CNA exam
Normally, stool should be
Brown and soft
How are bloodborne diseases transmitted?
By contact with blood or body fluids
Orthotic devices are used to
Keep joints in correct position and improve function
Nursing assistants can help a resident's family and friends deal with the resident's death by
Listening to them if they want to talk
Psychosocial needs include the following:
Love and affection
Normal age-related changes for the respiratory system include
Lung strength decreases
The anxiety disorder that is characterized by repetitive thoughts or behavior is
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Hidden, or ______, blood is found inside stool with a microscope or a special chemical test.
Occult
With ______ immunity, a person is given the antibodies needed to defend against an antigen.
Passive
The muscular contractions that push food toward the stomach are called
Peristalsis
The difference between the apical and radial pulse is called the
Pulse deficit
The largest organ in the human body is the
Skin
Blood pressure is measured using a
Sphygmomanometer
Another word for fainting is
Syncope
The circadian rhythm is
The 24-hour, day-night cycle
Which of the following conditions makes a person more likely to have diabetes?
The person is obese.
The most important member of the care team is
The resident
Passive range of motion exercises are done
When a resident cannot move on her own
When must a unit be completely cleaned and disinfected?
When a resident is transferred, discharged, or dies
The ______ is the outer layer of the skin which is composed of dead cells.
Epidermis
To maintain proper body mechanics while lifting or carrying an object, a nursing assistant should
Face the object or person she is moving
A sign that a stroke is occurring is
Facial droop
Bending a body part is called
Flexion
Care guidelines for dialysis include
Following instructions for intake and output measurement carefully
An example of a restraint alternative is
Giving frequent help with toileting
Diabetic ketoacidosis may be caused by
Having too little insulin in the body
What is a possible benefit of using an incentive spirometer?
Helping clear the lungs
How far into the ear should a tympanic thermometer be inserted?
¼ to ½ inch
One component of cardiac rehabilitation is
A stress management program will be initiated
The best type of jewelry for an NA to wear to work is
A watch
A nursing assistant can make bathing safer for residents by
Asking for help if she cannot safely handle the task alone
One way for a nursing assistant to make a positive first impression at a job interview is to
Bathe, use deodorant, and brush her teeth before the interview
The part of the body that should be washed last is the
Buttocks
Which of the following statements is true of urination?
A lack of privacy can affect urination, as can stress.
Rounds are
A method of reporting in which staff move from room to room
Which of the following behaviors violates Residents' Rights?
A nursing assistant tells stories about her favorite residents to her family.
Which of the following is true of the MDS?
A nursing assistant's report may trigger a needed assessment for a resident.
A causative agent is
A pathogen or microorganism that causes disease
Fluid balance occurs when
A person consumes and eliminates equal amounts of fluid
Prehypertension means
A person does not have high blood pressure now but is likely to have it in the future
Portable commodes are used when
A resident can get out of bed but has difficulty walking to the bathroom
Which of the following is an example of aggressive, rather than assertive, behavior?
A resident tells a nursing assistant that she is clumsy and is moving too slowly.
Which of the following is associated with person-centered care?
A resident's personal preferences and individual choices are promoted.
One thing that would make a positive impression on a family visiting a facility is
A safe and homelike atmosphere
Infection prevention is
A set of methods used to prevent the spread of disease
Parkinson's disease typically causes
A shuffling gait
One way to manage stress is to
Develop new hobbies
An example of disposable equipment is
Gloves
Symptoms of hypothyroidism include
Intolerance to cold
One way to prevent aspiration is to
Make sure food is swallowed before offering another bite
Which of the following is a proper guideline for hearing aids?
Make sure residents with hearing aids have them turned on.
If a resident is hearing impaired, a nursing assistant should
Make sure the light is on the nursing assistant's face, not the resident's
A tumor that is cancerous is called a(n) ______ tumor.
Malignant
Which of the following is a function of the female reproductive system?
Manufacturing ova, estrogen, and progesterone
If a resident with AD is incontinent, the nursing assistant should
Mark the bathroom with a sign or picture
If the nursing assistant notices redness around bony areas during a massage, she should
Massage around these areas
When is it appropriate for a nursing assistant to hit a resident?
Never
Which of the following guidelines is true of working around oxygen equipment?
Nursing assistants should not allow open flames around oxygen.
How many pages long should a résumé be?
One page
A fracture in which the skin is open and the bone may come through the skin is a(n)
Open fracture
Skin that is not intact is considered a(n)
Open wound
A disposable thermometer can be used to measure a(n) _________ temperature.
Oral
Which of the following is true about oral care?
Oral care is not just care of the teeth, but also the mouth, tongue, and gums.
A stool sample that is to be tested for ______ must be delivered to the lab immediately.
Ova and parasites
Sleep disorders are called
Parasomnias
Ms. Martin is an elderly resident with very dry skin. What kind of bath would be appropriate for her?
Partial bath
Which of the following statements is true of ostomies?
People with ostomies need to receive regular skin care and proper hygiene.
Which of the following conditions may mean a person needs emergency medical help?
Person is unconscious.
______ is the study of how body parts function.
Physiology
What is one of the nursing assistant's responsibilities for tube feedings?
Positioning the resident
Ageism is
Prejudice toward or discrimination against the elderly
Observing residents' skin during personal care and bathing is especially important in the prevention of
Pressure ulcers
Draw sheets are used to
Prevent damage to a resident's skin caused by shearing
Guidelines for caring for a resident with multiple sclerosis include
Preventing falls
Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system?
Prevents the loss of too much water
One reason that the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was passed was to
Protect privacy of health information
Which of the following is a function of the immune system?
Protects against the invasion of foreign substances and pathogens
_____ help(s) the body grow new tissue and enable(s) tissue repair.
Proteins
If a nursing assistant encounters any sexual situation between two consenting adult residents, she should
Provide privacy and leave the area
_________ is the period of human development in which a person develops secondary sex characteristics.
Puberty
How does regular activity and exercise benefit the integumentary system?
Quality and health of the skin is improved.
Both the _____ and _____ pulses are used in taking blood pressure.
Radial and brachial
______ is a method of treatment for cancer that uses high-energy waves to attempt to destroy cancer cells in a specific area.
Radiation therapy
While distributing meal trays, Brenda gives the wrong meal to a resident who has diabetes. She says that the resident distracted her by complaining about the food. Which defense mechanism is she using?
Rationalization
A good way for a nursing assistant to respond to hallucinations is to
Reassure a resident who is upset and worried
Which of the following is one of the nutritional problems of the elderly?
Reduced physical activity affects appetite.
If a resident with AD shows violent behavior, the nursing assistant should
Remove triggers
The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) was passed as a response to
Reports of abuse and poor care in long-term care facilities
RACE is an acronym for a safety rule, and means
Rescue residents, Activate alarm, Contain fire, Extinguish
A warning sign of dehydration is
Resident has trouble swallowing liquids
Which of the following is true of residents who have angina?
Residents need to reduce emotional distress as much as possible.
The process of breathing in and out is called
Respiration
Restraint-free care means that
Restraints are not kept or used at the facility for any reason
A ______ lists the tasks that nursing assistants are permitted to perform, as allowed by state or federal law.
Scope of practice
Which of the following needs to be disposed of in a biohazard container?
Sharps
During which of the following procedures must a nursing assistant always wear gloves?
Shaving a resident
When assisting with ROM exercises, the nursing assistant should begin at the ______ and work her way ______ the body.
Shoulders, down
During an enema, the resident should be in the ______ position.
Sims'
In which position is a resident if he is on his left side with his lower arm behind his back and his upper knee flexed?
Sims'
How should a resident be positioned for eating?
Sitting as upright as possible
Dangling means
Sitting up with legs hanging over the side of the bed
How should a resident with COPD be positioned?
Sitting upright
One way for a person to keep hypertension under control and prevent complications is to
Stop smoking
The bedside stand is used for
Storing equipment
What should a resident who has asthma avoid?
Strong smells
Making an area or object free of all microorganisms is called
Surgical asepsis
Residents who have difficulty ______ may require thickened liquids.
Swallowing
Which of the following is true of scabies?
Symptoms include rash, intense itching, and sores that may become infected.
When pathogens enter the bloodstream and move throughout the body, a _____ has occurred.
Systemic infection
If a nursing assistant suspects that a resident has a fever, he should
Take the resident's temperature
If a nursing assistant is not sure what information to share at the care conference, she should
Talk to the nurse before the meeting
Which of the following would be the best response by the nursing assistant if a resident is having a seizure?
The NA should move furniture away to prevent injury to the resident.
Which of the following would be the best way for a nursing assistant to respond to a resident with AD who is exhibiting inappropriate sexual behavior?
The NA should take the resident to a private area.
Which of the following is the best way for a nursing assistant to respond to a resident who is angry?
The NA should try to find out what is causing the resident's anger.
Which of the following is true of combative behavior?
The behavior may be caused by disease or medication.
One change that might occur in the body after death is
The body will not have a pulse, respiration, or blood pressure
When a resident has one weaker leg,
The cane should be held on the stronger side
The decision on which bath to give a resident is made by
The doctor and the resident
Which of the following is true of most elderly people?
They have many interests.
A good way for a nursing assistant to help a new resident adjust to life in the facility is to
Think about how it would feel to have to move into a facility
The first thing a nursing assistant should do when reacting to a conflict with another nursing assistant is to
Think about the possible reasons why a person is behaving in an undesirable way
HIV can be transmitted
To a healthcare worker who comes into contact with a contaminated needle
What is the purpose of the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA)?
To encourage people to make decisions about advance directives
A cane is used
To help a person with balance
A man with benign prostatic hypertrophy may have difficulty with
Urinating
Under Standard Precautions, the term body fluids includes
Urine
If a resident with AD has lost most of his verbal skills, the NA should
Use touch, smiles, and laughter
Ways to prevent aspiration during oral care of unconscious residents include
Using as little liquid as possible when giving oral care
Therapy that allows residents with AD to believe that they live in the past or in imaginary circumstances is
Validation therapy
The most essential nutrient for life is ______
Water
Which of the following is a symptom of dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)?
Watering eyes during meals
When handling dirty linen, a nursing assistant should
Wear gloves
Which of the following is considered a sign of neglect?
Weight loss
When is hospice care usually ordered by a doctor?
When a person has six months or less to live
When should staff members become involved in family matters?
When there is concern about the resident's safety around family members
When beginning to weigh a resident, the scale should be balanced at
Zero
Osteoporosis is caused by a lack of _______ in the diet.
Calcium
Postmortem care is
Care of the body after death
Medicare will pay for
Care that it determines to be medically necessary
Which of the following increases the risk of infection in older adults?
Catheter use
A transient ischemic attack is a warning sign of
Cerebrovascular accident
Pre-diabetes can be delayed or prevented by
Change in diet and daily exercise
Which of the following can help reduce pain?
Change of position
What is the first thing a nursing assistant should do after getting a work assignment?
Check if any of his assigned residents requires immediate help or care
One way to prevent burns and scalds is to
Check water temperature before giving a bath or shower
Choose the resident condition that the NA should report immediately to the nurse:
Chest pain
Shingles is a viral infection caused by the same virus that causes _______ and can occur in anyone who has had it.
Chickenpox
Which type of urine specimen does not include the first and last urine in the sample?
Clean-catch
Normal qualities of urine include
Clear or transparent color and a faint smell
Which of the following is the best way that a nursing assistant can help prevent falls?
Clear walkways of clutter
Which of the following statements is true of a resident on a ventilator?
Clipboards, pads, and communication boards can help with communication.
Which of the following terms describes a bed that is completely made with the bedspread and blankets in place?
Closed bed
When assisting a resident who has one weak side with dressing,
Clothing should be put on the weak side first
The ability to think logically is called
Cognition
What does palliative care involve?
Comfort and managing symptoms
Ms. Reid is unable to get out of bed due to recent surgery. She is very concerned with cleanliness and wants to bathe every day. Which kind of bath is most appropriate for her?
Complete bed bath
Employee evaluations include ______, which involves giving opinions about the work of others and includes helpful suggestions for change.
Constructive feedback
Sexually-transmitted infections are caused by sexual contact with an infected person. Sexual contact includes which of the following?
Contact of the mouth with the genitals
The painful and permanent stiffening of a muscle is called
Contracture
The permanent and painful shortening of a muscle, tendon, or ligament is called a(n)
Contracture
Which of the following is the proper temperature for rinsing and storing dentures?
Cool
If a resident has a minor burn, a nursing assistant should use _____ to decrease the temperature of the skin.
Cool water
Which of the following is a sign of unintended weight loss that should be reported to the nurse?
Coughing or choking while eating
Infection prevention for the portal of exit link in the chain of infection could include
Covering the mouth when sneezing
An ileostomy or colostomy may be needed for a resident who has
Crohn's disease
Which of the following is helpful when providing skin care for a resident with cancer?
Avoid applying lotion to areas receiving radiation therapy.
Which of the following is another word for armpit?
Axilla
Long-term care is offered in
skilled nursing facilities
Normal age-related changes for the endocrine system include the following:
Decrease in levels of hormones signal the onset of menopause in women
A disorder in which a person has a serious loss of mental abilities, including the ability to think, remember, and reason, is known as
Dementia
Which of the following terms means "a serious loss of mental abilities"?
Dementia
Mr. Parker has always been cheerful and optimistic, but since his diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, he has been quiet and withdrawn. He does not seem to enjoy any of his favorite activities and rarely talks to anyone. In which stage of grief is Mr. Parker?
Depression
Complications of immobility for the nervous system include
Depression or insomnia
What information does a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) contain?
Description of emergency response actions
Which of the following is true of developmental disabilities?
Developmental disabilities restrict physical and/or mental ability.
The BRAT diet is helpful for
Diarrhea
Which of the following statements is true of linen?
Dirty linen should be removed by rolling it away from the nursing assistant.
_____ destroys pathogens but not all pathogens, while _____ destroys all microorganisms, including those that form spores.
Disinfection, sterilization
Laura's supervisor reprimands her for being late to work. Later that day, Laura yells at a resident for being incontinent. Which defense mechanism is she using?
Displacement
After an emergency, the nursing assistant will need to
Document the incident
Accurate documentation is important because
Documentation provides an up-to-date record of a resident's status and care
Which of the following is an example of professional and ethical behavior by a nursing assistant?
Documenting care accurately and promptly
In which position is the resident placed for examination of the breasts, chest, and abdomen?
Dorsal recumbent
One sign of a localized infection is
Drainage from a wound or cavity
One way for women to prevent UTIs is to
Drink juices with vitamin C to acidify urine
Before applying a prosthesis, the area must be
Dry
Non-sterile dressings are applied to
Dry wounds that have less chance of infection
Why are women more likely than men to have urinary tract infections?
Due to having a shorter urethra
Which of the following is an example of an advance directive?
Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care
The medical term for difficulty breathing is
Dyspnea
The best time to collect a sputum specimen is
Early in the morning
A resident with AIDS who has nausea and is vomiting should
Eat small, frequent meals
Which of the following is a reason that people are at greater risk for infection as they get older?
Elderly people are hospitalized more often.
Which of the following statements is true of cast care?
Elevate an extremity that is in a cast.
What does the term empathetic mean?
Empathetic means identifying with and understanding the feelings of others.
What is the function of the larynx?
Enables speech
A good way for a nursing assistant to promote normal elimination for residents is to
Encourage Kegel exercises
Which of the following is an effective way for a nursing assistant to help prevent dehydration?
Encourage a resident to drink every time she sees him.
A good way for a nursing assistant to promote normal elimination for residents is to
Encourage fluid intake and nutritious meals
One way to promote dignity and independence with personal care is to
Encourage residents to perform tasks independently even if it takes longer
The _______ acts like a lid to shut off the larynx during the swallowing process.
Epiglottis
Which of the following statements is true of ethics?
Ethics are the knowledge of what is right and wrong.
A resident who has hemorrhoids should avoid
Excessive cleaning and wiping of the area
Each time a nursing assistant greets a resident, he should
Explain the procedure to be performed
Which of the following symptoms is more often experienced by women during a heart attack?
Extreme fatigue
One sign that a person is in shock is
Extreme thirst
Why is it important for a resident with TB to take all of the prescribed medication?
Failure to finish the medication makes the person more likely to spread the disease to others.
Most of the accidents in a facility are related to
Falls
If a nursing assistant feels it is not safe to move a resident by himself, he should
Find a coworker to help
What should a candidate for a nursing assistant job be sure to do when going for an interview?
Find someone to care for her children so she does not have to take them along
A burn that affects the epidermis and causes redness and pain is a
First-degree (superficial) burn
Which of the following is a sign or symptom of the beginning stages of HIV infection?
Flu-like symptoms
What information is found on a diet card?
Food allergies and likes and dislikes
A nursing assistant's responsibility with a resident's medical chart is to
Gather information and note observations and care
A person with ______ cannot be treated with antibiotics or cured, and may have repeated outbreaks of the disease for the rest of his or her life.
Genital herpes
In which of the following parts of the body are mucous membranes found?
Genitals
A resident who is ambulatory can
Get out of bed and walk
If a nursing assistant is in an emergency situation but has not been trained to perform CPR, she should
Give basic first aid until the emergency medical team arrives
During code team procedures, a nursing assistant might be asked to
Give chest compressions during CPR
When communicating with a resident who has a functional barrier, the nursing assistant should
Give the resident time to speak
Which of the following statements is true of gloves?
Gloves should be worn when performing care on a resident who has broken skin.
The male and female sexual reproductive glands are called
Gonads
Which of the following is an example of unprofessional behavior by a nursing assistant?
Graciously accepting a gift from a favorite resident
An oral thermometer is usually color-coded
Green or blue
Symptoms of respiratory distress include
Gurgling
If a resident feels faint, a nursing assistant should
Have the resident lean forward and place her head between her knees
Which of the following statements is true of HIV and AIDS?
Having unprotected sex puts a person at a high risk for HIV/AIDS.
What is the difference between health and wellness?
Health is a state of physical, mental, and social well-being; wellness has to do with balancing one's life.
A person in a coma may still be able to
Hear
Which is the last sense to leave a person?
Hearing
What is a common symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Heartburn
One benefit of applying heat to the body is that
Heat increases movement of oxygen and nutrients into the tissues
A geriatric chair is used to
Help residents who are mostly bedbound avoid the need to stay in bed all day
Hypertension is
High blood pressure
A resident who is taking diuretics or blood pressure medication may be on a ______ diet.
High-potassium
To control bleeding, a nursing assistant should
Hold a thick pad or clean cloth against the wound and press down hard
Which of the following types of health care is generally for people who will die in six months or less?
Hospice care
Professionalism is related to
How a person behaves at work
The medical term for high blood pressure is
Hypertension
Another term for insulin reaction is
Hypoglycemia
Which of the following is part of The Dying Person's Bill of Rights?
I have the right to have my questions answered honestly.
When a nursing assistant is serving meals to residents, she must always
Identify the resident
A mask and goggles should be worn
If contact with splashing or spraying blood or body fluids is likely
When should documentation be recorded?
Immediately after care is given
What should a nursing assistant do if he spills a substance on his body?
Immediately wash the area using the proper cleaning agent
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune illness. With an autoimmune illness, the body's ______ system attacks normal tissue.
Immune
A normal age-related change for the immune and lymphatic systems is the
Immune system weakens
Where is the best place to dispose of sharps?
In a puncture-proof biohazard container
When should anti-embolic stockings be applied?
In the morning
Which of the following statements is true of a high-Fowler's position?
In this position, a resident is sitting nearly straight up.
A sitz bath is used to
Increase blood flow to pelvic area
Lack of sleep can cause
Increased irritability
Benefits of regular activity and exercise for the endocrine system include
Increased metabolism
In a healthcare facility, codes are used to
Inform staff of emergencies without alarming residents and visitors
A cover letter should include
Information on why you are seeking the job and why you are qualified for it
Which of the following is a task that nursing assistants do not perform?
Inserting tubes into a resident's body
The method used to insert an artificial airway is called
Intubation
Which of the following is an ombudsman's responsibility?
Investigating and resolving resident complaints
The most common form of anemia is
Iron-deficiency anemia
Signs of constipation include
Irritability
An object can be called clean if
It has not been contaminated with pathogens
Why is disposable equipment used in healthcare facilities?
It prevents the spread of microorganisms.
How does moisture affect warm and cold applications?
It strengthens their effects.
Elastic bandages are commonly used to
Keep dressings in place
When caring for residents who have IVs, a nursing assistant should
Keep the IV site dry
An example of ethical behavior by a nursing assistant is
Keeping a resident's information confidential
One example of professional behavior by nursing assistants when working with residents is
Keeping all resident information confidential
Which of the following is part of proper personal grooming by a nursing assistant?
Keeping hair neatly tied back away from the face
Guidelines for the nursing assistant to give proper catheter care include
Keeping the genital area clean to prevent infection
People who have diabetes may have ______, chemical substance(s) produced when the body burns fat for energy or fuel, in their urine.
Ketones
______ is an artificial means of removing the body's waste products.
Kidney dialysis
Which of the following is true of sexual needs in the elderly?
Lack of privacy in a facility can affect sexual activity.
Which of the following is true of sleep?
Lack of sleep can cause decreased mental function.
A resident who is edentulous
Lacks teeth
A person with ______ TB infection does not show symptoms and cannot infect others; a person with TB ______ shows symptoms of the illness and can spread it to others.
Latent, disease
If a resident with AD has problems with dressing, the nursing assistant should
Lay out clothes in the order they should be put on
Which of the following is an example of positive nonverbal communication by a nursing assistant?
Leaning forward to listen as a resident talks about her day
When leaving a resident's room, a nursing assistant should
Leave the unit tidy
Which of the following is a function of the bones?
Lending support to body structures
One dietary habit that a nursing assistant can encourage to help residents sleep better is
Limiting caffeine intake
One way for nursing assistants to help meet the psychosocial and spiritual needs of a dying resident is to
Listen more, talk less
Which of the following is an example of appropriate behavior by a nursing assistant with a resident's family?
Listening to the family's concerns and fears and responding with a meaningful message
When using the computer at work, a nursing assistant should
Log off the computer when she is finished using it
Which of the following can a nursing assistant do if poisoning is suspected?
Look for a container that will help him find out what the resident took or ate.
Which of the following is a sign of approaching death?
Low blood pressure
Which of the following is a function of the endocrine system?
Maintains blood sugar levels
Which of the following is true of mechanical lifts?
Mechanical lifts help prevent injury to the body.
_____ is a medical assistance program for people who have low income or disabilities.
Medicaid
_____ is a federal health insurance program for people who are 65 years of age or older or people of any age with permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities.
Medicare
Which of the following is a common set of treatments for anxiety disorders?
Medication and psychotherapy
Treatment for seizures includes
Medication or surgery
Hygiene is
Methods of keeping the body clean
Which of the following is considered a sign of abuse?
Missing teeth or hair
A person who has a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher is considered
Morbidly obese
Abduction is
Moving a body part away from the body
Which of the following would be considered an incident?
Ms. Martin falls in the bathroom but seems uninjured.
Common symptoms of a fever include
Muscle aches
Normal age-related changes for the musculoskeletal system include
Muscles weaken and lose tone
A resident who has a restrict fluids order
Must limit the daily amount of fluids consumed to a level set by the doctor
An example of active listening is
NA focusing on the resident and providing feedback
Which of the following statements is true of positioning?
NAs should check residents' skin each time they are repositioned.
Which of the following is a guideline for assisting with bowel retraining?
NAs should encourage residents to drink plenty of fluids.
Residents with the abbreviation _____ on their diet cards cannot have anything to eat or drink by mouth.
NPO
Which of the following is a flammable liquid?
Nail polish remover
A tube that is inserted into the nose, through the esophagus, and into the stomach for feeding is called a(n)
Nasogastric tube
Jenna knows that Mr. Warren, one of her residents, is very excited about an upcoming visit from his daughter. She takes a little extra time to help him get ready and tells him how good he looks. Which kind of need is Jenna helping her resident to meet?
Need for self-esteem
Subacute care is for residents who
Need more care than most long-term care facilities provide
Residents with congestive heart failure may
Need to do range of motion exercises to improve muscle tone
The basic working unit of the nervous system is the
Neuron
Immunity that protects the body from disease in general and is the first line of defense against invading bacteria or organisms is called:
Nonspecific immunity
When a resident is suspected of having a heart attack, a nursing assistant should
Not give the resident food or fluids
Which of the following is a normal age-related change for the male reproductive system?
Number and capability of sperm decreases.
How many links in the chain of infection must be broken to prevent infection?
One
Strategies for better communication with residents who have AD include
Only talking about one subject at a time, using simple, short sentences
Restraints may be used
Only with a doctor's order
The heart is an example of a(n) ______.
Organ
The tiny bones within the middle ear that pick up vibrations and send impulses to the brain are the
Ossicles
With whom may a nursing assistant share a resident's health information?
Other care team members
A nursing assistant can share information about residents with
Other members of the care team
Why does working with oxygen require special safety precautions?
Oxygen is a dangerous fire hazard.
Which of the following statements is true of osteoarthritis?
Pain and stiffness increase in cold or damp weather.
Which of the following statements is true of pain?
Pain is a different experience for each person.
The first sign of skin breakdown is
Pale, white, reddened, or purple skin
______ is the loss of function of the lower body and legs.
Paraplegia
Why is respiration rate usually counted directly after taking the pulse rate, while the fingers are still on the wrist?
People may breathe more quickly if they know they are being observed.
Which of the following statements is true of restraints?
People tend to respond better to restraint alternatives than to restraints.
A person who is mentally healthy
Performs well in professional settings
Which of the following should be washed every day?
Perineum
The most common type of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
The ______ gland is known as the master gland because it controls the hormone production of other glands.
Pituitary
When using a transfer belt, the nursing assistant should
Place it around a resident's waist
What can an overbed table be used for?
Placement of meals
About 55% of blood is made up of _______.
Plasma
One way for a nursing assistant to make a positive first impression on a new resident is to
Prepare his room before his arrival so that he feels expected and welcome
Which of the following statements is true of pressure ulcers?
Pressure ulcers can lead to life-threatening infections.
In which type of nursing care does the registered nurse give much of the daily care to the residents?
Primary nursing
Diabetes can lead to which of the following complications?
Problems with circulation
When a resident is confused, the nursing assistant should
Provide a quiet environment
When a resident with AD pillages and hoards, the nursing assistant should
Provide a rummage drawer
If a nursing assistant encounters a resident in a sexual situation, she should
Provide privacy and leave the room
What might a nursing assistant do for a resident with a tracheostomy?
Provide skin care to the site around the tube
Guidelines for the NA for rehabilitation and restorative care include
Providing plenty of privacy to avoid distractions and embarrassment
Which of the following behaviors promotes Residents' Rights?
Providing privacy during all care procedures
Threatening to harm a resident if he tells another caregiver about a problem is an example of which type of abuse?
Psychological abuse
The ______ is the circular opening which dilates and constricts to adjust the amount of light coming into the eye.
Pupil
Which of the following is part of using proper body mechanics?
Pushing when possible, rather than lifting
Which of the following is the proper order to don personal protective equipment (PPE)?
Put on gown, mask, goggles, and gloves
The most common site that is used for measuring pulse rate is the
Radial pulse
A diabetic resident should
Receive careful foot care
Which method of taking temperature is considered to be the most accurate?
Rectal
The function of insulin is to
Regulate the amount of glucose available to the cells for metabolism
If a nursing assistant sees a resident being sexually abused, she should
Remove the resident from the situation immediately and report it to the nurse
If a nursing assistant sees or suspects that a resident is being abused, he must
Report it at once to his supervisor
One of the nursing assistant's responsibilities regarding eczema is
Reporting signs of infection
Which of the following is true of a resident who is dying?
Residents should be fed slowly to help prevent choking and aspiration.
The residents with the longest average stay in long-term care facilities are
Residents who are developmentally disabled
Which of the following statements is true of spiritual needs?
Residents will have different spiritual needs and beliefs.
Which of the following statements is true?
Residents' hair should be handled gently because hair can be pulled out when combing or brushing it.
If a resident's religious beliefs are different from a nursing assistant's beliefs, the nursing assistant should
Respect the resident's beliefs
When a person's breathing stops, it is called
Respiratory arrest
One way for an NA to have a positive relationship with a resident's family and friends is to
Respond immediately when the resident calls for help
If a resident is difficult to understand, a nursing assistant should
Restate what the resident is saying in her own words to find out if she has understood
Which of the following is a condition that increases the risk of pressure ulcers?
Restricted mobility
Which of the following is the best way for a nursing assistant to keep residents' health information confidential?
Return charts to their proper place after use
The main part of a word that gives it meaning is the
Root
A _______ urine specimen can be collected any time the resident voids.
Routine
Which of the following is the highest priority for nursing assistants when bathing residents?
Safety
Guidelines for serving meal trays include
Saying positive things about the food being served
If a resident with AD has problems with bathing, the nursing assistant should
Schedule bathing when the resident is least agitated
After an amputation, a resident may experience phantom sensation. Phantom sensation is
Sensation where the limb existed
Which of the following is a function of the nervous system?
Senses and interprets information from outside the body
Which of the following can be an effective way to prevent unintended weight loss?
Serving favorite foods
A nursing assistant can respond to sundowning by
Setting a bedtime routine and keeping it
Droplets normally do not travel more than
Six feet
Which of the following types of muscle is a voluntary muscle?
Skeletal muscle
Which of the following statements is true of Alzheimer's disease (AD)?
Skills a person has used over a lifetime are usually kept longer.
Which of the following is a normal age-related change of the integumentary system?
Skin becomes thinner and more fragile.
A symptom of fluid overload is
Skin that appears tight, smooth, and shiny
Which of the following is an example of nonverbal communication by a nursing assistant?
Smiling at a new resident
Which of the following statements about mealtime is true?
Social interaction is an important part of mealtime.
If a nursing assistant encourages a resident to play cards with friends, what kind of wellness is she promoting?
Social wellness
A ________ diet restricts or eliminates foods that are hard to chew and swallow.
Soft or mechanical soft
A resident with AIDS who has an infection of the mouth may need to eat food that is
Soft or pureed
Normal age-related changes for the nervous system include the following:
Some memory loss occurs
The ______ is/are part of the peripheral nervous system.
Spinal nerves
The best position for bowel elimination is
Squatting and leaning forward
What is one possible negative result of the functional nursing style of care?
Staff may overlook changes in a resident's condition.
The best position for men to urinate is
Standing
When helping a visually-impaired resident walk, where should the nursing assistant be?
Standing slightly in front of the resident
When a resident uses a cane, walker, or crutches, the nursing assistant should
Stay on the resident's weaker side
If a resident with AD becomes violent, the NA should
Step out of the way and remove triggers if possible
A(n) ______ catheter is inserted to drain urine present in the bladder and is removed immediately after urine is drained.
Straight
In which position is a resident if he is lying flat on his back with his head and shoulders supported by a pillow?
Supine position
Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?
Supplies oxygen to body cells
The key treatment for malignant tumors of the skin, breast, and colon is
Surgery
A(n) _____ bed is made so that it can easily accept residents who must return to bed on stretchers or gurneys.
Surgical
The _____ blood pressure is the top number in a blood pressure reading, while the _____ is the bottom number.
Systolic, diastolic
Which of the following senses is not used in making observations?
Taste
If a nursing assistant is unable to obtain a proper reading of a resident's vital signs, she should
Tell the nurse
What is a nursing assistant's responsibility during an in-house transfer of a resident?
The NA packs all of the resident's belongings.
What would be the best response by a nursing assistant if a surveyor asks her a question?
The NA should answer honestly and to the best of her ability.
Which of the following is a care guideline for residents recovering from a CVA?
The NA should assist with ambulation to prevent falls.
Which of the following is a guideline for safely using a wheelchair?
The NA should check that the resident's hips are positioned at the very back of the chair.
Which of the following would be the best response by a nursing assistant if a resident is demonstrating inappropriate sexual behavior?
The NA should distract the resident or direct her to a private area.
Which of the following is true of bladder retraining?
The NA should encourage the resident to drink plenty of fluids even if incontinence is a problem.
Which of the following is the best example of how a nursing assistant should communicate with an anxious resident?
The NA should gently ask the resident what is bothering him.
Which of the following is a guideline for safe diabetic foot care?
The NA should inspect and clean the resident's feet every day.
Which of the following is a good idea for a nursing assistant who is communicating with a resident who has cancer?
The NA should listen to the resident if he feels like talking.
Which of the following guidelines is true of working around oxygen equipment?
The NA should not allow open flames around oxygen.
Which of the following statements is true of how a nursing assistant should care for a resident with a telemetry pack?
The NA should not get the unit, pads, or electrodes wet.
A resident has purchased a special gift for her nursing assistant (NA). Which of the following would be the best response by the nursing assistant?
The NA should refuse the gift but thank the resident for thinking of her.
A resident has been acting a little strangely lately. She gets upset very easily, and her eyes are always red. She does not eat much, and sometimes the nursing assistant can smell alcohol on her breath, even in the morning. What should the nursing assistant do?
The NA should report her observations to the nurse.
Which of the following would be the best response by the nursing assistant if a resident wants to leave a facility against medical advice (AMA)?
The NA should report to the charge nurse.
Which of the following would be the best response by a nursing assistant if he forgets how to perform a procedure?
The NA should review the steps of the procedure in the procedure manual.
Which of the following is a good way for a nursing assistant to care for a mentally ill resident?
The NA should support the resident and his or her family and friends.
Which of the following is the best way for a nursing assistant to communicate with a resident who is depressed?
The NA should use body language that shows interest.
How will a nursing assistant measure the height of a resident who cannot get out of bed?
The NA will use a tape measure.
Which of the following statements is true of job applications?
The applicant should write N/A for questions that do not apply to him.
Which of the following statements is true of chest tubes?
The chest drainage must be observed for amount and color.
In which part of the body do fungal infections often occur?
The groin
A normal age-related change for the circulatory system is
The heart pumps less efficiently
Why must an employer perform a criminal background check on new aides hired?
The law requires it for the protection of residents.
The chain of command is
The line of authority in a facility
Which of the following is a physical need?
The need to be free from pain
Which member of the care team assesses residents, monitors progress, and gives treatments and medication?
The nurse
Which member of the care team has the most direct contact with the residents?
The nursing assistant
Which of the following is the best example of how a nursing assistant is demonstrating that she is dependable?
The nursing assistant avoids excessive absences from work.
How can a nursing assistant help a resident who has a developmental disability?
The nursing assistant can break tasks into smaller steps.
Which of the following is a step taken when a nursing assistant is suspected of abuse?
The nursing assistant is suspended immediately and an investigation is completed.
Which of the following statements is true of taking rectal temperatures?
The nursing assistant must hold on to the thermometer at all times while taking a rectal temperature.
What is the nursing assistant's role in care planning?
The nursing assistant shares observations that may affect the care plan.
Which of the following is a guideline for dealing with urinary incontinence?
The nursing assistant should change wet or soiled linens or incontinence briefs immediately.
Which of the following is true of giving a complete bed bath?
The nursing assistant should place a towel or bed pad under the part of the body that is being washed.
Which of the following statements is true of a nursing assistant's role in restorative care?
The nursing assistant should recognize that setbacks occur and be reassuring.
Which of the following is a nursing assistant's responsibility regarding traction?
The nursing assistant should report to the nurse if the weights move.
In which of the following situations should a nursing assistant give abdominal thrusts to someone?
The person cannot speak, cough, or breathe.
Under which of the following conditions should a nursing assistant not take an oral temperature on a person?
The person is confused or disoriented.
A full weight-bearing order for a resident with a total hip replacement means that
The resident can bear full weight on both legs
Why might a resident need emotional support during a physical exam?
The resident may fear what the examiner will find.
Which of the following issues regarding rehabilitation and restorative care should be reported to the nurse?
The resident shows signs of depression
The amount that Medicare and Medicaid will pay long-term care facilities for services is based on
The resident's need upon admission and throughout his stay
When transferring a resident who has a weak side
The stronger side moves first
What is transcultural nursing?
The study of various cultures with the goal of providing care specific to each
What does a resident's code status indicate?
The type of care that should be provided in the event of a cardiac arrest or other catastrophic failure
Which of the following statements is true of hepatitis B (HBV)?
The vaccine for HBV helps prevent the disease.
Holistic care focuses on
The whole person, including physical, mental, and social well-being
Cultural diversity has to do with
The wide variety of people throughout the world
How should a standard bedpan be positioned?
The wider end should be aligned with the resident's buttocks.
Which of the following is true of Transmission-Based Precautions?
They are practiced in addition to Standard Precautions.
Which of the following is a reason that new residents may have trouble adjusting to life in a healthcare facility?
They have had to leave their home.
Which of the following statements is true of criminal laws?
They protect society from harmful people or organizations.
How should residents in isolation be treated?
They should be listened to and encouraged to share their feelings and concerns.
What is the best way to control methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?
Through proper handwashing
What is the function of an artificial airway?
To keep the airway open for the lungs to perform air exchange
What is one responsibility of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)?
To make rules to protect workers from hazards on the job
Which of the following is an example of a plant-based protein?
Tofu
Which of the following is one of the functions that the circulatory system performs?
Transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells
Standard Precautions means
Treating all blood, body fluids, and mucous membranes as if they were infected
If a resident becomes combative, a nursing assistant should
Try to find out what triggered the behavior
Mr. Reynosa has a doctor's order for Epsom salts additives during bathing. What kind of bath would be most appropriate for him?
Tub bath
How much notice should a nursing assistant give when changing jobs?
Two weeks
Which of the following thermometers is used to measure temperature in the ear?
Tympanic thermometer
The most common form of diabetes is
Type 2 diabetes
Fluids are encouraged for residents who have had a total knee replacement to help prevent
Urinary tract infections
If a resident's native language is different from the nursing assistant's, the nursing assistant should
Use an interpreter to translate the message
One way for a nursing assistant to help a resident with AD with eating is to
Use dishes without a pattern and a simple place setting
One way that an NA can promote independence for a resident with special needs is to
Use physical and verbal cues
Which of the following is a care guideline for visual impairments?
Use the face of an imaginary clock as a guide to explain position of objects in the room.
One-way for a nursing assistant to communicate effectively with a visually-impaired resident is to
Use the face of an imaginary clock to explain the position of objects
Alternate communication methods for a resident with an artificial airway include
Using communication boards
Which of the following is a normal age-related change for the female reproductive system?
Vaginal walls become drier and thinner.
A code of ethics revolves around
Valuing residents and giving ethical care
Which type of vegetarian diet eliminates all poultry, meats, fish, eggs, and dairy products, along with foods that contain these products?
Vegan diet
According to the USDA's MyPlate icon, which food groups should make up at least half of a person's plate?
Vegetables and fruits
What is another term for urinating?
Voiding
A general rule for bathing a person is
Wash from cleanest to dirtiest
Before a nursing assistant leaves a dirty utility room, what must she do to avoid transferring pathogens to other areas of the facility?
Wash her hands
The most important thing a nursing assistant can do to prevent the spread of disease is to
Wash her hands
Hand hygiene is
Washing hands with either plain or antiseptic soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rubs
When is it appropriate for nursing assistants to use medical terminology?
When communicating with the care team
A nursing assistant should give nail care
When she is bathing a resident
A nursing assistant's responsibility for the resident during discharge ends
When the vehicle's doors are closed
When is a resident with cancer most likely to suffer from nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hair loss, and decreased resistance to infection?
When undergoing chemotherapy
Which of the following examples demonstrates a holistic approach to care?
While Claire is giving Ms. Potter a bath, she asks her how her day has been and listens carefully.
According to MyPlate, what should half of the grains a person consumes be?
Whole
When providing perineal care for a female resident, the nursing assistant should
Wipe from front to back
With whom should a nursing assistant use Standard Precautions?
With every resident in his care
How should an artificial eye be cleaned?
With water
Where should the call light be placed when a nursing assistant leaves a resident's room?
Within the resident's reach
Mrs. Levine, a resident, prays about her terminal illness. She promises God that she will make peace with her sister, whom she has not seen in 20 years, if she is allowed to live. Which stage of grief is Mrs. Levine going through?
Bargaining
The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention and treatment of obesity is
Bariatrics
Which of the following is a typical task that nursing assistants perform?
Bathing a resident
How can a nursing assistant help make discharge easier for a resident?
Be positive and reassuring about the change
Why is it important to consider a resident's cultural background when communicating with him or her?
Because cultural background helps determine how people communicate and can help the NA communicate better with the resident.
Why must a nursing assistant be concerned about privacy if documentation is done on a computer?
Because the information is confidential and someone who is not part of the care team might see the screen.
Why would a resident be in isolation?
Because the resident requires Transmission-Based Precautions
When should a nursing assistant identify a resident?
Before helping with feeding
One way to use proper body mechanics on the job is to
Bend at the knees to lift something
A pulse oximeter measures
Blood oxygen level
Which of the following is considered a vital sign?
Body temperature
Residents with COPD have trouble with
Breathing
Which of the following needs to be reported to the nurse?
Burning or pressure when urinating
What is one way that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is spread?
By contact with an infected person's blood
Which of the following is an example of a correct way to write a blood pressure reading?
120/75
Which of the following shows the correct conversion of 7:45 p.m. to military time?
1945 hours
A policy is
A course of action that should be taken every time a certain situation occurs
To hold oneself accountable means to
Admit mistakes and apologize for them
The first two steps in approaching an emergency are
Assess the situation and the victim
If a resident drinks four ounces of water with a meal, how many milliliters (mL) has he consumed?
120
Which of the following shows the correct conversion of 1330 to regular time?
1:30 p.m.
A pressure ulcer with partial-thickness skin loss that looks like a blister or shallow crater is a stage ______ pressure ulcer.
2
At least every _____ hours, a restraint must be removed and care must be provided.
2
Warm or cold applications should generally be applied for
20 minutes
A nursing assistant must usually take the state test within ______ months after training.
24
A resident should be offered a bedpan, urinal, or trip to the bathroom about ______ minutes after fluids are consumed.
30
To convert ounces to milliliters, the nursing assistant should multiply by
30
How many feet does a quad cane have?
4
If a person's breathing and heartbeat stop, brain damage can occur within ______ minutes.
4-6
The normal pulse rate for adults is
60 to 100 beats per minute
A healthy person needs to consume at least _____ ounces of fluid each day.
64
What is the minimum number of hours of nursing assistant training that is required by OBRA?
75 hours
After a total hip replacement, the hip cannot be bent or flexed more than ______ degrees.
90
At which angle should residents be positioned for eating?
90 degrees
Which of the following is the normal temperature range for the oral method?
97.6 - 99.6 degrees F
Which of the following is the best example of using proper telephone etiquette at work?
"Good afternoon, Hartman Skilled Care Facility, Brenda Johnson speaking."
Which of the following is an example of objective information?
"Mr. Castillo's blood pressure is 115/68."
Which of the following is an example of subjective information?
"Mrs. Parker says she is dizzy."
Which of these statements is an example of constructive feedback?
"You really need to remember to speak kindly to the residents, even when you're having a hard day."
According to MyPlate, a person should choose dairy products that contain
1% fat
Which of the following blood pressure readings falls within the normal range?
119/75
The federal government requires ______ hours of continuing education for nursing assistants each year.
12
There are _____ inches in a foot.
12
When does menopause occur in females?
12 months after a woman's last menstrual period
The normal respiration rate for adults is
12-20 breaths per minute
The medical term for chest pain, pressure, or discomfort is
Angina pectoris
How often must oral care be provided for residents?
At least twice a day
Weakening, wasting away, and decrease in size of a muscle is called
Atrophy
If a nursing assistant sees a call light for a resident who is not assigned to her, she should
Answer the call light
Under what conditions should a nursing assistant complete an incident report if he is injured on the job?
Any time he is injured on the job
Oxygen-rich blood is pumped from the left ventricle via the
Aorta
Signs and symptoms of clinical depression include
Apathy
Which of the following is a correct response to a nosebleed?
Apply pressure near the bridge of the nose
The primary risk for unconscious residents is
Aspiration
Which of the following is the first step in the nursing process?
Assessment
One way to make dining enjoyable for residents is to
Assist residents with toileting before meals
Residents in _____ are usually more independent and do not need skilled care.
Assisted living facilities
When washing hands, a nursing assistant should use friction for
At least 20 seconds
How many hours of training does OBRA require for nursing assistants?
At least 75 hours
Problems affecting nutritional intake among the elderly and chronically ill include
Ability to smell and taste food and drink decreases as people age
__________ means purposefully causing physical, mental, emotional, or financial pain or injury to someone.
Abuse
A terminally ill resident, John Castillo, visits with his family. He discusses his funeral arrangements with them. He lets them know that he is concerned about their well-being after he is gone. He says he wants to spend as much time as possible with them before he dies. Mr. Castillo is going through the ________ stage of grief.
Acceptance
Negligence is
Actions or the failure to act or give care to a person, resulting in unintended injury
A legal document that allows a person to decide what kind of medical care he wishes to have if he is unable to make those decisions himself is called a(n)
Advance directive
One way for a nursing assistant to be respectful to a resident in his room is to
Always knock and wait for permission before entering the room
Which of the following statements about observing mentally ill residents is true?
An NA needs to report changes in mood.
A resident who is at risk for pressure ulcers may have
An alternating pressure mattress
Which of the following is an example of a prosthesis?
An artificial arm to replace an arm that has been lost
A sentinel event is
An occurrence involving death or serious injury
A susceptible host is
An uninfected person who could get sick
Ms. Fleming, a resident who has recently been diagnosed with terminal cancer, has accused the nursing assistants in her unit of taking poor care of her and causing her disease. In which stage of grief is Ms. Fleming?
Anger
