COM 1000 Chapter 12

Five functions of an introduction

1. Gain the audience's attention 2. Arouse interest 3. State the purpose or thesis of your speech 4. Establish your qualifications 5. Briefly forecast for listeners the organization of your speech and the way you will develop your ideas

Gaining audience attention

1. bring to the presentation the object or person about which you are going to speak 2. invite your audience to participate 3. let your clothing relate to your presentation 4. exercise your audience's imagination 5. start with sight or sound

Four functions of the conclusion

1. forewarn the audience that you are about to finish 2. remind the audience of your central idea and the main points of your presentation 3. specify what the audience should think or do in response to your speech 4. end the speech in a manner that makes audience members want to think and do as you recommend

Five Main functions of the body

1. increase what an audience knows about a topic (Informative Presentation) 2. change an audience's attitudes or actions about a topic (persuasive presentation) 3. present a limited number of arguments, stories and/or ideas 4. provide support for your arguments and/or ideas 5. indicate the sources of your information, arguments, and supporting materials

Three good reasons for outlining

1. it is a skill that can be used to develop written compositions, to write notes in class, and to compose speeches 2. it reinforces important skills, such as determining what is most important, what arguments and evidence will work best with this audience, and roughly how much time and effort will go into each part of your presentation 3. outlining encourages you to speak conversatinoally, because you do not have every word in front of you

Transition

a bridge between sections of a presentation that helps the presenter move smoothly from one idea to another

Brakelight Function

a forewarning to the audience that the end of the presentation is near

References

a list of sources used in a presentation

Problem/Solution Pattern

a method of organization in which the presenter describes a problem and proposes a solution to that problem

Time-Sequence Pattern

a method of organization in which the presenter explains a sequence of events in chronological order

Cause/Effect Pattern

a method of organization in which the presenter first explains the causes of an event, a problem, or an issue and then discusses its consequences, results, or effects

Topical-Sequence Pattern

a method of organization that emphasizes the major reason an audience should accept a point of view by addressing the advantages, disadvantages, qualitites, and types of a person, place, or thing

Rough Draft

a preliminary organization of the outline of a presentation

Outlining

a written plan that uses symbols, margins, and content to reveal order, importance, and substance of a presentation

Sentence Outline

an outline consisting entirely of complete sentences; blueprint for your speech

Key-Word Outline

an outline consisting of important words or phrases to remind you of the content of the presentation

Organizational Patterns

arrangements of the contents of a presentation

Parallel Form

the consistent use of complete sentences, clauses, phrases, or words in an outline

Introduction

the first part of your presentation, where you fulfill five functions

Body

the largest part of the presentation, which contains the arguments, evidence, and main content

Main Points

the most important points in a presentation, indicated by Roman numerals in an outline

Conclusion

the part that finishes the presentation by fulfilling the four functions of an ending

Subpoints

the points in a presentatino that support the main points; indicated by capital letters in an outline

Signposts

ways in which a presenter signals to an audience where the presentation is going

Six principles of outlining

1. link outline to purpose 2. your outline is an abstract of the message you will deliver 3. each outline part is a single idea 4. your outline symbols signal importance 5. your outline margins signal importance 6. use parallel form