Com 1100 Test 2

The use of verbal communication to attack others based upon some social category is called?

hate speech

Which of the following best demonstrates how listening has a positive impact on the brain?

having better listening can improve memory

What stage of listening occurs when listeners pick up the sound waves directed toward them.

hearing

Research has confirmed that families who converse and eat meals together on a regular basis have children who have

higher self- esteem

What is the essential first step in improving our listening skills?

identify our poor listening behaviors

Many Asians resent being called "oriental". This is an example of how ___ affect (s) communication.

identity labels

When Karen tells her neighbor she saw a huge spider, she holds her thumb and index finger far apart to demonstrate in size. Karen is using which type of nonverbal gesture?

illustrator

What is the most likely effect of receiving multiple disconfirming messages from someone who is important to you?

impairs your relationship

Individuals who claim that any idea can be expressed in any language and that the structure and vocabulary of the language dont influence the spreaker's perception of the world, are known as?

nominalists

Which of the following is true of the characteristics of nonverbal communication?

nonverbal communication helps us communicate more complex messages

Which of the following is a way that prejudice can be communicated nonverbally?

not looking at someone while talking to them

The term ___ refers to the structural rules that govern the generation of meaning in a language.

grammer

What listening is based on Eastern philosophy and Zen Buddhism?

mindful

When Gary is at work, he likes to do one thing at a time. He gets frustrated by his staff, who often do things all at once. We can describe Gary's use of time as ____?

monochronic

Which of the following communication behaviors is exhibited equally by men and women?

more likely to use tentative language with a boss than with sibling

Which of the following examples most clearly illustrates the concept of intentionality?

smiling at someone you just met

Which aspect of social hierarchy is demonstrated by the fact that people tend to pay attention to what celebrities say and do?

social status

Rarely hearing traffic noise or people below an apartment are examples of a?

soundscape

Carole congratulates John on achieving this month's highest sales. What is this an example of?

speech act theory

In baseball, when a manager scratches his arm to signal that a runner on base should steal home, scratching the arm is ____.

symbolic

What governs how words of various categories are combined into clauses which in turn combine into sentences?

syntax

Communication scholar Valerie Manusov and psychologist Miles Patterson define nonverbal communication as encompassing the sending and receiving of information through appearance, objects, behavior, and _____.

the environment

What statements allow you to express your feelings by focusing on your own experiences rather than making negative generalizations about others?

"I"

Researchers found that ____ were far better at detecting prejudicial attitudes as expressed in subtle nonverbal behavior than ____.

African Americans; Whites

When Maria switches to her native language, she immediately becomes more animated and colorful in her word choices, as well as more comfortable expressing her feelings. What does this suggest about language and identity?

Every language is embedded in specific cultural contexts.

Which of the following is NOT a question to ask yourself when considering the ethics of nonverbal communication?

Have you ever observed this nonverbal behavior in others?

According to the text, what likely accounts for contradictory research findings on communication differences between men and women?

Many studies are based on the participant's perceptions, which are not always accurate

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the language we use to communicate verbally?

Plays a role in shaping who we are

What does the linguistic practice of code switching enable its speakers to do?

communicate more effectively in mainstream culture with different audiences

Paula is from SC. When she speaks she tends to drawl her vowels. This is an example of?

a dialect

The use of the vocal fry, popularized by celebrities is an example of which influence on verbal communication?

age

Kate drew her eyebrows together as she walled across campus worrying about her final exam. Cindy saw her frowning and thought Kate was mad at her. This illustrates the fact that nonverbal cues are sometimes ____.

ambiguous

When Kara's boss patted her on the back right after a successful project, she saw his behavior as a sign of goodwill. However when a coworker repeatedly touched her back while on the elevator with her, Kara felt uncomfortable. Kara assessed these nonverbal message by?

analyzing the context

What is the conceptual pairing of maleness as humanity in launguage?

androcentrism

Nonverbal cues are especially important to the expression of emotions because?

communicators are often more comfortable expressing their feelings nonverbally than they are stating them explicitly

When Lurene arrived for her interview, she smiled and shook hands firmly. However, during the interview she kept looking at the clock and fidgeting with her jewelry. The interviewer wasn't sure if Lurene was nervous or bored. Lurene's behaviors seem to reinforce the idea that nonverbal messages ______.

are multichannel and complex

What is usually the best way to discover what someone wants to be called?

ask them

The idea that having better listening skills leads to fewer misunderstandings and a sense of well-being for us and those we car about, demonstrates which benefit of improved listening?

better listening is linked to enhanced personal relationships

What explores the role of power in daily interactions?

cocultural theory

Darlene uses African American Vernacular English when speaking to her friends, but uses standard english when speaking at her job as a dentist. This is an example of?

code switching

If Spanish is your primary language, but you also speak English, English is considered a?

colanguage

One way to assess appropriate nonverbal communication is to check how it relates to the verbal message in terms of?

congruency

Saying "I like you" while smiling is an example of a(n) _____ message.

congruent

When developing a presentation on the topic of assisted suicide, Meghan carefully considered the interpretive meaning of the words she chose. Meghan is concerned with which component of language?

connotation

Nadia would rather engage in a debate on a topic than listen to a speech about it. She is a(n) _______ oriented listener.

content

People exhibit nonverbal behaviors all the time they are conscious, meaning that these behaviors are?

continuous

When verbal and nonverbal messages are the opposite of each other, as in the use of sarcasm, they are _____.

contradicting

When Stephen tells his son to stop making silly faces at the dinner table, but he laughs every time it happens, he is engaging in what communication?

contradictory

In the US, when someone asks you a question, you are expected to provide an answer. This is an example of?

conversational rule

Every language is embedded in a(n)?

cultural context

In many Arabic cultures, eye gaze during social interaction is more direct than is typical in the US. This is an example of ___?

cultural influences

The literal meaning of a word is also know as what?

denotative

Suggesting that a fellow student could not receive a high grade on an exam because of his lack of competency is an example of?

disconfirming message

Miranda needs Charlie to do her a favor, so she smiles to make him more receptive. She is using nonverbal behavior to?

establish social control

When you assess your reaction to a message, you are in what stage of listening?

evaluating

Which element is NOT part of an effective "I" statement?

evaluative judgement of the behavior

Which of the following communicates more than any other nonverbal behavior?

facial expressions

We use nonverbal behaviors particularly to interpret messages related to ____.

feelings, moods, and attitudes

Example of the nonverbal code known as kinesics?

gestures

Some studies show that attentive listening can actually lead to ____.

increased blood and oxygen to the brain

Which of the following is NOT considered a major influence on verbal communication?

individual attractiveness

Because they require you to pay attention to content, _____ listening skills are especially important in a college classroom.

informational

Vic was pleased to receive his nephew's graduation announcement in the mail. It listed the time, location, and date of the graduation ceremony. Which function of language does this demonstrate?

informative

If you invite some friends to dinner, the ___ function of language is being used.

instrumental

When language is used in an ___ fashion, it establishes and defines social relationships.

interactional

Your text notes that according to some scholars, not all nonverbal behavior is communicative. These scholars believe that some nonverbal behaviors can be characterized as ____.

involuntary bodily output

For college students, learning about listening is especially important because

it is their primary communication activity

The fact that many US Americans believe that blonde hair is better than brown, thin is better than fat, large breasts are better than small, and young is better than old can be attributed to?

media and advertising messages

Which type of individual is used more commonly in private settings, especially to express our individuality?

personal language

Which of the following terms is gender-neutral?

police officer

Which strategy will best increase your use of confirming communication?

practice using confirming messages

Preoccupation and boredom are examples of _____ barriers to listening.

psychological

The establishment of strict dress codes in schools supports the idea that nonverbal communication is important because it often affects ___.

public policy

If a father tells his young son that he cannot wear a dress to school, this is an example of ___?

regulating expression of identity

Which of the following is most likely to be considered an unethical nonverbal behavior?

remaining silent when someone refers to your friends with a demeaning name

The four phases of listening in the test include hearing, receiving information, constructing meaning from it, and _______.

responding to it

The Sapir-Whorf hypthesis asserts that the language people speak determines?

the way they see the world

Which of the following is a component of mindful listening?

the willingness to place your agenda lower on the priority list than the speakers

Although all groups use nonverbal communication to convey identity, who typically defines what behavior is and is not allowed to particular identities?

those with the most power

Sunli must promote one of his employees to staff manager. He decides to look for someone who has good listening skills because he knows this will help others perceive the are manager as _____?

trustworthy

A manager who continually finds a way to touch and stand very close to attractive employees, but remind at an appropriate distance from those he finds unattractive, is engaging in _____ nonverbal behavior.

unethical

Confirming communication involves messages that?

validate positive self images of others

The foundation of communication is based upon its

verbal elements

According to English professor Paul Russell, what nonverbal message is sent by the length of your driveway and the outward appearance of your home?

your socioeconomic class