COM112 final

Listening style reflected: "It might be better for you to talk to her face-to-face instead of texting."

Advising

Use of language in a way that builds and demonstrates solidarity with others

Affiliation

Listening style reflected: "That doesn't sound like a good idea."

Critical Listening

Listening style reflected: "You sound upset."

Empathizing

Seeking acceptance of others to the point of sacrificing one's own principles and happiness.

Fallacy of Approval

The belief that one should do nothing that can hurt or inconvenience others because is till be a catalyst for undesirable feelings.

Fallacy of Causation

The belief that forces beyond ones control determine satisfaction in life.

Fallacy of Helplessness

Basing a belief on a limited amount of information.

Fallacy of Overgeneralization

The belief that worthwhile communicators should be able to handle any situation with complete confidence and skill.

Fallacy of Perfection

Chronemics is the study of how people use color. Select one: True False

False

Cultures with high power difference believe in minimizing the difference between various social classes. Select one: True False

False

Empathizing when listening requires both understanding of and agreement with another person's message. Select one: True False

False

Facilitative emotions hinder or prevent effective communication. Select one: True False

False

In effective use of language, behavioral descriptions are less specific than abstract ones. Select one: True False

False

The comment "I feel as if you're trying to hurt me" is a clear statement of the speaker's feelings. Select one: True False

False

18 inches

Intimate Distance

use of language in a was that shapes how others see us or view an experience.

Naming and Identity

18 inches to 4 feet

Personal Distance

Culturally based territory surrounding each person

Personal Space

Use of language in a way that influences others and/or shows respect

Power and Politeness

Distance greater than 12 feet

Public Distance

Use of language in a way that trivializes or diminishes a particular race

Racism

4 feet to 12 feet

Social Distance

Listening style reflected: "Let's catch a movie to take your mind off this."

Supporting

According to the Stanford University lecture video, human communication patterns have been found to exist in the animal kingdom. Select one: True False

True

Communicators who adapt their talk to differing situations possess a characteristic of interpersonal effectiveness. Select one: True False

True

Linguistic differences between men and women show up online as men use more large words, nouns, and swear words than women while women use more personal pronouns, verbs, and hedges. Select one: True False

True

Mindless listening occurs when we react to others' messages automatically and routinely, without much mental investment. Select one: True False

True

One of the important guidelines for expressing emotions is the ability to recognize the difference between feeling and acting. Select one: True False

True

While it's possible to avoid verbal communication, it's impossible to stop sending nonverbal messages. Select one: True False

True

The notion that the worldview of a culture is shaped and reflected by the language its members speak is known as: Select one: a. Linguistic Relativism. b. egocentrism. c. co-cultures. d. ethnocentrism.

a. Linguistic Relativism.

Researcher Ellen Langer uses the terms _________ and _________ to describe the way that we listen Select one: a. Mindful, Mindless b. Emotional, Neutral c. Attentive, Non-attentive d. Fruitful, Non-fruitful

a. Mindful, Mindless

An increased heartbeat, a rise in blood pressure, and an increase in adrenaline secretions are all part of which emotional component? Select one: a. Physiological Changes b. Cognitive Interpretations c. Nonverbal Manifestations d. Verbal Expressions

a. Physiological Changes

Morton and Trehub's study of children's interpretation of mixed messages concluded that: Select one: a. children rely on words more than nonverbal cues for understanding. b. children rely on nonverbal cues more than words for understanding. c. children become confused when words and nonverbal cues contradicted each other. d. children are more accurate than adults at interpreting mixed messages.

a. children rely on words more than nonverbal cues for understanding.

Rather than classifying some exchanges as intercultural and others as free from cultural influences, it's more accurate to talk about: Select one: a. Degrees of Cultural Significance b. co-cultures c. Ethnicity d. high and low power distance

a. degrees of cultural significance

Nonverbal messages are best at communicating ____________. Select one: a. emotions b. ideas c. concepts d. thoughts

a. emotions

The communication strategies people use to influence how others view them is called ___________. Select one: a. impression management b. saving face c. social comparison d. privacy management

a. impression management

The person you believe yourself to be in moments of honest examination is your _____________. Select one: a. perceived self b. presenting self c. intuitive self d. public self

a. perceived self

"Netiquette" components include all of the following EXCEPT: a. respecting others' need for multi-tasking b. being mindful of bystanders c. keeping your tone civil d. balancing mediated and face time with others

a. respecting others' need for multi-tasking

Significant others are those people _____________. Select one: a. whose evaluations are especially influential to us b. whom we view as highly competent c. who were a negative force in our lives d. those with whom our "Hidden Self" window of the Johari window is largest.

a. whose evaluations are especially influential to us

Listening style reflected: "You said that you didn't do well on your presentation, and then you said that your boss asked you to give the same presentation to the stockholders. Your boss wouldn't have asked if you hadn't done well."

analyzing*

Which of the following is an equivocal reaction to this question: "How do you like this dress I just bought?" Select one: a. "Why did you pick such an unflattering style?" b. "It has an interesting design." c. "I don't like it." d. "Next time you go shopping, call me so I can help you improve your style."

b. "It has an interesting design."

Which of the following is supported by research related to how the self-concept develops? Select one: a. Self-concept is almost totally a product of social interaction. b. All that are listed are supported by research on self concept development. c. Children recognize "self" as distinct from surroundings at about age 6 or 7 months. d. Self-concept does not exist at birth.

b. All that are listed are supported by research on self concept development.

___________ cultures discourage revealing emotions which could be considered hurtful to others or negative. Select one: a. Individualist b. Collectivist c. Autonomous d. Masculine

b. Collectivist

The idea that it is often necessary to negotiate a shared meaning in order for satisfying communication to occur relates to which characteristic of the communication model. Select one: a. Channels make a difference. b. Meanings exist in and among people. c. Sending and receiving are usually simultaneous. d. Environment and noise affect communication.

b. Meanings exist in and among people.

Recognizing your ________ is an important step in minimizing debilitative emotions. Select one: a. self-concept b. activating events c. personal style d. feelings

b. activating events

The effect of something like "mood lighting" on the people working in it is an example of which type of nonverbal communication? Select one: a. luminality b. environment c. territory d. proxemics

b. environment

Race is a category originally used to explain differences between people. However, as race has little use in explaining individual differences, scholars now use the term ______________ to refer to the degree to which a person identifies with a particular group. Select one: a. ethnocentrism b. ethnicity c. in-groups d. out-groups

b. ethnicity

In the South African film, Sindiswa, a mother refuses to treat her AIDS stricken son with Western medicine. She instead chooses to use methods of her tribe even though the methods have not been successful The mother's refusal of Western medicine illustrates what concepts of culture? Select one: a. Salience b. Ethnocentrism c. Power Distance d. Ethnicity

b. ethnocentrism

Rosenthal and Jacobson's report that a change in teachers' expectations of randomly selected "special" children led to an actual change in their intellectual performance most nearly illustrates ______________. Select one: a. social comparison b. self-fulfilling prophecy c. changing self-concept d. psychological identity

b. self-fulfilling prophecy

In the Community sitcom, Senor Chang introduces himself as the Spanish teacher and tells the class, "Sometimes a student will come up to me and ask, "Why do YOU teach Spanish? -- why not math? why not martial arts?" Senor Chang is addressing what perceptual error? Select one: a. self-serving bias b. stereotyping c. fundamental Attribution error d. primacy

b. stereotyping

All of the following are characteristics of nonverbal communication except: Select one: a. nonverbal communication is ambiguous. b. the meanings of nonverbal communication are universal. c. all behavior has communicative value. d. nonverbal communication is primarily relational.

b. the meanings of nonverbal communication are universal.

Things your partner knows about you that you are unaware of.

blind self

Which response style is associated with the "less reflective/more directive" end of the listening response continuum? Select one: a. Questioning b. Evaluating c. Advising d. Paraphrasing

c. Advising

The recognition that others don't cause your feelings helps you _______________. Select one: a. share multiple emotions b. choose the best time and place for expressing your feelings c. accept responsibility for your feelings d. recognize your feelings

c. accept responsibility for your feelings

Which of the following is a contributing factor for understanding messages? Select one: a. the sound waves of the message b. The volume of the message c. knowledge about the source of the message d. the listener's hearing ability

c. knowledge about the source of the message

Monitoring self-talk is a way to ____________. Select one: a. accept responsibility for your feelings b. share multiple emotions c. minimize debilitative emotions d. speak concretely

c. minimize debilitative emotions

Euphemisms are: Select one: a. terms such as freedom, truth, and democracy. b. words that gain their meaning by making comparisons. c. pleasant words substituted for blunt ones. d. words that appear to describe but actually announce a speaker's attitude.

c. pleasant words substituted for blunt ones.

The view that self-concept can be seen as a product of the messages you've received throughout your life is known as: Select one: a. presenting self b. self-fulfilling prophecy c. reflected appraisal d. social comparison

c. reflected appraisal

Your friend sent you an instant message on Facebook and said, "No, I'm not going to the party." You couldn't tell if she was angry. Social scientists would say this is due to the message lacking ___________. Select one: a. an emoticon b. clarification c. richness d. more sentences

c. richness

Thandi Newton cites the beginning of her identity crisis as being a black atheist in a community of white catholics. Her crisis was the result of ___________________. Select one: a. Primacy Effect b. Subjective Assessment c. Social Comparison d. Image Non-management

c. social comparison

It include qualities of uniqueness, interdependence, self-disclosure, and intrinsic rewards.

characteristics of interpersonal communication

Groups of people who share values, customs, and norms related to mutual interests and characteristics AND national citizenship.

co-cultures

Cultures in which identity is based on group welfare.

collectivist culture

Messages communicate "what you mean" and "how you feel about the other person."

communication has a content and relationship dimension

Once a message has been interpreted by a receiver, it is impossible to erase the impression it has created.

communication is irreversible

Communication is a dynamic process that the participants create through their interaction with each other.

communication is transactional

The same words said the same way can mean different things each time they are said.

communication is unrepeatable

In the film "Plastic Bag" the bag seeks his maker, seeks connection with the red plastic bag, and seems to question why he was created. This film illustrates which need communication helps one fulfill? Select one: a. Social Needs b. Physiological and Social Needs c. Social Needs d. Identity and Social Needs

d. Identity and Social needs

Reflecting a speaker's thoughts, feelings, and wants is associated with which type of listening response? Select one: a. Evaluating b. Analyzing c. Advising d. Paraphrasing

d. Paraphrasing

You and your friend have an entirely different interpretation of a comment that a third friend made. This is due to ___________. Select one: a. First-order realities b. Interpretation c. Organization d. Second-order Realities

d. Second-order Realities

Bob is a project manager, and he is feeling pressure because of an impending deadline. He views time as a valuable resource and is concerned about accomplishing the project on time. Which listening style should Bob use in his next meeting? Select one: a. Critical listening b. Relational listening c. Analytical listening d. Task oriented listening

d. Task oriented listening

Proxemics is the study of how communication is: Select one: a. divided down into distances. b. equal to the level of the relationship. c. the social relationship between two or more individuals. d. affected by the use, organization, and perception of space and distance.

d. affected by the use, organization, and perception of space and distance.

An example of psychological noise is: Select one: a. loud sounds b. fatigue c. hunger d. anxiety

d. anxiety

In North American culture categories such as age, ethnicity, race, gender, sexual orientation, physical disabilities and religion are all considered ______________. Select one: a. Ethic Cultures b. Out-groups c. Nurturing Cultures d. co-cultures

d. co-cultures

In the Modern Family sitcom we viewed in class, Haley's mother Claire believes Haley and Andy went to Las Vegas to elope. Claire begins searching through email and Haley's Facebook page and interprets everything she sees as evidence that they did go to Las Vegas to get married. What perception filter is influencing Claire's interpretation of what she sees in Haley's messages and Facebook? Select one: a. self-serving bias b. primacy effect c. fundamental attribution error d. confirmation bias

d. confirmation bias

A verbal or nonverbal response to a message is: Select one: a. channel b. encoding c. noise d. feedback

d. feedback

The snickers commercial was a humorous look at how hunger affects behavior. However, if the friends were to assume the "diva" behavior was due ONLY to their friend's personality, they are committing what perceptual error? Select one: a. primacy b. over-attribution c. stereotyping d. fundamental attribution error

d. fundamental attribution error

Rules that tell us what uses and interpretations of a message are appropriate in a given context are: Select one: a. syntactic rules. b. phonological rules. c. semantic rules. d. pragmatic rules.

d. pragmatic rules.

In the Britain's Got Talent audition, Susan Boyle walks onto the stage looking plain and not "star quality." But when she begins singing, the audience and judges are shocked that she has a powerful voice. What perceptual factor contributed to the intensification of their shock that she has talent? Select one: a. recency b. self-serving bias c. halo effect d. primacy

d. primacy

Sarah and Jim are driving to a friend's house. She is about to suggest a different route when she stops herself because she knows Jim hates it when she "takes over" while he's driving. This is an example of which communication concept? Select one: a. Transactional b. messages c. communication is unrepeatable d. self-monitoring

d. self-monitoring

If you perform poorly on a task and attribute your poor performance on factors in the situation and not your ability, you are perceiving your performance through a lens of _____________. Select one: a. over-attribution b. stereotyping c. confirmation bias d. self-serving bias

d. self-serving bias

Cultural membership contributes _________________, which refers to the ways people identify who they are. Select one: a. out-group status b. in-group status c. peer group status d. social identity

d. social identity

The ability to recreate another person's perspective.

empathy

The systematic preference for characteristics of one's own culture.

ethnocentrism

Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic.

halo effect

Everything you know about yourself that you keep secret from your partner

hidden self

Cultures for which meaning is gleaned from the situation or setting.

high context culture

When an Israeli views an Arab as being evasive while the Arab views the Israeli as overly blunt, they are encountering value differences primarily associated with _______________.

high vs. low context

Stories we use to describe our personal worlds.

narratives

Everything you and your partner know about yourself

open window

Determination of causes and effects in a series of interactions.

punctuation

Information about yourself that you purposely communicate to your partner.

self-disclosure

Judging ourselves in the most generous terms possible.

self-serving bias

Use of language in a way that trivializes or diminishes a particular sex

sexism

The extent to which people refrain from engaging in unstructured, unclear, or unpredictable situations.

uncertainty avoidance

Things both you and your partner don't know about you.

unknown self