Communications Chapter 3

Listening barriers

Among obstacles to effective listening are physical and mental distractions,biases and prejudices, lack of appropriate focus and premature judgement.

Empathetic listening

the ability to feel what another person feels; feeling or perceiving something from another person's POV. A key component of interpersonal effectiveness

Active Listening

the process of putting together into some meaningful whole an understanding of a speakers total message- the verbal and the nonverbal, the content and the feelings

Responding

express support, use varied backchanneling cues, own your own response, and avoid the common problem-causing listening responses

Gender listening Differences

men and women listen differently and perhaps for different reasons.For example, women give more messages that say "I'm listening " than men. According to some theorist women use listening to show empathy and to build rapport, and men minimize listening because it puts them in a subordinate position.

Situational Listening

a view of listening holding that effective listening needs to be adjusted to the specific situation; one style of listening does not fit all forms communication

stage 4 of listening

Both listener and speaker share in the responsibility for effective listening.

Styles of effective listening

Effective listening involves a process of making adjustments-depending on the situation-along dimensions such as empathetic and objective listening, nonjudgmental and critical listening, surface and depth listening, polite and impolite listening, and active and inactive listening.

stage 3 of listening

Listening serves a variety of purposes: You listen to learn; to relate to others; to influence the attitudes, beliefs, and five-step process consisting of receiving, understanding, remembering, evaluating, and responding.

I-messages

Messages in which the speaker accepts responsibility for personal thoughts and behaviors; messages in which the speakers POV is stated explicitly

Stages of listening

Responding,Receiving,understanding, remembering, and evaluating

Paraphrasing

a restatement of another's message in your own words

recieving

When you focus attention, maintain your role, and avoid assuming you understand

Remembering

When you focus your attention, organize what you hear, unite the new with the old, and repeat names and key concepts

Disclaiming

a form of feed-forward in which you ask listeners to hear you favorably and without bias/

Assimilation

a process of distortion in which we reconstruct messages to make them conform to our own attitudes, prejudices, needs, and values.

Listening

an active process of receiving messages sent orally, this process consists of 5 stages: Responding,Receiving,understanding, remembering, and evaluating

Evaluating

assume that the speaker is a person of goodwill and distinguish facts from opinions

Cultural listening differences

culture influences listening in a variety of ways. contributing to listening difficulties are cultural differences in language and speech, nonverbal behaviors, and feedback.

Backchanneling cues

listener responses to a speaker that do not ask for the speaking role.

stage 1 of listening

listening is crucial to success in a wide range of professions and in personal relationships.

stage 2 of listening

listening may be defined as "the process of receiving, constructing meaning from and responding to spoken and/or nonverbal messages.

memory

listening responses that let a speaker know that you're paying attention

Understanding

when you relate, see the speakers messages from the speakers POV, and rephrase/paraphrase