Community Health Midterm
Who achieved widespread recognition during the Civil War, distributing supplies to wounded soldiers and caring for the casualties with the help of a team of nurses? A) Clara Barton B) Dorothea Dix C) Lemuel Shattuck D) Lillian Wald
A Civil war think Clara barton
Which industry has the highest number of fatal injuries? A) Agriculture B) Construction C) Mining D) Transportation
D
The occupational health nurse works in facility located in a region that is highly prone to tornadoes. Which intervention should the nurse make sure is included in the facility's emergency plan to address this potential threat? A) A shelter-in-place policy and procedure B) Personal protective equipment C) Evacuation drills D) Decontamination procedures
A
A line operator in a manufacturing facility comes in to the on-site clinic reporting numbness in his hands after excessive exposure to the toxin benzene. Applying the epidemiologic triad to this scenario, which is the host? A) Line operator B) Manufacturing facility C) Benzene D) Hands
A
A woman mentions that her 6-month-old son has demonstrated some odd behavior. She thinks it might be related to autism. She asks what age would be best to have screening done on the child. The nurse should respond: A) Now, as an infant B) When the child begins to walk C) When the child is preschool-aged D) When the child starts school
A
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, how many workers in all industries, including state and local governments, had a reportable injury or illness in 2011? A) 3.8 of 100 B) 4.2 of 100 C) 5.8 of 100 D) 6.2 of 100
A
Primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of prevention help reduce risk, identify and limit disabilities, and reduce complications of mental health problems. Which exemplifies a primary prevention strategy for mental health problems? A) Educate families and community groups about mental health issues, symptoms of stress, and barriers to seeking help B) Screen for mental health disorders C) Promote support groups for people with mental health disorders D) Initiate health-promotion activities as a part of rehabilitation services
A
Public health nursing is distinguished from other specialties by adherence to eight principles. Which is one of the eight domains of public health nursing practice? A) Analytic assessment skills B) Investigation of disease C) Referral and follow-up D) Case management
A
The community health nurse addresses cyber bullying in the local middle schools. Currently, there are no policies in place for this issue. The most appropriate first step is to: A) Explore current programs to prevent bullying and youth violence B) Develop rules for acceptable and safe use of all electronic media for all students C) Ban use of the Internet at all schools D) Actively monitor students' social media postings
A
The nurse examines a client who is taking haloperidol for schizophrenia and notices that she habitually twists her tongue and arms. This side effect of her medication is known as: A) Tardive dyskinesia B) Akathisia C) Dystonia D) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
A
The occupational health nurse for a hydroelectric plant uses root cause analysis to investigate a recent accidental electrocution of a plant worker. The nurse currently is defining the characteristics of the case. In which step of the root cause analysis is the nurse? A) Define the problem B) Collect data C) Identify possible causal factors D) Identify the root cause
A
Which injury has the highest incidence rate among occupational injuries and illnesses that result in days away from work? A) Sprains B) Broken bones C) Cuts D) Carpal tunnel syndrome
A
The nurse assesses a 7-year-old girl who has had problems at school lately with her behavior and mood. On the basis of the description provided by the child's mother, the nurse suspects either attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or bipolar disorder may be involved. Which behaviors— when occurring in all spheres of the child's life—would most strongly suggest ADHD rather than bipolar disorder in this client? A) Hyperactivity and impulsivity B) Mood and anxiety symptoms C) Irritability and impulsivity D) Anxiety and hyperactivity
A In children with ADHD, hyperactivity and impulsivity are evident in all spheres of the child's life.
At what age are prodromal assessment symptoms of bipolar disorder typically evident? A) Younger than 3 years of age B) Younger than 6 years of age C) Younger than 9 years of age D) Younger than 12 years of age
A In most cases, the prodromal symptoms of bipolar disorder are evident when the child is younger than 3 years of age.
In researching the problem of homelessness in the city, the nurse discovers that the number of mentally ill homeless has steadily grown over the past couple of decades. The biggest reason for this trend is: A) Deinstitutionalization B) An increase in the prevalence of major mental illness C) Economic downturns D) Shortages of affordable housing
A The goal of deinstitutionalization is to replace state hospitals with smaller group homes, half-way houses, or other supported living arrangements that integrate, rather than separate, the chronic mentally ill in the community.
On the basis of the eight recommended components of a comprehensive school health program, which should be included in a K-12 health education curriculum? (Select all that apply.) A) Consumer health education B) Environmental health education C) Sexuality education D) Nutrition counseling E) Physical development activities
A , B , C , D
Personal responsibility for health involves active participation in one's own health through education and lifestyle changes. Which exemplify personal responsibility? (Select all that apply.) A) Reviewing one's own medical records B) Monitoring the positive and negative effects of prescription and over-the-counter medications C) Avoiding tobacco and recreational drug use D) Showing up for scheduled tests and procedures E) Eating the types of foods one most enjoys
A , B , C , D
Which data are tracked under epidemiologic workplace surveillance? (Select all that apply.) A) Injuries B) Illness C) Hazards D) Exposures E) Productivity
A , B , C , D
Which services are reimbursable by Medicaid? (Select all that apply.) A) Speech/language therapy and evaluations B) Occupational therapy and evaluations C) Physical therapy and evaluations D) Nutrition screening and evaluations E) Allergy testing and evaluations
A , B , C ,E
Which exemplify biological hazards? (Select all that apply.) A) Contaminated body fluids B) Poisonous plants C) Diesel exhaust D) Venomous snakes E) Aerosols
A , B , D
A nurse is caring for an older client who is struggling to manage her type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which social determinants of this client's health? (Select all that apply.) A) Household income of $23,000 per year B) Reading level of a third grader C) Medication ineffective due to error in prescription D) Originally from Sudan E) No family in the area
A , B , D , E
Which strategies have been shown successful for preventing adolescent pregnancy? (Select all that apply.) A) Responsible sexual behavior education B) Abstinence education C) Mandated religious education on sex practices D) Contraceptive counseling E) Confidential reproductive service
A , B , D , E
An elementary school student comes to school nurse's office reporting a headache. The nursing assessment begins by gathering which subjective data? (Select all that apply.) A) Where it hurts on the child's head B) Whether the pain is constant, throbbing, or intermittent C) What the child's temperature is on arrival D) How bad the pain is on a scale of 1 to 10 E) The presence of a bruise on the child's forehead
A , B ,D
The school nurse at a public high school recently noticed an increase in students smoking before and after school. Using the community school model to reduce tobacco use among your students, which interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) A) Starting an after-school tobacco cessation program with the assistance of local representatives of the American Cancer Society B) Having a local clinical oncologist speak at a PTA meeting about the hazards of tobacco use among children C) Confronting groups of students while they are smoking with information regarding the school's smoking policy and the dangers of smoking D) Promoting the community's "great smoke-out" smoking cessation event each year E) Encouraging the school's administration to designate a single smoking area outside to limit nonsmokers' exposure to the smoke
A , B ,D
Which common problems should a school nurse be prepared to identify in students? (Select all that apply.) A) Vision impairment B) Malignant melanoma C) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) D) Scoliosis E) Need for orthodontia
A , C , D
The occupational health nurse is a member of the emergency planning committee in the workplace. The nurse is helping to formulate an emergency plan for the facility. Which key components should the nurse include in the emergency plan? (Select all that apply.) A) Alarms B) Phones C) Reporting D) Communication E) Evacuation
A , C , D , E
The nurse assesses a 12-year-old boy who has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Which behaviors should the nurse most expect to observe in this child? (Select all that apply.) A) Irritability B) Distractibility C) Screaming D) Rage episodes E) Sleep disturbances
A , C , D , E children diagnosed with bipolar disorder have a predominance of mood symptoms such as irritability, sleep disturbances, and anxiety.
A newly hired health promotion specialist works at a meat-processing facility. The specialist is in charge of developing a program that encourages a balance among work, family, personal, health, and psychosocial concerns. Which components are appropriate to include in this program? (Select all thatapply.) A) Signage that demonstrates safe lifting techniques B) Free screening for HIV C) Diagnosis of potentially malignant skin lesions D) Clinic on proper use of safety goggles and other equipment E) Monitoring of noise levels within the facility
A , D , E
The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (YRBSS) outlines common risk behaviors influencing the health of the nation's youth. Which risk factors are included on this survey? (Select all that apply.) A) Unintentional injury B) Sports-related trauma C) Sleep deprivation D) Sexual behaviors E) Alcohol use
A , D , E
The nurse teaches about medication to a client who has just been diagnosed with schizophrenia. The psychiatrist has prescribed clozapine to the client. The primary adverse effect that the nurse should mention is: A) Hypoglycemia B) The metabolic syndrome C) Weight loss D) Dystonia
B
The nurse works with a client who has just been diagnosed with schizophrenia. While discussing the various medication options for this disorder, the nurse explains that some have been associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. The client explains that she is already at risk for developing diabetes and would like to avoid any medications that might promote the disease. On the basis of this information, which medication should this client most avoid? A) Haloperidol B) Olanzapine C) Fluphenazine D) Ziprasidone
B
A high school graduate has decided to pursue a career in public health nursing. Which represents the minimum educational credential that this student will need to obtain entry into public health nursing practice? A) Associate's B) Baccalaureate C) Master's D) Doctorate
B
Being a school nurse requires which combination of practice type and decision making? A) Collaborative practice and interdependent decision making B) Autonomous practice and independent decision making C) Collaborative practice and dependent decision making D) Autonomous practice and interdependent decision making
B
Demographic characteristics indicate that people in developed countries are living longer, healthier lives, yet tremendous health and social disparities exist. Which describes social determinants of health? A) What society does collectively to ensure the conditions exist in which people can be healthy B) Social conditions in which people live and work C) Context of preventing disease and disability and promoting and protecting the health of the entire community D) Comprehensive management of health information and its secure exchange between consumers, providers, government and quality entities, and insurers
B
The identification of parental age as a potential risk factor in autism raises the issue that lifetime exposure to environmental toxins might damage the sperm and the ovum. Research findings suggest that the risk of autism in relation to age of the parent at the time of the child's birth is increased by: A) 30% if the father is older than 40 years B) 30% if the mother is older than 35 years C) 40% if the father is older than 35 years D) 40% if the mother is older than 40 years
B
The nurse assesses a client who recently attempted suicide by prescription drug overdose. Based on knowledge of a recent study of the findings of the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey, what is the most important risk factor to assess for in this client? A) Substance abuse B) Major depressive disorder C) Social isolation D) Chronic pain
B
The nurse is locating populations in her region who are exposed to lead-based paint and providing them with information regarding the dangers of lead poisoning. This is an example of which public health intervention? A) Surveillance B) Outreach C) Screening D) Case management
B
The occupational health nurse for a computer manufacturer is required to conduct a physical examination of each new hire. The rationale for this action is to: A) Screen for cardiac defects the worker may be unaware of. B) Ensure the worker's fitness for the job. C) Determine possible causes of the worker's chief complaint. D) Provide a baseline for future comparison. E) Determine the worker's eligibility for the company health insurance plan.
B
The school nurse works with a 12-year-old girl who is obese and has type 2 diabetes. As client advocate, which would be most appropriate nursing action? A) Scold the client when she buys a soda from a vending machine at school. B) Schedule a conference with the client's parents to discuss how to collaboratively manage her blood glucose level and encourage her to select appropriate foods in the cafeteria for lunch. C) Perform a finger stick and check the client's blood glucose level when she reports feeling weak and dizzy one day. D) Weigh the client each week in the office to help track her weight and hold her accountable to her weight loss goals.
B
Which individual health assessment would a school nurse most likely perform? A) Immunization check B) Assessment of a playground injury C) Vision screening D) Height and weight measurements
B
Which is one of the most important strategies recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for reducing the spread of HIV? A) Excluding students from school who have symptoms of sexually transmitted infections B) Routinely screening all adolescents and adults aged 13 to 64 C) Requiring parents to take their adolescent children who have sexually transmitted infections for treatment D) Keeping detailed records of all new cases of sexually transmitted infections in people aged 15 to 24 years
B
Which of the eight recommended components of a comprehensive school health program should include the physical, emotional, and social conditions that affect the well-being of students and staff? A) Family/community involvement B) Healthy and safe school environment C) Counseling and psychology services D) Health promotion for staff
B
Which organization publishes and articulates the essentials of public health nursing, including the activities and accountabilities that are characteristics of practice at all levels and settings? A) Association of Community Health Nurse Educators (ACHNE) B) American Nurses Association (ANA) C) American Public Health Association (APHA) D) Association of State and Territorial Directors of Nursing (ASTDN)
B
Why has there been an increase in the number of acute and chronically ill people residing in the community who need professional nursing care? A) Shorter length of stay in long-term care facilities B) Increase in ambulatory surgery C) Decrease in the use of outpatient clinics D) Increase in length of stay in emergency departments
B
Why is there an increasing use of home monitoring devices? (Select all that apply.) A) Rising number of people with acute conditions B) Increased need to deliver healthcare to medically underserved populations C) Advances in technology to assess clients' conditions in their home D) Performing assessments in real time using Internet video systems E) Decline in the number of older adults
B
he occupational and environmental health nurse faces many different practice issues every day and can function comfortably in roles as a clinician, coordinator, and case manager following company procedures, using assessment checklists and clinical protocols to provide treatment. At which American Association of Occupational Health Nurses (AAOHN) competency level in occupational and environmental health nursing is this nurse functioning? A) Advanced beginner B) Competent C) Proficient D) Expert
B
Select the great public health achievements in the United States in the 20th century. (Select all that apply.) A) Elimination of common infectious diseases B) Recognition of tobacco as a health hazard C) Fluoridation of drinking water D) Healthier mothers and babies E) Decline in the percentage of obese and overweight people
B , C , D
The occupational health nurse for an electronics factory compiles an occupational health history for each worker. Which should be included? (Select all that apply.) A) Location of facility exits and entries B) Chronological record of all past work and potential exposures C) An occupational exposure inventory D) List of exposures in the home or community E) Availability of emergency equipment
B , C , D
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends which methods for improving the food environments of school-aged children and adolescents? (Select all that apply.) A) Preserving social norms of adolescents B) School-based prevention C) Policy and regulatory strategies D) Strategic use of media E) Coordination of statewide and local activities
B , C , D , E
Which health education interventions are appropriate for the school nurse to perform? (Select all that apply.) A) Teaching faculty members how to assess their students for upper respiratory illnesses B) Teaching a student how and when to use her EpiPen C) Teaching a 6th-grade class about the consequences of cyber bullying D) Counseling a student about tobacco use E) Teaching a group of students with eating disorders about a healthy view of food
B , C , D , E
The nurse performs an assessment of a client with schizophrenia. Which comorbid health conditions should the nurse most expect to find in this client? (Select all that apply.) A) Osteoarthritis B) Obesity C) Hypertension D) Breast cancer E) Cardiac complications
B , C , E
Which core functions of the government address the health of its citizens? (Select all that apply.) A) Providing healthcare directly to its citizens B) Assessing healthcare problems C) Developing healthcare policy that provides access to services D) Building state-of-the-art hospitals E) Ensuring delivery of healthcare services and achievement of desired outcomes
B , C , E
Which actions exemplify the school nurse's role as a child advocate? (Select all that apply.) A) Injecting a child with her EpiPen during an anaphylactic reaction to peanuts B) Convincing the cafeteria manager to include low-sugar options in the lunch menu for students with diabetes C) Taking the temperature of a child who is exhibiting signs of an upper respiratory infection D) Teaching a child who has recently been diagnosed with asthma how to use an inhaler E) Instructing a group of faculty members on the proper way to respond to a child having an epileptic seizure in class
B , D , E
Who prepared a report for the Massachusetts Sanitary Commission that pointed out that much of the ill health and disability in American cities in 1850 could be traced to unsanitary conditions? A) Clara Barton B) Dorothea Dix C) Lemuel Shattuck D) Lillian Wald
C
A nurse successfully persuades an obese client to perform a weekly weigh-in at home using a digital scale and record the weight in a log. This strategy is an example of: A) Telehealth B) Health information technology C) Personal responsibility for health D) Evidence-based nursing
C
In which phase of a school-based substance abuse program is information most likely to have meaning and applicability to students? A) Inoculation B) Primary C) Early relevance D) Tertiary
C
Public health nursing is distinguished from other specialties by adherence to eight principles. Which is one of the eight domains of public health nursing practice? A) Policy development and individual planning skills B) Individual dimensions of practice skills C) Financial planning and management skills D) Leadership and individual critical thinking skills
C
The history of school nursing can be traced back to 1902, when Lillian Wald was working in a New York City public school. She viewed school nursing services as a way to decrease which problem? A) Nutrition deficiencies B) Dental cavities C) Excessive absenteeism D) Seasonal allergies
C
The nurse assesses a client who recently immigrated to the United States from Haiti. The client reports upset stomach and diarrhea. He explains that a witch doctor put a curse on him and that he sometimes sees evil spirits around him. The most accurate way to describe this type of illness would be as a: A) Mental illness B) Gastrointestinal disorder C) Culture-bound syndrome D) Hypochondria
C
The nurse is speaking with a 14-year-old client who has attempted suicide by cutting his wrists in the past. How would the nurse implement a means-restriction approach to suicide prevention in this case? A) Teach the client to block out all thoughts of self-harm as soon as they arise B) Encourage the client to seek out counseling C) Suggest to the client's parents that they lock up all sharp knives in the house D) Recommend to the client's parents that the client be under constant surveillance
C
Which exemplifies a physical hazard? A) Infectious agents B) Hazardous drug and toxin exposures C) Electric and magnetic fields D) Sexual harassment
C
Which is a Healthy People 2020 goal? A) Decrease the incidence of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death B) Reduce health inequity, decrease disparities, and improve the health of certain groups C) Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all D) Promote healthy development and healthy behaviors for the geriatric stage of life
C
Which occurred as a result of the passage of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act in 1975? A) Children with disabilities were provided tax-funded tutors for home education. B) Children with mental disabilities were entitled to a tax-funded education at a special education private school. C) Children with chronic or complex medical issues were entitled to a public education. D) Children with physical disabilities were provided grants to attend the college of their choice.
C
Which was a duty performed by district nurses in Liverpool, England, in 1865? A) Use epidemiologic knowledge and methods B) Encourage community organization C) Report facts to and ask questions of physicians D) Assist physicians with surgery in the newly constructed hospitals
C
Public health nursing is distinguished from other specialties by adherence to eight principles. Which are domains of public health nursing practice? (Select all that apply.) A) Intuitive assessment skills B) Community organization skills C) Communication skills D) Cultural competency skills E) Product marketing skills
C , D
A newly hired health and safety officer works for a large manufacturing facility. One of the officer's first jobs is to conduct a complete survey of the workplace to determine what hazards are present, the location of entries and exits, the availability of emergency equipment, and potential trouble spots. Which interventions should the officer implement to accomplish this goal? A) Ergonomics B) Occupational health history C) Root cause analysis D) Workplace walk-through
D
A nurse is coordinating a plan to bring vaccinations in a cost-effective way to a rural community that currently lacks access to them. This is an example of which public health intervention? A) Surveillance B) Outreach C) Screening D) Case management
D
A nurse performs a variety of tasks as part of the nurse's position at a hospital. Which task best exemplifies public health? A) Reading current nursing journals and integrating the latest research into daily practice B) Instructing a client on how to best care for a suture site at home C) Participating in a videoconference call with a client who lives in a remote area D) Facilitating a community-wide smoking cessation program one month out of the year
D
Epidemiologic studies are essential to target programs to populations in greatest need. To help measure progress toward improving mental health, which is a primary focus of epidemiological studies? A) Physical costs B) Emotional costs C) Mental costs D) Social costs
D
On the basis of the understanding of demographic risk factors related to mental illness, which individual would be most likely to have an untreated psychiatric disorder? A) 50-year-old Caucasian man B) 35-year-old Korean woman C) 12-year-old Hispanic girl D) 18-year-old African-American man
D
Primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of prevention help reduce risk, identify and limit disabilities, and reduce complications of mental health problems. Which exemplifies a tertiary prevention strategy for mental health problems? A) Screen for mental health disorders B) Refer high-risk people for diagnostic services C) Provide mental health services following stressful community events D) Promote support groups for people with mental health disorders
D
The nurse works with a client who was just diagnosed with major depression. Which would the nurse most suspect will be prescribed as the first line of treatment for this client? A) Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) B) Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) C) Stimulant D) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
D
The occupational and environmental health nurse provides leadership in developing occupational safety and health policy within the organization and function in an upper management role. The nurse has served as a consultant to both business and government and has designed and conducted significant research. At which American Association of Occupational Health Nurses (AAOHN) competency level in occupational and environmental health nursing is this nurse functioning? A) Advanced beginner B) Competent C) Proficient D) Expert
D
The school nurse is concerned about the lack of nutritional choices available in the food vending machines at the school. Which is the best tool to address this situation? A) Food-Safe Schools Action Guide B) Health Education Curriculum Analysis Tool C) Improving the Health of Adolescents and Young Adults: A Guide for States and Communities D) Making It Happen!
D
There is substantial variation in the incidence of mood disorders and suicide across cultures worldwide. The two most consistent factors associated with the incidence of depression and anxiety are: A) Number of parents in the home and education level B) Degree of social support and employment status C) Number of parents in the home and degree of social support D) Education level and employment status
D
Which is the most appropriate intervention to use in a school-based substance abuse program? A) Integrating students' goals with those of a prevention program B) Assessing the needs and interests of the group carefully after selecting a program C) Designing a program that is knowledge based D) Designing an interactive, behavior-focused program
D
Which mental illness is most likely to go untreated? A) Anxiety B) Bipolar disorder C) Depression D) Alcoholism
D
The school nurse follows up with a third grader who was recently diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to make sure that he takes his prescribed medication. What type of medication would the nurse most suspect this client is taking? A) First-generation antipsychotic B) Second-generation antipsychotic C) Mood stabilizer D) Stimulant
D The pharmacologic treatment for ADHD is stimulants