comp exam

A man with narcissistic personality disorder attends a cocktail party with his wife. The man is MOST likely to be concerned about which of the following?

How his wife reflects on him.

A female social worker discovers that her new client, a 35-year-old male, has a lot of difficulty trusting women. Which action should the social worker take first in this situation?

Ask the client if he thinks her gender might affect their work together.

Based on the initial evaluation of a 15-year-old boy, a social worker believes that the nature and number of his symptoms suggest a DSM-5 diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), predominantly inattentive presentation. Before assigning the diagnosis, the social worker will want to confirm that some symptoms were present before the boy was _____ years of age and that he exhibits them in at least _____ settings.

12; two

A female social worker discovers that her new client, a 35-year-old man, has a lot of difficulty trusting women. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Ask the client if he thinks her gender might affect their work together.

The client is a young woman who is a recent immigrant from El Salvador. The client discovered a week ago that her mother, who is still in El Salvador, is seriously ill. Two days after getting this news, the client began crying, trembling, and shouting uncontrollably while at the grocery store. The client's behavior is MOST likely attributable to which of the following?

A cultural syndrome

The client is a 25-year-old man with severe schizophrenia who has not been responding to the traditional antipsychotic medication he has been taking. Under the circumstances, his psychiatrist is MOST likely to recommend which of the following medications?

Clozaril.

Which of the following children is MOST likely to have been sexually abused?

A 7 year old who frequently masturbates at school.

Which of the following BEST describes a "functional community"?

A category of people who share common goals, purposes, and professional interests.

During the final therapy session with a client who is a stockbroker, the social worker asks the client for advice on how to become a stockbroker. What does this illustrate?

A dual relationship

A client has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Her family asks the social worker about the client's prognosis. In response, the social worker could tell them that a better prognosis for individuals with schizophrenia is associated with which of the following?

A family history of a mood disorder, a later age of onset, and female gender.

A child is removed from his home because he is severely neglected by his parents. The court appoints an attorney to represent the child, investigate the family's situation, and make a recommendation to the court as to what would be in the child's best interests in terms of his placement. The attorney appointed by the court is serving as which of the following in this case?

A guardian ad litem.

A child with oppositional defiant disorder is LEAST likely to exhibit which of the following?

A high degree of physical aggression toward peers

The management philosophy of an agency reflects a "Theory Y" approach. Consequently, one would expect to find which of the following in the agency?

A high degree of self-direction on the part of staff.

A client, age 22, recently graduated from college and landed a job at a company in her hometown. She lived at home while in school and has just moved into her own apartment. She's feeling anxious and worried that she'll fail at her job; she's already made a couple of mistakes that her supervisor chalked up to inexperience. The client worries that she might just be bad at her job. Her parents call her almost every day wanting updates on her life, and she's feeling like they don't want her to grow up. She's their only child, and they often say they miss having her at home. The client says she feels like crying all the time and doesn't know if she can cope with being an adult. This information suggests that the client is MOST likely experiencing which of the following?

A maturational crisis

Which of the following BEST describes the collaborative care model?

A model that involves the addition of behavioral (mental) health or allied health care professionals to provide auxiliary services in a primary care setting.

A social worker is conducting a first interview with a client who was recently mugged in a parking garage late at night. The client says that she should not have gone into the parking garage by herself at night. To reflect this statement, the social worker could say which of the following?

A part of you feels responsible for what happened.

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding participation in a research study?

A social worker who is providing therapeutic services to a client and who is collecting and analyzing data on that clients progress is not required to obtain consent.

A client with alcohol use disorder has been very motivated to quit drinking and has not had any alcohol for three weeks. One night the client drinks several beers. What is the most likely reason for this?

A stressful event upset the client

A social worker engaged in macro practice helps bring together several groups in his community to discuss relevant issues and work toward achieving a goal. What strategy has he used?

Coalition building.

A social worker wants to develop a new play therapy program at her practice for children who have experienced trauma. What should be her FIRST step in developing this program?

Define the desired results for the children who participate in the play therapy program

As described in the DSM-5, the characteristic symptoms of substance use disorder can be categorized in terms of which of the following

Impaired control, social impairment, risky use, and pharmacological criteria.

A client was date-raped a week ago. When would it be MOST appropriate to refer this client to a support group?

When the acute trauma reaction has subsided.

A social worker has started working in family therapy with a Mexican American family. After meeting with the family three times at her office, she visits their home to complete her assessment. The mother has prepared a meal and asks the social worker to eat with the family. What is the BEST way for the social worker to respond?

Accept the invitation to share the meal.

A social worker opens a private practice office in a community that includes both low-income residents and affluent residents. What is the BEST way for the social worker to set the fee for his services?

According to each clients ability to pay

A social worker's 43-year-old client discloses that he is attracted to his 8-year-old niece and has been having sexual fantasies about her. The social worker is shocked and deeply disturbed when she hears this, so much so that her reaction (i.e., body language that conveys shock and revulsion) is clearly visible to the client. What should the social worker do about her reaction?

Acknowledge it and emphasize that it was a reaction to the client's disclosure and not to the client as a person.

A social worker is beginning therapy with a 25-year-old transgender female who recently started hormone therapy. The client asks for help dealing effectively with peoples reactions to her transition. She also reports feeling very anxious lately. Which action should the social worker take FIRST in approaching this case?

Acknowledge that feeling anxious in these circumstances is common but let the client know you will clarify the source of her anxiety symptoms by consulting with her doctor.

A client has completed her treatment goals and is ready to terminate treatment. During her final session with the social worker, the client abruptly says that she has other problems she wants to work on. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Acknowledge the anxiety that normally accompanies termination.

A social worker is meeting for the first time with a new client, a Gulf War I veteran who uses a wheelchair. He has paraplegia. In making the appointment over the phone, the client said that he wanted to work on feelings of depression and improve his relationships, but didn't mention his disability at all. What should the social worker do with regard to raising the topic of the client's disability?

Acknowledge the client's disability and ask him if he thinks it plays any role in his presenting problem.

in a cross-cultural counseling situation, the social worker should do which of the following to facilitate the development of rapport?

Acknowledge the cultural difference to the client.

A social worker has been doing play therapy with a 6-year-old girl. The girl begins to cry during a session and says wants to leave because she's scared. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Acknowledge the girls fear and ask the mother to join them in the playroom for a little while.

A social worker has been working for several months with a 25-year-old woman who has mild intellectual disability and lives in a group home in the community. The social worker learns that the woman's physician has committed her to a psychiatric facility over the weekend. The next day, the social worker attends a team meeting at the psychiatric facility concerning the woman's admission. What should be the social worker's priority at this meeting?

Advocate on behalf of his client.

A social worker has been providing case management services to a 40-year-old client who was injured at work many years ago and has suffered on and off from major depression. Lately, the client has been feeling somewhat depressed. In the current session, he tells the social worker that he just found out that his disability benefits, which he's been receiving for many years, are stopping. He doesn't understand why. What should the social worker do?

Advocate on behalf of the client.

Which of the following personality characteristics has most consistently shown gender differences in children?

Aggression.

Which of the following combinations of drugs, taken at the same time, is considered the MOST lethal?

Alcohol and barbiturates

Which of the following is NOT included as an alcohol-related disorder in the DSM-5?

Alcohol dependence

A school social worker meets regularly with a high school student who suffers from extreme test anxiety. Which of the following is a mindfulness-based approach that might help the student reduce her stress levels before her next exam?

All of the above

Which of the following is a way to implement trauma-informed care practice within a service agency?

All of the above (Install blinds on the windows to the entrance of the building to ensure client privacy, Conduct a staff training on the effects of adverse childhood experiences, Engage clients in determining discussion topics for group therapy sessions)

A social worker is conducting the first interview with a client who recently divorced her husband. When the social worker mentions the divorce, the client becomes uncomfortable and begins talking about the problems she is having with her school-age son. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Allow the client to continue talking about her son if she is not ready yet to talk about her divorce.

A court-ordered client shows up to meet with a social worker. He tells the social worker he does not want to participate in treatment and refuses to sign informed consent. What is the BEST response by the social worker?

Allow the client to refuse treatment

A client is in individual therapy with a social worker to get help adapting to increased stress in her life after a job promotion. Without calling to cancel, the client doesn't show up for a therapy session. Although the client has never done this before, the social worker is upset. What technique should the social worker use to address this issue with the client?

An I-statement.

An African American man, age 30, comes to see a social worker to discuss ways of dealing with stress. During the first interview, the client is aloof and reluctant to talk to the social worker. The research suggests that it would be MOST appropriate for the social worker to interpret the client's behavior as reflecting which of the following?

An active effort to evaluate her

In which of the following situations would a social worker be LEAST justified if she were to breach the client's confidentiality?

An adult client confesses to her a crime that he committed six months ago.

A 26-year-old client complains of low self-esteem and feelings of shame about behaviors he engaged in while he was a student in college. The client appears nervous in the interview, but he is able to carry on a conversation and his affect is appropriate. What does "appropriate affect" refer to?

An emotional tone that matches the idea, thought, or topic that one is describing.

A conflict between trust and mistrust is MOST likely to be apparent in which of the following?

a 6 monld old who is fearful of a new babysitter.

A social worker is working in individual therapy with a 10-year-old child who has been placed in foster care due to neglect at home. This disruption has been difficult for the child and she's worried about her parents' well-being. The child asks the social worker what will happen in the future and whether she will ever go back to her parents' home. How should the social worker respond to this child's questions?

Answer her as honestly as he can, with the facts as he knows them.

A hospital social worker meets with a man whose wife was diagnosed with cancer a month ago. The man has been told that his wife's prognosis is very poor. He came to the hospital emergency room tonight complaining of acute pain. The doctors treated his pain with medication and then referred him to the social worker because he couldn't stop crying. The social worker believes that the man is experiencing grief. Specifically, the man is MOST likely experiencing which of the following?

Anticipatory grief.

Which of the following diagnoses cannot be given to an individual who is under the age of 18 years?

Antisocial personality disorder.

A gay client reaches out to shake hands with his social worker at the end of a session. As a general policy, the social worker doesn't shake hands with or otherwise touch her clients, so she is caught off guard by the client's action and hesitates before shaking his hand. The next time they meet, the client accuses the social worker of being homophobic because she was reluctant to shake his hand. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Apologize and explain her policy to the client

The client is a divorced woman with one young child. Her husband deserted her over a year ago. The client was employed as an assistant buyer for a small manufacturing company, but lost her job two months ago when the company went bankrupt. Since that time, she has stayed home with her son. She reports being a little depressed and very anxious about her failure to find a new job because she is the sole source of support for her son. She has come in to get advice on how to handle her stress because she's concerned that she might become a bad mother. What would be the BEST way for the social worker to help this client manage her stress?

Arrange for her to join a support group for single mothers so that she can share her fears, reduce her isolation, and do some practical networking.

During an interview, a client who has HIV disease experiences a referential delusion and displays flat affect. The client has a history of moderate to heavy substance use and has been using alcohol on a regular basis for several weeks. He is estranged from his family due to his HIV diagnosis. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Arrange for the client to be stabilized on psychiatric medication.

A social worker has been working with a client at an inpatient psychiatric facility, serving as part of his multidisciplinary treatment team. After several months, the client's condition improves, and it is determined that he can go home. Before being discharged, the client asks the social worker if it's OK to stop taking his medication after he leaves the facility. How should the social worker respond?

Arrange for the client to meet with his psychiatrist to discuss this

In the initial interview, a client claims that has been selected by God to save the planet from destruction. She insists that God talks to her and has said that he will visit her soon to give her instructions. The social worker's FIRST step in assessing this client should be which of the following?

Arrange to gather information from collaterals

A social worker is meeting with a family that includes a father, mother, and 15-year-old daughter. The daughter has developmental disabilities, and her parents report that she has recently started to approach strangers in public places and touch them. What is the BEST intervention in this case?

Arrange to work in conjunction with the social worker at the girls school to develop her social skills.

During the second session with an Asian-American social worker, an African American client says that he would prefer to see an African American therapist. What would be the MOST appropriate way for the social worker to interpret the client's request?

As a function of racial identity.

A hospital social worker meets with a patient who, one month ago, suffered a serious accident at work that left him paralyzed from the waist down. The doctors have told the patient that his chances of walking again are limited but the patient still believes that he will walk again and that everything will return to normal soon. How should the social worker conceptualize this patient's attitude?

As healthy denial that is helping the patient process the trauma in a more gradual way

A couple has sought counseling because they want help improving their relationship. During the first interview, the husband is extremely critical of the wife. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Ask the husband to repeat his remarks, then examine them along with the couple.

During a session, a 15-year-old therapy client says, "This guy has been stalking me." She then begs the social worker to keep this information from her parents because she's afraid that they'll get mad and think she somehow provoked the behavior. What should the social worker do FIRST in this situation?

Assess the situation further to determine what the client needs

The personnel policies of a social agency usually address all of the following EXCEPT:

Assignment of day-to-day work activities.

In their first session, a middle-aged couple reports that their primary reason for seeking help is that they're concerned about their 20-year-old daughter: They believe that she uses drugs; she has lost weight, looks tired, and has been uncharacteristically irritable and jumpy. The daughter has admitted to them that her boyfriend uses drugs, including cocaine, but has repeatedly insisted that she is drug-free. She attends a local community college and no longer lives at home. Her parents tried to convince her to come to therapy with them but she refused. The parents tell the social worker that they have no idea how to help their daughter. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Assist the clients to define the problem and their goals for treatment.

An adult client reports difficulty sleeping, a generally anxious mood, and a sense of feeling helpless and lost. The client has been married for 10 years and has two children, a 7 year old and a 5 year old. The client talks freely about her children but says very little about her husband, other than that he is "moody." She says her symptoms are fairly long-standing, and when questioned, says quickly that she can't really connect them to any event in her life. She remarks that her husband tells her all the time that she just has a "weak character." After ruling out the possibility that the client is thinking about suicide, the social worker refers her for physical evaluations which reveal that she doesn't have any medical condition that could account for her symptoms, and she doesn't use any substances at all. What should the social worker do NEXT?

Attempt to see the couple together to assess their communication and interaction patterns including how they handle conflict.

A social worker is sued by a former client who is alleging that the social worker's therapeutic methods harmed him. The social worker receives a deposition notice informing her of an upcoming deposition that is part of the lawsuit. What should the social worker do?

Attend the deposition.

The client is a teenage boy who has been experimenting with drugs and sexual behavior. The boy recently tied a plastic bag over his head. Based on this information, the social worker's primary impression would be which of the following?

Autoerotic asphyxia.

A social worker determines that a client who has been abusing alcohol for many years needs medical supervision in order to withdraw safely from alcohol and refers him for inpatient care. One of the reasons the social worker decides this is that, the last time the client quit drinking, he developed delirium tremens (DTs). Delirium tremens includes which of the following?

Autonomic hyperactivity, vivid hallucinations, delusions, and agitation.

Which of the following is a true statement about the factors that determine a group's level of cohesiveness?

Cohesiveness tends to increase when group members participate in setting the groups norms and goals.

The parents of 12-month-old boy report that he has no vocabulary of his own. They add that he can understand some of what other people say. What should the social worker advise the parents to do about this?

Not worry because it reflects normal development

A client's prescription label says that the medication must be taken twice daily. Which of the following means "twice daily"?

BID.

A social worker is meeting for the first time with a client who has sought therapy shortly after breaking up with his girlfriend of three years. The client blames himself for the break-up, saying that he has trouble expressing himself to loved ones. The social worker observes that the client seems passive, and he comes off as needy in the interview. To establish rapport with the client, it is MOST important for the social worker to do which of the following?

Be aware of her personal biases.

A social worker is working in the first stage of therapy with a 35-year-old African American man who sought treatment because he was feeling depressed and dissatisfied at his job. Why would it be useful for the social worker to discuss issues related to race and racism with this client?

Because it may have a bearing on the problem definition.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding alcohol use among older adults?

Because they are older, they have a higher tolerance to alcohol.

A school social worker has been meeting with a 12-year-old girl. She reports that anytime she looks in the mirror she sees an extremely large whale. The social worker observes that the girls body is of average size. The girl reports feeling isolated as she misses spending time with her friends, but refuses to engage in social events because she hates the way she looks. She becomes anxious about even having to attend school and wishes she could stop obsessing about the way she looks. Based upon the information provided, what would be the MOST likely provisional DSM diagnosis?

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

A client reports being very upset and embarrassed about losing her hair. She checks herself in the mirror several times a day to see if more hair has fallen out and always wears a hat when she leaves the house. In fact, the client's hair loss is minor and not noticeable to other people. What DSM-5 diagnosis is MOST indicated for this client?

Body dysmorphic disorder.

An unmarried couple in their mid-20s has sought therapy because of what they describe as "chronic arguing and disagreement." The boyfriend was reluctant to come in, but says that he finally agreed to because he was tired of being "nagged" about fixing their relationship. Both clients are reticent in sessions; they volunteer very little information and give brief answers to the social worker's questions. For the sixth session, the girlfriend arrives alone, explaining that her boyfriend didn't want to come in. She adds that she's glad to have private time to discuss their relationship. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Briefly explore what the woman wants to talk about and continue the private session only if the material relates to an emergency or other risk.

A social worker begins working in individual therapy with a client who is gay. In the middle of their first meeting, the client discloses that he wants to work with a gay therapist. The social worker is not gay. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Briefly explore why the client wants to work with a gay therapist.

A social worker is meeting with a client who is severely hearing impaired. What would be the BEST way for the social worker to communicate with this client?

By hiring a professional interpreter.

Symptoms of __________ are similar to those associated with a moderate to severe case of the flu (e.g., muscle pain and cramps, diarrhea, chills, sneezing, lethargy).

Opioid withdrawal

To clarify the emotional distance or closeness between family members, a social worker could use which of the following techniques?

Sculpting.

Right before leaving for a one-week vacation, a social worker checks her voice mail and finds that two clients have called. One claims to be feeling depressed and contemplating the possibility of suicide, and the other is a recovering alcoholic who says he is tempted to drink. Both clients want to be seen that day, and the social worker has very little time. What should the social worker do?

Call both clients and assess their situations.

An adult client is unable to come to the social worker's office to meet with her. She schedules an in-home interview at the client's residence. When she enters his apartment, she sees that the living room is cluttered and dirty and she detects an odor of spoiled food. She also sees pornographic magazines on the coffee table. What should the social worker do?

Carefully avoid any sign of disapproval or shock.

You have been lobbying representatives in the legislature to provide more funding for childhood mental health screenings for children of at risk families. This is an example of:

Cause advocacy

The client is a 70-year-old man who has been experiencing cognitive symptoms. The onset of his symptoms was abrupt and his condition has followed a stepwise, fluctuating course. It is determined that the man has vascular neurocognitive disorder. Vascular neurocognitive disorder is caused by which of the following?

Cerebrovascular disease.

A client is taking medication to control the symptoms of a mental disorder. Because of the potential side-effect of a serious blood disorder, she is required to have a blood test every week. The client is MOST likely taking which of the following medications?

Clozaril.

Which of the following is associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis following menopause?

Cigarette smoking.

The client is a 25-year-old transgender person who recently started hormone therapy. The client has sought help because they have been feeling very anxious lately. What should be the social worker's FIRST step in approaching this case?

Clarify the source of the presenting problem by consulting with the client's doctor.

A social worker works on an Army base where most of his clients are military personnel. Regarding client confidentiality in this setting, which of the following is true?

Clients should be informed of the limitations to their right of confidentiality at the outset of the delivery of services.

A client who has been taking antipsychotic medication for years begins experiencing tightness in his jaw and involuntary arm and tongue movements. If the client has developed tardive dyskinesia (TD), what medication could be used to alleviate its symptoms?

Clonazepam.

The client is a 27-year-old man who has been referred by the court. The client has a long history of criminal behavior. The social worker conducts an assessment of the client, including referring him for psychological testing, and determines that he has antisocial personality disorder. Knowing the client's diagnosis, which of the following is NOT likely to be a focus of treatment?

Closely monitoring the clients medication compliance

A physicians office employs social workers as part of its Medical Home Model. The social workers primarily practice complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in conjunction with more traditional approaches. Which of the following statements is MOST true?

Complementary methods of mental health practice are given in addition to standard procedures while alternative methods are used instead of standard treatment.

A 20-year-old client has been meeting with a social worker for a few months now for anxiety and depressive symptoms. He comes into the next session and begins to discuss feeling hopeless that hell never find a husband. Hes never acknowledged feeling suicidal until this session. How BEST should the social worker respond?

Complete a risk assessment and do whatever is necessary to protect the client

In the first interview, a client reports feeling unhappy and discouraged about his future, not eating well, and having difficulty falling asleep at night. He has stopped contacting friends and often misses work when he feels too upset to get out of bed. The social worker suspects that the client may be self-destructive. Given that this is the first interview, how should the social worker proceed with her assessment

Conduct a structured inquiry to collect information as a basis for determining an appropriate plan to protect the client from hurting himself.

A social worker notices that her client is exhibiting ambivalence about changing. What does ambivalence refer to?

Conflicting emotions.

A divorced middle-aged client had been juggling work responsibilities with efforts to care for his elderly mother, but he then placed his mom in a nursing home three months ago. In a session with his social worker, the client says, "I should visit my mom more often, but I get so busy with work. I feel bad about that because I know she's lonely and won't be around much longer." In response to this, the social worker says, "You've said several times in our sessions that you think you should spend more time with your mom, but you're not doing it. I can't help but wonder whether the feelings you've described having about moving your mom to the nursing home are making it difficult for you to visit her there. What do you think about that?" What technique has the social worker used?

Confrontation.

A 12-year-old boy is displaying oppositional and defiant behavior at school. Which of the following instruments would be MOST useful for evaluating this boy's behavior

Conners 3.

Conrad is an African American teenager who has always been labeled by his teachers as performing below expectations. Although clearly intelligent, Conrad tends to clown around in class, talk back to the teachers, and fails to do his homework. He has recently been arrested for shoplifting at a local supermarket. How would John Ogbus Cultural-Ecological theory explain Conrads behavior?

Conrads behavior is influenced both by how society at large treats African Americans and by how African Americans have developed oppositional coping strategies to deal with bias and discrimination.

A man brings a woman to a medical clinic; he doesn't know the woman but found her wandering in his neighborhood. He reports that she appeared disoriented and upset. The physicians at the clinic examine the woman and find no medical problem to explain her mental status. They refer her to a social worker for services. The woman is Hispanic and speaks almost no English. The social worker does not speak Spanish. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Contact local resources that provide mental health and social services to Spanish-speaking people and help the woman access assistance from these resources.

A case manager has recently noticed that several of her new clients have been declined for Medicaid coverage in recent weeks. Although the clients are low-income and need quality health care services, their incomes are just slightly too high to qualify for Medicaid under state law. Thus, they remain uninsured entirely. In keeping with your ethical obligations as a social worker, what is the BEST response?

Contact policy makers in your state to let them know that the requirements of the law are too stringent to meet the needs of your clients

A social worker begins working in individual therapy with a 16-year-old girl. At the beginning of treatment, the social worker, the girl, and her parents agree that the social worker will maintain the girl's confidentiality and not discuss with her parents anything specific that she reveals in therapy. In the second session, the social worker realizes that the girl is depressed, and, in the third session, the girl tells him that she wants to kill herself by taking an overdose of her mother's sleeping pills. What should the social worker do?

Contact the girl's parents about this if doing is necessary to prevent the girl from hurting herself.

A social worker who is interviewing a husband and wife who want to become foster parents learns that they have a biological child who has HIV disease. What should the social worker do?

Continue the interview.

A mother reports that her young child has difficulty sleeping at night and she wants to give him the antihistamine Benadryl before he goes to bed. A parent who does this should be made aware of which of the following?

In some children, Benadryl produces symptoms of hyperactivity.

Which of the following is likely to be a factor affecting policy development?

D. All of the above (Correct answer)

Which of the following is NOT a principle of trauma-informed care practice?

Leadership

A social worker is meeting with a couple for therapy, and their discussion quickly becomes heated. The conversation devolves to the point that they are shouting at each other and cant even hear what the other is saying. What is the BEST way for the social worker to Defuse the situation and help the couple to converse more openly and calmly in the moment respond?

Defuse the situation and help the couple to converse more openly and calmly in the moment

During a therapy session, a client becomes angry and agitated. He begins pacing around and shouting. If the social worker wanted to help the client regain control of his feelings, which of the following interventions would be LEAST appropriate?

Defusing things quickly by assertively telling the client to take a seat and relax.

A social worker meets with a 35-year-old client who has a history of heavy alcohol use and is experiencing symptoms of moderate depression. The client is currently using alcohol on a daily basis to the extent that he is intoxicated on most days. What is the BEST way for the social worker to approach treatment in this case?

Deal with the alcohol use before addressing the depression

A social worker is invited to serve on the board of a large charitable organization in her community. She knows that a client who has been in individual therapy with her for six months has been serving on that board for many years. From an ethical standpoint, what should the social worker do?

Decline the position and dont tell the client about the offer.

During a therapy session, a client asks a social worker a question about her private life. The social worker doesn't feel comfortable answering the question. What should the social worker do?

Decline to answer the question and authentically share her reasons why

A social worker has been working in individual therapy with a client for eight months. The client, age 45, sought therapy because she was feeling unfulfilled as a homemaker but felt unable to set goals for herself due to long-standing low self-esteem. She recently decided to go back to school to study for her master's degree in business administration. At first, she was afraid to tell her husband about this decision because she always deferred to his wishes in their marriage. With the social worker's help, however, she finally felt able to do this. She reports that her husband became very upset when she told him and that they have been having heated arguments ever since. The couple, who is not used to fighting, has been unable to resolve this dispute. The client asks the social worker to start working with her and her husband to teach them "how to fight fairly and make a decision we can both live with." From an ethical standpoint, what is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Decline to see the couple but provide referral to a different therapist for conjoint sessions.

Which statement most accurately reflects Peter Lewinsohns theory of depression?

Depressed people receive a low rate of positive reinforcement due to environmental stressors and lack of personal skills.

A client says, "I'm not sure if I'm ready to start college yet." The social worker responds, "So, you've decided you don't really want to go to college." What type of reflection error has the social worker made?

Depth

A middle-aged man comes to a community mental health clinic and is displaying slurred speech, unsteady gait, and impaired attention. A social worker who meets with him smells alcohol on his breath, and, when she questions him about this, he admits to drinking "now and then" but denies being intoxicated at the time of the interview. Of the following findings about this man, which one is LEAST likely to contribute to a decision that he should be referred for acute hospital care (inpatient detoxification)?

Despite clear evidence to the contrary, he has denied being intoxicated during the interview.

The greatest danger associated with stereotyping is which of the following?

Devaluation of the individual.

A client seeks therapy because of mild depression due to relationship problems. When it comes time to decide on the goals and objectives of treatment, the social worker discovers that the client's expectations differ from his: Although the social worker has determined that the client needs help improving her self-esteem, recognizing the factors that underlie her depressed feelings, and acquiring skills to cope with them, the client's primary goal is to become more attractive to men so that she can date more often and maybe get married one day. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Develop a treatment plan addressing common goals negotiated with the client.

Which of the following is NOT an example of social work policy practice?

Developing curriculum for a new sexual health education program for youth clients of your agency

A 50-year-old client reports having a sexual problem that developed recently. The social worker asks for more information about the problem but the client is embarrassed and doesn't share any details. It turns out that the client is going through menopause and, therefore, experiencing reduced levels of estrogen and progesterone. This fact suggests that the client's sexual problem is MOST likely to be which of the following?

Discomfort during intercourse

A client reports that he's been having what he thinks may be seizures on and off for about a month. He says his vision changes and then he feels dizzy and his body becomes tense. Despite these episodes, the client has continued to drive his car on a regular basis. He says that not driving would disrupt his life. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Discourage the client from driving and find out whether he has gotten medical attention.

A social worker employed at a hospital is asked by a physician to engage in a behavior that conflicts with NASW's Code of Ethics. The physician insists that the action would be in the patient's best interests. What should the social worker do?

Discuss his concerns with the physician

A client reports that her 81-year-old father, a widower, has been having difficultly dressing himself appropriately and no longer cleans his apartment. He was recently ticketed by the police for driving the wrong way on a one-way street. The next day, he drove to his local market and got lost on the way home. The client says she is worried that her father has Alzheimer's disease. After acknowledging the client's feelings about this, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Discuss safety issues and options with the client, such as preventing her father from driving by taking away his car keys.

The client is a divorced mother with a 16-year-old daughter. The client has managed to provide her child with a nice home in a safe neighborhood. She seeks advice because she's concerned about her daughter's "rebelliousness." When the social worker questions the client, he discovers that the girl has stayed out past her curfew a few times, talks back to her mother, gets very good grades at school, and has many close friends. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Discuss that the girl's "rebellion" may be developmentally appropriate.

The husband of a social worker recently died of a heart attack. The social worker is grieving. She is having difficulty sleeping at night and finds that her concentration is sometimes impaired. During sessions with her clients, she finds that she sometimes has trouble focusing on what her clients are saying. From an ethical standpoint, what should the social worker do?

Discuss these concerns with a supervisor to determine the best course of action.

A recently widowed woman seeks counseling to help her deal with her son's grief. The boy seems very sad, the woman says, but they have been having difficulty talking about their feelings and memories of her husband. She doesn't know what to do and hopes that the social worker can provide her with advice so that she can help her son cope better. Based on what he learns in the interview, the social worker believes that the woman also needs assistance in dealing with her own grief. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Discuss this with the woman.

A social worker is meeting with a client who is a lesbian. The client says that she is thinking about having a baby. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Discuss with the client her decision about whether to have a baby.

Over the course of nine months, an individual therapy client has complained three times about how her treatment is going, and, each time, the social worker has explored the client's concerns and then modified the treatment plan to address them. In the current session, the client says again that she's not satisfied with how her therapy is going. What should the social worker do?

Discuss with the client her dissatisfaction and the possibility of referral to a different therapist.

A social worker is meeting with a 50-year-old man whose wife died 10 weeks ago. The client reports feeling depressed and lonely. After conducting an assessment, the social worker concludes that the man would benefit from attending a bereavement support group. What should be the social worker's FIRST step in providing this referral?

Discuss with the client how joining the group can help address his concerns, needs, and objectives.

Jellinek's formulation of alcohol addiction is based on which of the following models?

Disease

A teenage girl is reprimanded at school by her chemistry teacher for failing to do her homework the night before. The girl is upset by this because she is a good student who has never misbehaved, but she accepts the criticism without responding to it. Later that day, she yells at her younger brother when he enters her bedroom while she is doing her homework. She rarely yells at her brother. Her behavior illustrates which of the following?

Displacement

A social worker is working in individual therapy with a 10-year-old boy. The guidance counselor at the boy's school calls the social worker, requesting advice on how to deal with a recent incident at school in which the boy was involved. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Explain that she cannot discuss any client until she has written permission from the client or the client's parents.

Jacob, age 14, is being seen by a school social worker for repeated angry outbursts at school. He is persistently irritable and negative, constantly argues with adults, has a history of behavioral referrals, and recently changed schools after being expelled for threatening a teacher. Jacob is failing in school, and his parents are thinking of sending him to a wilderness camp where he can "get some sense knocked into him." The MOST likely DSM-5 diagnosis for Jacob is which of the following?

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.

Which of the following would be the BEST way to introduce a new policy at a social agency?

Distribute information about the new policy in writing and discuss it a staff meeting.

A school-age child is removed from his parents' home because of chronic physical abuse. He is placed in foster care. The child's first reaction to this is MOST likely to be which of the following?

Distrust and fear of more abuse

Lawrence Shulman coined the phrase ____________ communication to describe any disclosure by a client of important or difficult information just as a session is about to end.

Doorknob

A social worker suspects a colleague of violating ethical guidelines. To be consistent with the provisions of NASW's Code of Ethics, the social worker should do which of the following?

Either handle the situation informally or contact the state licensing board or a professional ethics committee, depending on which course of action he or she believes is appropriate.

A client reports that her 4-year-old son was found showing his genitals to a classmate at his preschool. The client is not upset by this but she is curious about what it means. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Elicit more information to determine if this is normal sexual exploration.

Which of the following is most difficult to identify in a preschool-age child?

Emotional abuse.

A social worker has been leading a weekly therapy group for three weeks. Before the current session, one of the group members arrives early so that he can ask the social worker a question in private about something that happened in last week's group session. How should the social worker handle this?

Encourage the client to ask his question during the group session.

A social worker's therapy client expressed suicidal ideation during a session three weeks ago. The social worker determined that the client was depressed but not at risk for a suicide attempt; since that day, she has been meeting with the client twice a week. During the current session, the client says that he's not happy with the progress of therapy and is not coming back. What should the social worker do

Encourage the client to continue therapy, and see if he will sign a no harm contract.

A social worker employed at a family service agency meets with a 16-year-old girl who is failing several classes and frequently truant from school. She goes out with her friends on many nights and often misses her 10:00 p.m. curfew. The girl tells the social worker that she just found out she is pregnant and is excited about having a baby to care for. She hasn't told her parents because she is sure they will force her to have an abortion. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Encourage the girl to bring her parents in for a family session to disclose what is going on and discuss alternatives.

A 40-year-old man who is preoccupied with a fear of contracting HIV disease has been seeing his doctor every month, complaining of symptoms and demanding to be tested for the virus. The doctor has performed HIV testing on the man several times, and each test has been negative. The doctor has found no medical problems to account for the man's reported physical symptoms. The doctor refers the man to a social worker. When asked, the man confirms to the social worker that he's terrified of "being infected with HIV." What should the social worker do FIRST?

Encourage the man to talk about his fear of getting HIV disease.

A social worker is meeting with a 16-year-old client with the consent of his parents. The client discloses that he wishes to transition and is considering sex reassignment surgery. To be an ethical social worker, what is the BEST response?

Encourage your client to invite his parents into session to discuss further

After exploring a client's concerns with him, the social worker determines that she should refer the client to a local agency for a service he needs. When she suggests the referral, the client agrees that it would be useful for addressing his needs. Which of the following would NOT be appropriate to do when making this referral?

Ensuring the client that he is eligible for the service if he asks her about this

A client reports that she and a famous actor have fallen in love. She sends him love letters, but he doesn't respond because, according to the client, he wants to avoid the publicity that would result since he's married. The social worker ultimately determines that the client has delusional disorder. What subtype does the client have?

Erotomanic.

The client is a 29-year-old woman who was raped two days ago by a stranger. What is MOST important for the social worker to do in the first meeting with this client?

Establish a specific plan covering the next few days.

A social worker is working in family therapy with two parents and their teenage children, a girl, age 16, and a boy, age 15. The presenting problem was frequent arguing in the family, and the focus of treatment has been on identifying and altering the family's maladaptive communication patterns. After the family has been in treatment for six weeks, the father suddenly admits to the social worker that he drinks heavily. He manages to go to work and functions fairly well at his job, but he always drinks at night when he gets home, usually enough to become intoxicated. He says that he drinks at home because he can't stand all the fighting. Under these circumstances, what should the social worker do?

Establish a therapeutic contract for abstinence with the family.

After being battered by her husband, a middle-age woman seeks medical attention from an emergency room. The next day, the woman seeks individual therapy from a social worker recommended by emergency room personnel. What should the social worker focus on FIRST with this woman?

Establishing safety and providing information.

The client is an adult female who was molested repeatedly by her father during childhood. The client is very emotional and reports deep shame concerning the abuse. The client has been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. What should the social worker focus on FIRST in this case?

Establishing safety, stability, and connection.

A social worker is meeting for the first time with a family that includes the mother, father, and 11-year-old son. The mother was diagnosed with cancer a few months ago and the doctors have said that her prognosis is fair to poor. The parents report that they are concerned about their son, who has been acting out at home and in school since learning that his mother is sick. He has also been isolating himself. The social worker observes that the boy is subdued in the interview and doesn't make eye contact with either of his parents. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Evaluate how the family as a whole is coping with the mothers diagnosis.

The client is a 35-year-old man who was laid off from his job at a supermarket where he was a manager. The client reports that there are no jobs available in his community and his money is running out fast. Although he's receiving unemployment insurance, he's barely getting by because he has to help his sister who's a single mom with a low-paying job. A social worker who relies on an ecological approach would assume that this client's problems result from which of the following?

Exchanges between the client and his environment.

A social worker is working in individual therapy with an American Indian client who has suffered from symptoms of depression since the death of her grandfather. How should the social worker address the role of religious and spiritual values in this case?

Explore and reinforce the therapeutic significance of religious and spiritual events for the client.

An 85-year-old man has become incoherent, incontinent, and unable to care for himself. His daughters have been caring for him, but his problems have become so great that they are now overwhelmed and unable to meet his needs on their own. A doctor recommends that the man be moved to a nursing home. A day later, in a meeting with a social worker, the daughters agree to visit several nursing homes that week to determine where they want their father to live. A week later, the social worker finds out that the daughters haven't called or visited any nursing homes. What should the social worker do?

Explore the daughters' feelings.

A social worker has been working in individual therapy with a client for two months when he comes to realize that he is sexually attracted to her. He finds himself thinking about her outside of therapy and wondering what it would be like to go on a date with her. The social worker tells his supervisor about these feelings. What should the supervisor do FIRST?

Explore this situation with the social worker.

A hospital social worker discovers that the wife of a hospital patient has been taking and eating leftover food from off of other patients' meal trays. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Explore this situation with the woman and her husband.

A social worker has been working in individual therapy with a male client who was divorced six months ago. The social worker receives a phone call from a person she does not know. The person says he is a friend of the client's and that the client has recently stated that he's going to "teach his ex-wife a lesson." What should the social worker do?

Explore this statement with the client

A woman diagnosed with bipolar I disorder and alcohol use disorder is scheduled to be released from an inpatient treatment facility in one day. She tells her social worker that, as soon as she leaves the facility, she will get drunk and stop taking her lithium. What should the social worker do?

Explore this statement with the woman.

A social worker is meeting with a man for an initial consultation. The man is divorced, and his ex-wife is the custodial parent of their three young children. The man reports that he believes his ex-wife has been abusing their children. What should the social worker do?

Explore what has led the man to suspect his ex-wife of abuse.

The parents of a 9-year-old boy bring him in for therapy. They tell the social worker that they have been unable to control the boy's aggressive and destructive behavior at home and at school. They say that he has been physically fighting with his 11-year-old sister and some of his classmates and that he always starts these fights himself. He has also been throwing his toys and school supplies when he gets angry. In light of the parents' report, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Explore, and intervene to address, the boy's aggressive behavior.

A social worker is meeting for the first time with a young single mother who has been referred for individual therapy by her doctor. The client begins her verbal report by telling the social worker that her children are too active and demanding of her attention. The client then complains about needing to see a therapist because she's too busy already with other responsibilities, like motherhood, housekeeping, and a part-time job. The client appears anxious and overwhelmed, but not depressed. What should the social worker do?

Express to the client that it must be tiring and frustrating to have so many responsibilities.

Which of the following is the strongest indicator of suicide risk?

Hopelessness

A social worker is beginning to see many Muslim immigrants in his practice. It is important for him to recognize the role of religion and spirituality in his clients lives. In general, Muslims use their religious practices as coping mechanisms for dealing with mental health issues. It would be important for the social worker to understand that Muslims value in particular:

Faith, prayer, the practice of charity, fasting, and pilgrimage.

An 8-year-old boy has been placed in foster care because of chronic abuse and neglect by his parents who have been unwilling to take any responsibility for their abusive behavior. The boy has been referred for treatment as a result of verbal and physical aggressiveness with peers and withdrawal from adults. His grades at school have deteriorated over the last year, and his teacher says his attention span is limited. The foster parents say that he frequently self-isolates and starts fights with their other foster children. Treatment in this case is LEAST likely to include which of the following?

Family therapy to modify dysfunctional interactional patterns.

A first-year social work intern is working at a juvenile correction facility. Her supervisor has assigned her the task of conducting an initial assessment of the newest inmate. The inmate is a tall, heavy set African American male. He enters the interview room and upon seeing the social worker immediately glares and directs words of profanity and frustration at her. The social worker says nothing, but immediately tenses up and her eyes widen. Which of the following emotions is the social worker communicating BEST in this situation?

Fear

A client who is a single mother of three young children has sought assistance because she's having difficulty finding work to support her family. She has few job skills and is running out of money. The client is recently divorced, and her ex-husband has left the state. He has not been sending child support payments. The client would like help applying for TANF, and wonders if she's eligible for this assistance. The social worker explains that the program uses a means test to determine eligibility. Means eligibility depends primarily on which of the following?

Financial well-being.

In the first interview, a client who works as a city bus driver reports that he drinks alcohol every day. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Find out more about tht clients drinking assessment before you can determine what interventions are needed.

The client is a 22-year-old man who has sought help because he is distressed over a decision he needs to make. The client, who is Catholic and whose faith is important to him, believes that premarital sex is wrong, but his fiance has been pressuring him to have sex with her. He has explained his beliefs to her, but she disagrees with him and has been trying hard to change his mind. The client says he is now completely confused and afraid that he might be wrong. In addressing the presenting problem in this case, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Find out whether the client has talked with his priest about this, and if not, encourage him to do so.

A social worker's client becomes verbally aggressive toward the social worker during a session. In response, the social worker offers no resistance and acknowledges to the client that she has legitimate reasons for being angry. What technique is the social worker using?

Fogging

An 11-year-old girl was sexually abused by an uncle for several years. The girl is LEAST likely to exhibit which of the following as a consequence of this abuse?

Frequent aggression.

A social worker is referred a client whose cultural background differs from her own. The client reports engaging in a particular behavior that, while disturbing to the social worker, is apparently approved of by members of the client's cultural group. What should the social worker do?

Further educate herself about the clients culture, including the behavior in question.

A client with a physical disability is referred to a social worker for case management services. What should the social worker do FIRST as the case manager?

Gather information to identify the client's needs and concerns

The client is a 30-year-old man who tends to be passive in his relationships and worries a lot. He says that he's never been very ambitious at work and that this annoys his wife. The man reports feeling inadequate and depressed. Based on this information, it appears that the man is experiencing which of the following?

Gender role conflict.

A social worker is meeting with a recently divorced man and his 7-year-old daughter. The man was granted sole custody of the girl because his ex-wife emotionally abused and neglected her. He reports that his daughter has been upset lately and seems disoriented at times. She recently stabbed herself in the leg with scissors so deeply that she needed stitches. The man thinks that the behavior was intentional. The man also reports that he lost his job two weeks ago, has few financial resources, and doesn't know what he and his daughter will do. During the interview, the social worker observes that the girl is withdrawn and doesn't respond to questions. Based on this information, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Get a better understanding of the girl's symptoms by arranging for her to undergo medical and psychiatric evaluations.

A court-ordered therapy client asks the social worker not to divulge to the court any information about her recent marijuana use. What should the social worker do?

Get clarification from the court.

The client is a college student who reports that she suffers from test-taking anxiety. She says she finds school difficult because she has always had trouble concentrating for long periods of time. She says, however, that an IQ test she took during high school indicated that her intelligence is above average and that this may be why she's been able maintain fairly good grades. The client then changes the subject and begins focusing on her body; she says she spends a lot of time exercising because she doesn't want to get fat. She admits that she's preoccupied with her weight (which appears normal) and that she's "experimented" with self-induced vomiting after eating too much. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Get permission to speak with the client's physician.

A social worker is subpoenaed to testify in a legal proceeding involving one of her clients. The client waives the privilege, thereby allowing the social worker to testify. During the legal proceeding, the opposing attorney asks the social worker a question about the client that the social worker believes has no relevance to the matter being decided in court. What should the social worker do?

Give the clients attorney an opportunity to object by pausing before she provides an answer.

The mother of a 35-year-old single man brings her son in to see a social worker. She tells the social worker that her son was diagnosed with major depressive disorder by a psychiatrist. The social worker begins working in individual therapy with the man. The mother then calls the social worker and asks to be included on an ongoing, weekly basis in therapy sessions with her son. What should the social worker do?

Give the mother appropriate referrals

The client is a woman whose husband died two weeks ago. She has been brought in by her sister who is helping out during this time and feels worried about her sister's well-being. The client's sister is also concerned about her 10-year-old nephew who has been unwilling to talk about his father's death. She wonders what to expect from him as he grieves and how she can help him. In providing information on this topic, the social worker would be correct in telling the sister which of the following?

Given his age, the boy probably understands the finality of death and may be worried about his own death.

Which of the following is NOT a core aspect to mindfulness practice?

Harmony

Which of the following is NOT an example of a question that a social worker who is using a strengths-based approach might ask her client in a goal-setting session?

How has that traumatic experience contributed to the challenges that youve experienced?

A 36-year-old client was referred by his physician because of alcohol abuse. The social worker observes that the client acts very tough but seems insecure. He becomes hostile when asked about his childhood; and, although he briefly mentions that he saw violence at home as a child, he refuses to elaborate. He denies that he has a drinking problem and blames his repeated failures at work on his bosses. The client is married but refuses to let the social worker speak to his wife. Based on this information, what should the social worker MOST suspect is true about this client?

He abuses his wife.

A client reports experiencing a great deal of stress at his job that is affecting him at home. He has had to work long hours since his company laid off some workers, and he and his wife are expecting their second child. Their first child is a toddler. The client wants to learn relaxation techniques so that he can prevent a build up of stress during the day and be more available to help his wife with things at home. His wife has insisted that he get help. Which of the following factors, if true about this client, is MOST likely to a negative effect on his response to the stress in his life?

He has an external locus of control.

A social worker meets with a depressed adult who needs medical care for what may be a stomach ulcer. What would be required for this client to be eligible for Medicare?

He is age 65 or older.

A single mother seeks help because she's concerned about her 8-year-old son. The boy has been afraid of the dark since watching a horror movie. Mom says she's now worried that her son "isn't tough enough." She wants him to be fearless since they live in a rough neighborhood; she tries to protect him from exposure to violence but also wants him to be able to "face life head-on without too many fears." The mother's report suggests that which of the following is MOST likely to be true about this boy?

He is experiencing a normal reaction.

An Hispanic man with major depressive disorder is MOST likely to say that his symptoms include which of the following?

Headaches, sleep problems, and nervousness.

A social worker works in a community mental health clinic and her clients are two parents and their elementary school-age son. The parents have difficulty making ends meet and the family lives in a one-bedroom house near a chemical laboratory. The parents report that their son often has flu-like symptoms and, although they're concerned about this, they can't afford to take him to a doctor. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Help arrange free or low-cost physical evaluations for the child and the parents.

The client is a self-referred woman who was diagnosed with schizophrenia about a year ago, is currently taking antipsychotic medication, and reports feeling mildly depressed. The client meets regularly with a psychiatrist, who is managing her medication regimen and monitoring its effectiveness. In the initial interview, the client says that she's finally ready to begin her life and hopes that the social worker can help her with that. She says she wants to find a good job, save money to buy a house, and begin dating regularly so that she can get married and start a family. The social worker's assessment reveals that the client has mild depression but, otherwise, seems to be functioning well at this time. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Help the client clarify and prioritize her goals.

During the first interview, a client mentions that she has been seeing a psychologist for individual therapy for the past four months. The client says that she would like to see both the social worker and the psychologist because she feels that she would benefit the most if she did this. The psychologist has been helping the client feel less anxious around other people and develop her social skills. What should the social worker do?

Help the client clarify her reasons for seeing both a social worker and the psychologist and then evaluate whether it is appropriate for her to see both.

An Asian-American client, age 26, expresses a desire to become more self-directed and focused on her own needs. She wants to become more assertive so that she can meet some of her own needs rather than worrying so much about what her parents want her to do. The social worker and client contract to work on this goal. In the very next session, the client says that she has changed her mind - she doesn't want to focus on her own needs because doing so isn't consistent with her parents' traditional values. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Help the client reformulate the treatment goals by discussing a range of options that better reflect her needs and situation and the impact of each option on her and her family and community.

A social worker is having marital problems. If the social worker were to discuss these problems with his supervisor in an individual supervision meeting, which of the following responses by the supervisor would be LEAST appropriate?

Helping the social worker understand his marital problems.

A client seeks therapy two weeks after being fired from a job that she held for five years. The client says she's having difficulty dealing with this stressful event, in part, because it was "completely unexpected." She thought that her job was safe because she recently received a positive performance evaluation. Of the following additional factors, which one is likely to have the greatest effect on the client's reaction to this stressful event?

Her beliefs regarding her ability to cope with stress.

The client is a low-income, African American woman who reports having frequent severe headaches. The client, age 30, never went to college because she wanted to work to help her mom pay the bills. She now works two jobs but has great difficulty making ends meet. She has come to the social worker's agency because she's hoping that she qualifies for some kind of temporary financial assistance. The social worker discovers that the client has not seen a medical doctor about her headaches. According to research, which of the following factors is LEAST likely to be impacting this client's health and/or health-care utilization?

Her gender women are less likely than men to seek and use health care

An 78-year-old woman reports that she's been feeling unsettled and disconnected. She moved to an independent-living senior apartment about five years ago after her husband died. She retired 10 years ago and has been active in her community since then tutoring children and volunteering at the local library. She reports slowing down a bit during the past year because of worsening physical pain associated with her arthritis. The research suggests that which of the following factors MOST increases this woman's risk for depression?

Her medical disorder and its effects.

The client is a 15-year-old boy who has been referred by the probation department. The boy, along with two friends, broke into a neighbor's house several months ago to steal a plasma TV. Last semester, the boy was expelled from school for carrying a knife and threatening to use it on a classmate who angered him. Given the boy's history of delinquent behavior, which of the following is MOST likely to be true about him and/or his family?

His parents dont supervise him adequately and their discipline is inconsistent.

A depressed man meets with a social worker soon after finding out from his physician that there is no physiological basis for his symptoms. The man reports that he usually feels sad and doesn't know how to feel better. He goes to work and pretends that everything is OK but just can't shake his unhappy feelings. The social worker is using cognitive-behavioral therapy with this client. Therefore, during assessment, she will be MOST interested in which of the following?

How the client perceives and interprets external events

A client reports that he has been having difficulties with concentration and decision making, feels worthless, and has frequent crying spells. He also reports feeling depressed on some days. The social worker asks the client a few questions to find out whether he has been experiencing any vegetative symptoms associated with depression. Asking the client about vegetative symptoms allows the social worker to explore for the presence of which of the following indicators of depression?

Hypersomnia or insomnia, appetite changes, psychomotor retardation.

A client reports experiencing periods of extreme anxiety that have a sudden onset. Which of the following conditions should be considered FIRST?

Hyperthyroidism

A social worker diagnoses a client with bulimia nervosa and refers her to a medical doctor for physical evaluations. When the social worker later confers with the doctor, the doctor tells him that the client has developed a serious complication as a result of binge eating and purging. Medical tests found that the client is suffering from a severe potassium deficiency and is at risk for kidney failure and cardiac arrest. The client appears to have developed which of the following medical complications as a result of her eating disorder?

Hypokalemia.

A social worker begins working in therapy with a young married couple. In the third session, the wife suddenly asks the social worker if she has any children. What is the social worker's BEST response?

I'm wondering why you ask.

The client is a slightly overweight 30-year-old man who was referred by his doctor. The client's presenting complaint is his recent weight gain. In the first interview, he appears despondent about his appearance and expresses guilt about "destroying" himself by becoming too fat. He says he's been "a loser" for years and blames himself. The doctor has told both the client and the social worker that there is nothing medically wrong with the client. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Identify and reframe the client's negative self-statements.

A social worker using rational-emotive behavior therapy to treat a mildly depressed client would be MOST likely to do which of the following?

Identify events that activate the client's irrational beliefs.

A married couple reports frequent arguments and difficulties in resolving problems. They say that they frequently misunderstand each other when they fight, which leads to more intense arguments. In light of the couple's report, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Identify the couples specific communication deficits by having them attempt to resolve a major conflict while the social worker observes them.

A client reports that he is being discriminated against at his job because of a physical disability. From what the client describes, the social worker believes that this allegation is true. As this client's advocate, what should the social worker do NEXT?

Identify what steps the client wishes to take.

The results of a Rorschach test would be MOST useful for which of the following purposes?

Identifying thinking patterns.

From the perspective of operant conditioning theory, which of the following statements is the BEST illustration of negative reinforcement?

If you take out the garbage, I will stop yelling at you.

It is often difficult to distinguish between major and mild neurocognitive disorder, delirium, and major depressive disorder in older adults. However, the presence of which of the following suggests that delirium is the appropriate DSM-5 diagnosis?

Impaired attention and awareness.

The core component of the DSM-5 diagnosis of gender dysphoria is which of the following?

Incongruence between assigned and experienced/expressed gender.

A social worker receives a phone call from the human resources manager of a company where a former client now works. The manager informs the social worker that the employee/former client is applying for disability compensation and has named the social worker as a health service provider. The manager says he needs to know the duration of the employee/former client's treatment. What should the social worker do?

Inform the manager that she cannot discuss any client without permission from the client.

A social worker begins working in individual therapy with a client who is suffering from a depressed mood after her divorce. The client has been referred by her primary care physician, and her HMO has authorized ten visits. After meeting five times with the client, the social worker realizes that the client needs more than ten sessions of therapy to address her depressed mood and adjustment to life post-divorce. The social worker contacts the managed care program to get authorization for additional sessions, but the program refuses this request. What should the social worker do NEXT?

Initiate an appeal with the managed care program on behalf of his client to challenge the denial.

The stages of the management strategy known as "management by objectives" (MBO) are BEST described by which of the following terms?

Inputs, activities, outputs.

Immigrants face many stressors before, during and after resettlement. The immigration process can involve separation from family members, physical stressors, exposure to unfamiliar customs and physical environments, and possibly trauma. The stresses involved in immigration can exacerbate or cause mental health and family difficulties. Immigrant families most often seek mental health treatment for:

Intergenerational acculturative conflicts

A client says, "I'm always helping my friends. They know I'll drop everything and be there when they need me. I'm tired of it." In response, the social worker says, "It sounds like you feel responsible for taking care of your friends, but, at the same time, you want to be more in charge of your own life, no longer at the mercy of your friends' appeals for help. What do you think makes you feel that you're responsible for taking care of your friends?" What skill has the social worker used?

Interpretation

During a therapy session, a teenage boy says, "My dad left my mom six months ago and we never see him anymore." A few minutes later, the boy says, "I've been feeling like there's something wrong with me lately; like I'm a bad person." After hearing these two statements, the social worker says, "I'm wondering if the reason you've been feeling like you're a bad person is that maybe you believe you caused your dad to leave." What technique has the social worker used?

Interpretation.

A child abuse report has been filed by a private citizen concerning a 6-year-old boy who is often left home alone by his parents. Which of the following will the CPS worker assigned to this case do first?

Interview the family to learn more about the situation that led to the report.

A social worker's new clients are an African American couple who introduce themselves as "Mr. and Mrs. Peterson." To facilitate the development of a positive working relationship with the clients, the social worker should do which of the following?

Introduce herself using her full name and address them as "Mr. Peterson" and "Mrs. Peterson" until they invite her to do otherwise.

A woman with a personality disorder is released from a psychiatric hospital. As part of her ongoing treatment, she will see a social worker for outpatient individual psychotherapy. To prepare for his first session with this woman, the social worker reviews the woman's clinical record and sees that a previous therapist noted that the woman tends to rely on primitive defense mechanisms. Therefore, the social worker can expect that this woman might rely on which of the following defense mechanisms?

Introjection and denial.

A client's father dies from complications related to an untreated ulcer. The client, who doesn't have an ulcer, begins experiencing medical symptoms similar to those his father had. Which of the following defense mechanisms describes this situation?

Introjection.

The symptoms of PTSD are grouped in the DSM-5 in terms of which of the following clusters?

Intrusion, avoidance, cognition and mood, and arousal and reactivity.

A social worker's new client is a 40-year-old man who was referred by his physician following thorough physical evaluations. The client complained to his doctor of headaches and fatigue, and the doctor ruled out relevant medical conditions and substance use as causes of these symptoms. When the client meets with the social worker, he tells her immediately that his physician thinks he might be depressed. What should the social worker do FIRST in assessing this client?

Invite the client to share his ideas about his problem.

A social worker begins to work in individual therapy with a client who is from a culture that differs from her own. The social worker knows relatively little about the client's culture and acknowledges this to him in the first meeting. What should the social worker do NEXT?

Invite the client to tell her something about his culture.

An individual with schizoid personality disorder is MOST likely to display which of the following?

Isolation

The clients are a family of four, including Dad, Mom, and two adolescent daughters. Dad and Mom immigrated to the U.S. shortly after marrying and have always worried about the effects of American culture on their daughters. They don't allow the girls to have friends over and they closely screen and limit the girls' access to media on TV, radio, and the Internet. Dad says he's suspicious of "outsiders," including the social worker. He says family should depend on family for support and must hang on to their own traditions and values. From the perspective of systems theory, which of the following appears to be true about this family?

It is a relatively closed system that is vulnerable to entropy

A social worker receives a phone call from a person with whom she was intimately (including sexually) involved for a short period of time. The relationship ended in a mutually agreeable way, and now, this person wants to start therapy with the social worker. In terms of the requirements of NASW's Code of Ethics, which of the following is true?

It would not be ethical to begin therapy.

A social worker has noted in a client's record that the client has been diagnosed with paranoid personality disorder. Which of the following would this client be MOST likely to display, based on his diagnosis?

Jealousy.

A client arrives 20 minutes late for her first appointment, and the social worker is upset by this. What should the social worker do?

Keep his feelings to himself.

A client has taken a second job to support his family because his wife was severely injured in a car accident and can't work. The client reports feeling frustrated by this situation and exhausted every day. Right after saying this, the client expresses remorse for complaining about how he feels, given all that his wife has suffered. What should be the social worker's FIRST response?

Let the client know that his feelings are normal

The symptoms of shaken baby syndrome include which of the following?

Lethargy, crying, vomiting, loss of appetite, seizures.

An existential therapist emphasizes which of the following?

Listening to the client's own account of her experiences.

The client is a 66-year-old woman who retired several months ago and has been feeling anxious and upset. She reports feeling "at loose ends" and as though she has little to contribute to her family or community now that she's not working anymore. She feels like her sense of self depended on her job as a school principal and can't figure out how to feel whole again. Based on this information, the social worker would MOST suspect that the client is experiencing which type of social role functioning problem?

Loss

A blood alcohol level of .05 is associated with which of the following?

Lowered inhibitions, impaired judgment, some incoordination.

The client is a 16 year old who has been acting out at school and doesn't get along with his peers. In the course of assessing this client, the social worker determines that she needs additional information about his emotional adjustment and personality attributes. Given that the client is 16, which of the following psychological tests would be MOST useful for attaining this information?

MACI

A social worker is providing individual therapy to an emancipated 17-year-old who was recently widowed after her 19-year-old husband was killed while serving in Afghanistan. The girl has lost a lot of weight and has trouble sleeping, and the social worker is helping her through her bereavement issues. One day, the social worker gets a call from the client's mother requesting to see his case records on her daughter. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Maintain confidentiality.

A client in need of case management services immigrated to the United States from Mexico two years ago. He is uncomfortable speaking English and asks the social worker to provide her services in Spanish. The social worker speaks some Spanish, but recognizes that her Spanish-language skills may be insufficient for interacting effectively with this client. What should the social worker do?

Make an appropriate referral.

A social worker is working in a center that provides services for homeless youth and runaways. A 15-year-old boy who was kicked out of his home for being gay has come in asking for help getting food. He has been living on the streets for about 3 months and acknowledges he has been providing sexual favors in order to get his needs met. Which statement would be the MOST helpful in helping an adolescent who is involved with sex trafficking to begin to share?

Many kids living on the street feel scared and feel like they need to find someone to protect them.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in intellectual disability in a child?

Maternal HIV disease during pregnancy

A social worker is helping to settle a dispute between a client and her landlord and restore communication between them. She remains neutral and tries to help the parties clarify their respective positions. What role is the social worker taking in this situation?

Mediator

A social worker provides outreach services after a major flood in the community where he lives and works. Soon after the community has recovered, he considers publicizing in the local media the services he provided during this public emergency as a way of promoting his private practice. To behave in an ethical manner, what should the social worker do?

Not publicize his work.

A 30-year-old woman is an inpatient at a psychiatric facility, admitted for evaluation and treatment after attempting suicide during an episode of major depression. As a member of the treatment team, a social worker performs a biopsychosocial assessment of the patient during which she discloses many different concerns. To determine the targets of treatment for this patient, the social worker should do which of the following?

Meet with the treatment team to review the assessment findings and the patient's priorities.

A client resists the social worker's efforts to draw him out during the initial phase of therapy, and she hypothesizes that this is because he is angry that he had to wait a long time to get an appointment with her. The client never says he is angry, but he talks at length about his efforts to schedule an appointment and tells the social worker many times how frustrated he felt about having to wait. Which of the following strategies should the social worker use to address this client's resistance?

Mirror his feelings

With regard to schizophrenia, there is some evidence that the higher rate found among African American individuals may be due to:

Misdiagnosis

A white social worker has been providing individual therapy to a 25-year-old man who immigrated to the United States from El Salvador 18 months ago. The client was referred for help several months ago by his doctor because of anxiety stemming from his difficulties adjusting to living in the U.S. One week ago, the client was hired by a general contractor, and, in the current session, he tells the social worker that this job will not only improve his own life, but also enable him to send money to his family in El Salvador. The social worker responds to this news by asking, "How much money do you plan to send to your family?" The social worker's response is an example of which of the following?

Misunderstanding resulting from cultural differences.

A social worker treating a client with obsessive-compulsive disorder is using exposure in vivo and response prevention. Which of the following is MOST likely to occur early during this treatment?

More anxiety

Research investigating high-risk situations associated with relapse for a variety of addictive and other problem behaviors has shown that which of the following account for nearly three-fourths of relapse incidents?

Negative emotional states, interpersonal conflicts, and social pressure.

A client has a long history of heavy alcohol use. Although he has been sober for three months, he is now exhibiting symptoms of cognitive impairment. It would be MOST important to refer this client to which of the following?

Neurologist

A social worker has met with a client twice and formulated a provisional diagnosis which he provides to her insurance company. After he sees the client two more times, the social worker receives a phone call from the insurance company in which he is asked if he has changed his diagnosis of the client. Which of the following is MOST likely to cause a social worker to change a diagnosis after an initial assessment

New information about the etiology of the clients symptoms.

A client reports that he's worried because his 4-year-old son has an imaginary playmate. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Normalize the boys behavior

A social worker is working in individual therapy with an older female client and he finds himself becoming irritated at the client during sessions. He tells his supervisor about this. What should the supervisor do FIRST?

Normalize the feelings and explore what underlies them.

Which of the following is NOT categorized as an anxiety disorder in the DSM-5?

Obsessive-compulsive disorder.

What are the core ethical principles that social work researchers must take into account when conducting research on human subjects?

Obtain informed consent, minimize harm, protect confidentiality, avoid deception and give participants withdrawal rights.

A new client has been referred by his psychiatrist. The client complains of depression. He says he's been feeling sluggish and unhappy for months and can't sleep well at night. He adds that he's been spending a lot of time alone because he doesn't feel like being around other people. When the social worker questions him, he denies having any suicidal thoughts, though he does say that he's tired of feeling "so down." What is the BEST way to provide treatment in this case?

Offer individual therapy.

A gay man presents for individual therapy shortly after coming out to his pastor. The client has attended this church for five years and had a good connection with his pastor, but now the pastor avoids him. The client adds that he feels alienated at his church now and that this experience is making him question his faith. In addressing the presenting problem in this case, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Offer the client referral to a local church where he will find acceptance and be more comfortable

A social worker is meeting with a 21-year-old Korean-American woman who immigrated to the U.S. four years ago with her family. In the interview, the client reports that she suffers from aches and pains and occasional insomnia. She doesn't describe any other symptoms or disclose information about her personal life or family. She says she has come in only because her doctor told her to. What should the social worker do?

Offer the client referral to a pastor at the local Korean church.

A client who has been experiencing chronic pain reports that her physician has prescribed an opioid analgesic. The client then says that she doesn't want to take the drug because her brother is a former drug addict and she, herself, has had problems with alcohol in the past. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Offer to discuss the issue with the client's physician.

The client is a 6-year-old child who has become withdrawn at home and school, and as part of the assessment, the social worker interviews the child and observes her while she plays with toys. Which of the following would be MOST effective for facilitating the interview with this child?

Offering the child a concrete set of answers to choose from to elicit a greater amount of information.

A social worker has been working in individual therapy with a client who has a substance use disorder and has agreed to abstain from using substances. The client has also been attending 12-Step meetings. In the current session, the client presents, for the first time, with depression-like symptoms. The social worker learns that the client has been using again. The client's depression-like symptoms suggest that she may be experiencing which of the following?

Opioid withdrawn

Use of which of the following substances is NOT likely to produce a substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder?

Opioids

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a classical bureaucracy?

Overlapping roles and functions.

A 48-year-old woman is admitted to the emergency room of a hospital, complaining of chest pain and shortness of breath. While being interviewed, she is very restless and often gets up to pace back and forth. She says she has had similar "attacks" in the past, but that this one is the worst. She also states that the attacks sometimes occur when she's concerned about getting bad news; but, most of the time, they don't seem to be related to anything and they make her feel like she's "going to die." Assuming that there is no medical explanation for the woman's symptoms, the MOST likely DSM-5 diagnosis is which of the following?

Panic disorder

The mother of a teenage girl discovers that her daughter has stolen clothing and costume jewelry from the boutique where she works part time after school. Her father works in a tool factory; he often takes tools from the factory without permission and uses them in his home workshop. This situation is an example of which of the following?

Parental superego lacunae

Which of the following suggests that a DSM-5 diagnosis of anorexia nervosa is more appropriate than a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa?

Persistent restriction of energy intake.

The client is a 35-year-old Asian-American woman referred by her pastor. The client immigrated to the U.S. five years ago with her husband and son. The social worker learns that the client still adheres to the traditional values of her native culture. Given this information, the social worker would expect that this client is likely to consider which of the following to be the MOST acceptable topic for discussion with him?

Physical symptoms.

A social worker finds that she is having sexual thoughts about a client she has been treating in individual therapy for five months. From an ethical standpoint, what should the social worker do?

Seek consultation with a colleague to determine how best to handle this situation.

A 19 year old who lives with his parents has sought therapy for help getting his life "on track" following a series of job losses and interpersonal failures. The social worker discovers that the client tends to passively resist doing what authority figures ask him to do, to a point where his supervisor at work has threatened to fire him and his parents have asked him to move out. During last week's session, the social worker raised the issue of the client's characteristic response to authority, and he changed the subject without acknowledging what she said. The social worker raises the issue again in the current session, and the client just sits there, silently. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Point out the pattern of behavior and help the client explore its effects.

A client reports being very angry at a noisy neighbor and wanting revenge. The client is known to have a short temper and has been physically aggressive in the past. What should the social worker do during this interview to address the client's potential for violent behavior?

Pose questions to determine the client's intentions.

A child does not like broccoli. His parents tell him that he must eat his broccoli before he watches television. The parents have used which of the following?

Premack principle.

The majority of cases of intellectual disability with a known cause are attributable to which of the following?

Prenatal factors.

A social worker who is interviewing a 4-year-old girl who was molested by a neighbor should be aware of which of the following?

Preschoolers are more vulnerable to suggestion than older children

State legislators can be involved in decisions related to which of the following?

Privilege.

A social worker's new clients are a father, mother, and teenage son. The parents ask for help with managing their son; they say that he is defiant and a "trouble-maker" at school. At home, he rebels against their authority, particularly his mother's. The father says that he was a "rebel" when he was a teenager; he recalls getting into a lot of trouble at school. He says, "My kid is like a carbon copy of me; I tell him that all the time." The boy smiles when his father says this. An object-relations therapist might say that the boy's symptoms are an expression of which of the following?

Projective identification.

The parents of a 6-year-old girl have just learned that their daughter has ADHD, predominantly hyperactive/impulsive type, and they are "at a loss." When the social worker begins discussing the possibility of incorporating treatment for the whole family, the parents say that they don't want to participate in therapy - they just want the social worker to "fix" their daughter so that she won't be such a handful at home. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Provide psychoeducation to the parents about hyperactivity and its treatment.

A client reports feeling anxious since starting a new job three months ago. He feels inadequate and irritable on most days because it's been hard to juggle working more hours with his other obligations. His girlfriend has been accusing him of ignoring her. He wants to please her but he also wants to succeed at work, and this is making him feel tired all the time. He says he wants to feel like himself again - like someone who "has it together." How should the social worker approach treatment in this case?

Provide stress management training.

A social worker receives a request for information about a client's treatment from the client's insurance carrier. The request for a treatment report includes the appropriate signed authorization from the client. What should the social worker do?

Provide the information requested.

Which of the following functions or roles is associated with both supervision and case consultation?

Providing education, recognizing when social workers have work-related problems, Opportunities for direct contact with the agency's clients, Decision-making authority.

To understand what influences their clients' development and behavior, social workers often use a multidimensional framework that includes three main dimensions. Which dimension is concerned with social regulation and early attachment?

Psychological

A social worker's new client is a 45-year-old woman who has been divorced for 10 years. The presenting problem concerns her 21-year-old daughter who lives with her. The daughter is supposed to pay rent and help with household chores but rarely does. The client admits that she often gives her daughter "pocket money." She also says that she's worried her daughter uses drugs because the she goes out at night with friends and sometimes doesn't come home until the next morning. After acknowledging what the client has shared to this point, what should the social worker do NEXT?

Question and observe the client to gain an understanding of how she perceives and handles the presenting problem.

A local youth minister collects amateur pornography videotapes. He also has a huge collection of nude photographs of young boys. He gets his material through Internet sites, and neither his wife nor anyone in his community knows of his interests. In fact, he is well respected and considered a good role model for the children. Recently, he initiated a group that lobbies against child pornography. This is an example of which defense mechanism?

Reaction formation

A client diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder is MOST likely to rely heavily on which of the following defense mechanisms?

Reaction formation, isolation of affect, undoing.

The social action model of community organizing emphasizes which of the following goals?

Reallocation of resources

A social worker works at a community center for older adults. He sees a 71-year-old woman who visits the center on a weekly basis; the woman is usually disheveled and unclean, but otherwise, she appears healthy, both physically and mentally. The woman lives by herself; her husband died 10 years ago and her children live in another state. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Recognize that the center may not meet all of the woman's needs and refer her to other services in the community.

A mother brings her 6-year-old daughter in for evaluation and treatment. The girl is clingy and fearful, looks scared, and doesn't make eye contact. The mother tells the social worker that the girl has no friends at school. In light of the mother's report, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Recognize the possibility that this girl has been abused and assess accordingly.

A social worker has been working for several months in individual therapy with a client and has developed a therapeutic relationship with him. The client is progressing well. The client loses his job and can't afford to pay the social worker's fee anymore. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Reduce her fee for this client or offer him shorter sessions

A social worker who is a recovering alcoholic begins to drink again. After several weeks, she is drinking heavily every evening after work and having a few beers with her lunch, even though she sees clients in the afternoon. To behave in an ethical manner, what should the social worker do?

Refer her clients and seek treatment.

A caseworker has been working with a 13-year-old child in the foster care system. She has struggled to adjust after several disruptions in foster care, and her teachers report behavioral problems and truancy at school. She has recently become combative and disruptive with her new foster family. How should the caseworker support the child and her foster family?

Refer the child to a social worker who can provide more one-on-one counseling

A social worker begins assessment of a new client, and after one session with her, realizes that she needs long-term psychotherapy. The client has insurance that covers only 10 sessions and she can't afford to pay even social worker's lowest fee. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Refer the client to a low-fee community-based clinic.

During a meeting with a social worker, a client discloses that he is taking his wife's medication for depression. He explains that he feels better when he does so and has been taking the medication for over a year. When asked what kind of medication he takes, the client says, "It's Prozac, but sometimes I also take my wife's Xanax." The client is also on Clonidine which was prescribed by his physician for high blood pressure. Regarding the client's medication use, what is the BEST action for the social worker to take?

Refer the client to a psychiatrist.

The client is a middle-aged married man with an episodic drinking problem. He says that he can go for weeks without a drink and that he has not had any alcohol for nearly three weeks. The client's wife is supportive of him and describes him as a good husband and father, in spite of his drinking. The client has, however, had many job difficulties as a result of excessive drinking. What is the BEST way for the social worker to arrange treatment this case?

Refer the client to an intensive outpatient program.

The client is a man who reports feeling mildly depressed and moderately anxious. He tells the social worker that his wife is a terrible housekeeper and that their house often smells like rotten food. He says he smells food all over the place. He also reports that he sometimes feels as though roaches are crawling on him at night. His wife insists that their house is clean and that she has never felt roaches crawling on her. In light of this information, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Refer the man to a neurologist for an evaluation.

A physician refers a terminally ill woman to a social worker. The physician says that the woman would like help writing her will, and the woman confirms that this is what she wants. What should the social worker do?

Refer the woman to an attorney.

A key component of empathy is which of the following?

Reflecting the clients feelings.

Which of the following skills is MOST associated with active listening?

Reflecting.

An attorney phones a social worker and requests that she send him a copy of one of her client's records. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Refuse to release the records.

What is the primary focus of interventions made by child protective service agencies?

Rehabilitating abusive parents

A social worker has been providing psychotherapy to an adult male who is on probation. The client was ordered into therapy by the court and has been cooperating. One day, his probation officer contacts you and requests information about how the client is progressing in therapy. How BEST should you handle this request?

Release information to the probation officer only if you have the clients permission to do so.

The client is a 29-year-old woman with a history of drug use and psychosis who is currently exhibiting mild psychotic symptoms. She informs the social worker that she has been using nonprescription drugs, including speed. Her mother corroborates this and also tells the social worker that the client has been refusing to take her prescribed antipsychotic medication. The client lives with her family but, as a result of her recent behavior, the family is afraid to be around her. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Release the client to the care of a psychiatrist

Numerous researchers have investigated the effects of religion on self-esteem and self-image for adolescents. Overall, these studies have shown that:

Religious youth who are active in their church appear to have higher self-esteem and more positive attitudes about life than non-religious youth.

A social worker has been working in individual therapy with a 17-year-old client. During a session, the client reports that she was raped a few months ago. She refuses to tell the social worker who raped her. The client then abruptly says that, in fact, she was not raped. What should the social worker do?

Remind the client of the limitations to confidentiality and file a child abuse report.

An adolescent with a history of aggressive behavior has been referred for individual therapy from a juvenile detention facility. The client also has a history of alcohol use and school truancy. In a session with the social worker, the client says, "I can't stand this kid I know, Pete. He's a total douche, and I'm going to get him." What should the social worker do FIRST in this situation?

Remind the client of the limitations to his right of confidentiality and of her related legal obligations.

A social worker discovers that a former client has filed a complaint against him with the state board. The board contacts the social worker asking for his clinical records on this client. What should the social worker do?

Submit the records.

A social worker has been working with a family that includes the parents and two children; the focus of intervention has been on communication difficulties between the parents and children. During a session, the social worker learns that the teenage daughter has been beating up her 7-year-old brother on a frequent basis. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Remind the family about the limitations to their right of confidentiality and file a child abuse report.

Which of the following is the BEST description of accommodation, as described by Piaget?

Restructuring of cognitive schema to account for new information.

Which of the following theories is primarily concerned with how individuals are influenced by their social position?

Role theory.

The client is a 24-year-old woman who gave birth to a premature boy four months ago. She reports getting little prenatal care while pregnant with her son and smoking cigarettes during her pregnancy. Her son weighed about 4 pounds when he was born and had fairly low Apgar scores. He remained in the hospital for two months but now lives at home with the client and her boyfriend. The client is feeling anxious about motherhood because her first child, who was fussy but seemed healthy, died at age 5 months. This information suggests that the new baby is MOST at risk for which of the following?

SIDS.

A social worker has been working in short-term individual therapy with a client for four sessions. The client has not made any progress yet. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Schedule a case consultation.

An adult client would be MOST likely to give which of the following reasons for leaving group therapy prematurely?

Scheduling conflicts.

Grandiosity is NOT a characteristic symptom of which of the following disorders?

Schizoid personality disorder

A high-school senior is brought in for evaluation by his mother who is concerned because the boy is hearing voices and has withdrawn from his friends and family. He has no other symptoms. What is the MOST likely diagnosis for this boy?

Schizophreniform disorder.

A social worker is conducting a womens group for codependency issues. A client who identifies as transgender would like to join the group. What is the BEST response by the social worker?

Screen the client for appropriateness of fit within the group based upon the group requirements

A social worker is working in individual therapy with a client who has a history of lying and conning people. The client tends to flatter the social worker and ask her for special favors such as deferring his fee and extending his sessions. The social worker feels as though the client is always testing her and, lately, she's been finding it harder to maintain the limits she set with him at the beginning of therapy. Last week, the social worker allowed the client an extra 15 minutes at the end of his session because he'd arrived late. To handle this situation properly, what should the social worker do?

Seek consultation with someone who can be objective

A social worker begins working in individual therapy with an adult client. In their second meeting, the social worker discovers that the client's values differ markedly from his own. What is the social worker BEST course of action ?

Seek consultation.

In the first interview, the parents of a 7-year-old boy report having difficulty dealing with the boy's recent behavior. He was caught stealing money from his mother's purse a week ago and has collected an array of pencils, crayons, and other school items from his class that don't belong to him. In light of the parents' report, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Seek permission from the parents to consult with the boys teacher.

Which of the following principles is MOST associated with living wills?

Self-determination.

An 11-month-old baby becomes very upset when his mother leaves the room for a few minutes. This MOST likely reflects which of the following?

Separation anxiety

A social worker is meeting with a mother and her 9-year-old daughter. Since the death of her father two months ago, the 9 year old has been having great difficulty being apart from her mother. She has been begging to stay at home with her mother during the school day and having dreams about people leaving her alone. The MOST likely diagnosis for this girl is which of the following?

Separation anxiety disorder.

A couple who has been married for 10 years seeks therapy from a social worker because the husband is considering a divorce. The clients report that they've grown apart, and the husband says he's feeling more and more unhappy. He thinks he still loves his wife, though, because he's so uncertain about whether to divorce her. He says that, while it's often hard to live with her, it's also hard to imagine living without her. The couple is upset by the impasse, and the husband is anxious to make a final decision. They ask the social worker to see them for three sessions so that she can help the husband decide whether to stay in the marriage or leave it. The social worker believes that this time-frame is unrealistic. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Share her concerns about the time-frame and explore alternatives with the couple.

A social worker is meeting for the first time with an involuntary client who has been mandated by the court to attend therapy. What should the social worker do FIRST in this meeting?

Share what she knows about why the client has come in and invite the client to share his side of the story.

During an acute phase of her illness, a woman with schizophrenia is brought to a psychiatric hospital by her father and admitted to the facility voluntarily. Just one day after entering the hospital, the patient becomes very upset and demands to be released immediately. Her condition has not improved at all, and it's clear to medical staff at the hospital that she should not be released yet because she's incapable of caring for herself safely right now and may harm herself. Which of the following is true about this patient?

She can be involuntarily hospitalized.

A 22-year-old man was recently released from jail and referred to the social worker by a physician. The client has had symptoms of conduct disorder since adolescence and abuses alcohol. He resists the social worker's efforts to draw him out and repeatedly challenges her right to ask him questions about his personal life. The client was in jail because he vandalized a local church. He tells the social worker that he worships the devil and thinks that people who worship God are fools. It would be acceptable for the social worker to refer this client to a different service provider for any of the following reasons EXCEPT:

She finds him difficult to work with because he's refusing to cooperate with her.

A social worker has been working in individual therapy for 11 months with an adult client. The client has met her treatment goals and reports being very satisfied with what she accomplished in therapy. The social worker brings up the topic of termination, and the client reacts by beginning to question whether therapy has helped her enough and then criticizing the way the social worker "pressured" her when she stopped making progress for a while a few months back. The client's behavior MOST likely reflects which of the following?

She is struggling with the sense that she is about to lose something of value.

A social worker is assessing a 4-year-old who was brought in by her parents following a recommendation by the pediatrician. The parents are worried that their child is developing too slowly. Which of the following findings, if true about this child, would reflect something that is considered developmentally appropriate for a 4 year old?

She still engages in magical thinking.

A social worker is providing case management services to a 27-year-old woman who lost her cashier job a month ago and is running out of money and afraid that she'll lose her apartment soon because of unpaid bills. The client has few job skills and has always had trouble supporting herself, but things have gotten even harder because she's been caring for her older sister who has cancer. The client says she feels helpless and unprepared to deal with the emotional blow she'll suffer if her sister dies. She's not sure if her sister is receiving good medical care but doesn't know where to turn for help. She says there are "road blocks" everywhere. In light of all of this information, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Show his competence through a concrete demonstration of helping.

Nina is an 87-year-old who has been referred for counseling services by the court. She has recently had a conservator appointed for her, due to being cheated out of much of her life savings by several scam artists. She is currently involved in a situation with a lending agency that, due to its unscrupulous practices, will probably result in the loss of her home. Which of the following factors were MORE likely to have made Nina more susceptible to financial exploitation?

Social isolation, cultural etiquette, cognitive changes, poor physical health.

The client is a middle-aged Hispanic man with a wife and two kids. He seems very anxious in the first interview and reports that he just lost his job. What environmental factors should be emphasized at intake?

Socioeconomic and interpersonal relationships

A health social worker at a hospital conducts an evaluation to assess the psychological and social concerns of a patient who needs heart surgery. In doing so, the social worker asks the patient questions about his financial resources. What is the primary reason why the social worker would evaluate the patient's financial well-being?

Socioeconomic factors impact access to services and resources and this may need to be addressed in the intervention

Which of the following differences between a therapist and client is generally considered to be the MOST difficult to overcome in forming a therapeutic alliance?

Socioeconomic status.

Preschoolers' autobiographical (episodic) memories are _______________ accurate.

Sometimes

When using the DSM-5, a child with dyslexia who has not responded to interventions that target his reading problems would receive a diagnosis of:

Specific learning disorder with impairment in reading

A social worker is meeting with a mother, father, and their 4-year-old daughter. During the interview, the girl sits on the floor a few feet away from her parents and flicks her hands repeatedly. What DSM-5 diagnosis is MOST indicated for this girl?

Stereotypic movement disorder.

A 19-year-old client who lives at home with his parents has been uncharacteristically hostile toward them and has seemed confused. The client mentions having bouts of extreme fatigue and is very thin. What diagnosis should be considered FIRST?

Stimulant use disorder

The client is a 12-year-old boy who has been diagnosed with a tic disorder. His parents are concerned and ask the social worker how they can help their son control his symptoms. They ask her whether stress plays any part in their son's tic disorder. What should the social worker tell them?

Stressful events can exacerbate (worsen) the symptoms of a tic disorder

A social worker is meeting with a family of three, including the father, mother, and a 13-year-old son. The parents report that the son has been acting out ever since he became a teenager - failing to do chores, talking back to them - and that all of their efforts to discipline him have failed. He used to "shape up" when they took away his Internet privileges or allowance, but now he continues to disobey them. The boy says he wants more freedom to manage his own time and doesn't want his parents to regiment his life so much. The social worker observes that the parents are highly involved in the details of the boy's life, bicker a lot, and seem reluctant to change the way they've been managing their son. What approach to family therapy would be MOST useful in this case?

Structural.

A woman has been taking care of her 77-year-old father ever since he had a stroke several months ago. Recently, the father's cognitive functioning has declined significantly and his medical needs have become too great for his daughter to meet. The man's physician gives them the name of a complete care nursing facility in their community. The daughter is distraught about the prospect of leaving her father in the care of strangers and insists that she wants to continue caring for him at home. She has been referred to the social worker by her father's physician. Which of the following actions should the social worker take to address the problem described in this case?

Suggest that the woman tour the facility.

During the initial interview, a client reports a loss of appetite, sleep difficulty, and spells of sadness and weeping. What should the social worker assess FIRST?

Suicide potential

A social worker has been working with a client who was diagnosed with schizophrenia five years ago and has been taking a conventional (first-generation) antipsychotic drug on a regular basis for almost five years. The client has fairly frequent appointments with a psychiatrist who prescribed the medication and monitors his reaction to it. Although the client has been hospitalized as a result of his illness in the past, he now lives in a half-way house in the community. He recently started individual therapy with the social worker, and she is helping him cope with and manage intense feelings of anxiety that emerged a few months ago. During a session, the social worker notices that the client is displaying frequent facial tics, which he says he can't control. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Suspect that the tics are a side-effect of the client's medication and arrange for him to see his psychiatrist.

A national survey finds that, while most people are in favor of integration in the workplace, the majority also oppose affirmative action. This finding is BEST explained by which of the following?

Symbolic racism theory

According to the DSM-5, a person intoxicated on either cannabis or cocaine is likely to exhibit which of the following signs or symptoms?

Tachycardia

The parents of a preschooler, age 3, request an evaluation of their child because he seems like a "loner." They worry that he may have autism spectrum disorder because he plays by himself in day-care rather than interacting with the other children. When questioned by the social worker, the parents report no other significant concerns about the boy. What should the social worker do FIRST?

Talk to the parents about normal play behavior at this age.

The presence of extinction for an operant behavior means which of the following?

The behavior has ceased.

Generally speaking, the psychological adjustment of children with chronic illness is MOST dependent on which of the following?

The childs level of functional impairment.

A social worker is preparing to terminate therapy with a client who has successfully met all of his treatment goals. During the termination phase, the client begins displaying some of the symptoms he exhibited at the beginning of treatment. From a psychodynamic perspective, what is happening?

The client is relying on defense mechanisms.

A 42-year-old woman has been referred to a social worker's agency by a therapist who treated the client for depression about a year ago. The therapist has provided the client's record. The client recently lost her husband in a car accident. She is having difficulty managing her feelings about this and has withdrawn from her family and friends. She doesn't say much when responding to the social worker's initial questions. What would be the reason why the social worker would NOT perform an intake dialogue with this client?

The client turns out to be in crisis.

A social worker is preparing to use a single-subject design to evaluate changes in her client's behavior. In this situation, the dependent variable is which of the following?

The client's behavior.

A social worker is working in individual therapy with an American Indian teenager who was adopted by a white family when he was 5 years old. The social worker opens a discussion about the client's American Indian heritage but the client demonstrates no interest and changes the subject. What is the MOST likely reason for this?

The clients developmental stage

A social worker is meeting for the first time with a middle-aged client who is caring for her elderly father who's been a widower for several years. The father has mild cognitive impairment and difficulty getting around due to physical pain. He lives with the client, her husband, and their three children. In this meeting, the client says she resents her older sister for only helping out on weekends. The client then confesses that she also resents her father sometimes. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate assessment of this situation?

The clients feelings are not unusual under the circumstances

A social worker needs to perform a suicide evaluation of a client who reports feeling depressed and having thoughts about death. What should the social worker assess FIRST?

The clients plan for committing suicide.

A social worker's client is angry at his neighbor for cutting down a large tree that afforded the client privacy in his backyard. The client is agitated and tense as he describes this event and says that he and the neighbor had a heated argument about it the day before, in which the neighbor called him a loser. The client has a history of poor impulse control, including stealing and excessive alcohol use. He has been arrested on several occasions for bar fights that he initiated and has spent time in jail. Which of the following factors present in this case is the BEST predictor of whether this client is likely to be violent toward his neighbor?

The clients prior violent behavior

In a family in which a father has molested his daughter, desired change is MOST likely to occur when which of the following happens?

The daughter acknowledges the abuse.

A social worker begins working in family therapy with a mother, father, and 13-year-old daughter. The family immigrated to the United States from Mexico two years ago. The parents report that they have been arguing with their daughter more often than usual. They say that the girl is less obedient than she used to be. What is the MOST likely explanation for this situation?

The daughter is more acculturated than her parents.

A social worker worked for three weeks in individual therapy with a client suffering from major depressive disorder with peripartum onset. The client was beginning to show improvement but then stopped coming to treatment. What is the BEST way for the social worker to interpret this situation?

The depression has gotten worse and the client may need a medical evaluation.

A client, age 42, has sought therapy because she wants to change a long-standing pattern of passivity and low self-esteem. The client reports being unable to stand up to other people, including her husband and co-workers, and avoiding conflict with her children. She says she can't remember the last time she expressed her own opinions or wishes, and now she feels as though her own needs are never met. The social worker and client agree that a treatment goal will be for the client to behave more assertively in her relationships with others. When evaluating the client's progress toward this goal, the social worker should emphasize which of the following?

The extent to which the changes have generalized to relationships outside the treatment setting.

Which of the following usually cannot consent to mental health treatment for a child?

The foster parent.

The parents of an 11-year-old girl are going through a divorce and are concerned about how their daughter will react to this. The father meets with a social worker to get information and advice. He asks about typical reactions among children in his daughter's age group. What should the social worker tell him about this?

The girl probably wont feel responsible for the divorce but may feel that her parents marriage can be fixed.

A social worker is providing group-based social skills training to a group of adolescents. In his effort to maximize the effectiveness of this training, the social worker should be MOST concerned about which of the following?

The group members' active involvement.

Why is six to eight weeks considered the optimal time-frame for crisis intervention?

The life-span of a crisis is about that long.

An 11-year-old girl shows up by herself at a community clinic. She requests therapy from one of the social workers and says she doesn't want her parents to know about it. How could the social worker fulfill this girl's request?

The social worker cannot treat this girl without parental consent.

A social worker decides to terminate treatment with a 70-year-old man because the man has seemed unwilling to become actively involved in therapy. Instead, the man has spent his sessions with her talking about the past. This information suggests which of the following?

The social worker didnt recognize the value of what the man was doing in his sessions.

A young heterosexual couple seeks therapy because they fight too much. They are on the verge of ending their relationship because they can't communicate well. They say, "It's like we're two different species when we try to talk about things." Based on his knowledge of research on communication style and gender, the social worker would be MOST likely to suspect that which of the following is true about this couple's communication?

The man prefers talking about activities, while the woman prefers talking about feelings.

Erikson identifies identity formation as the key psychosocial task during adolescence. At age 17 or 18, this task begins to be replaced by which of the following?

The need to develop interpersonal closeness and solidarity

It would be MOST appropriate for a social worker to refer a client for psychological testing when:

The other means used to assess the client have failed to clarify her level of functioning

The label "primary" when applied to a sexual dysfunction means which of the following?

The person's sexual problem has been present since his or her first sexual experiences.

The client is a divorced mother who recently received an eviction notice from her landlord. She would like to contact a lawyer about this but can't afford to pay for legal services. The client has been arguing with her ex-husband lately because he's been late with the child support payments and she needs the money to fix her car which broke down a week ago. The client also reports concerns about her son who has been acting out ever since entering middle school and seems "kind of upset all the time." She doesn't know how to help him or why he's upset. After partializing the client's problems, what would the social worker and this client deal with FIRST?

The problems that need immediate attention

A social work professor has designed a research project regarding the impact of various factors on how students interact with each other during group assignments. He is requiring all his students to participate and has them sign an informed consent document. One student objects to being included in the project, and the professor gives him a failing grade because of it. Which of the following statements is MOST true?

The professor should have given the student an alternate assignment to be graded on a similar scale to participation in the research.

The BEST overall focus for performance appraisals of social workers employed at an agency would be which of the following?

The quality and quantity of their output

A social worker has been helping a client who is facing an "approach-approach" conflict to make a difficult choice: The client had been unemployed for a few months and was suddenly offered two equally attractive jobs with equally good pay. In sessions, he and the social worker have examined the pros and cons of each job, and the client has finally made a decision. Now that the client has selected one equally attractive alternative over the other (resolved his approach-approach conflict), which of the following is likely to occur as a result?

The selected job will seem more attractive, and the unselected job will seem less attractive

A social worker who is also a teacher at the local community college is providing counseling to a newly married couple who is having trouble adapting to married life. After getting their permission to do so, the social worker videotapes the couple during one of their sessions. What is true about this situation?

The social worker can use the tape in a college lecture if he gets signed permission to do so from the clients.

A social worker is consulting with a colleague about a therapeutic impasse with a client. Regarding confidentiality in this situation, which of the following is true?

The social worker does not have to advise the client of the consultation as long as she does not disclose information that would reveal the client's identity to the consultant.

An older social worker begins missing work more frequently, is tired, and has been feeling very irritable. While her cases have been quite intense, she has been late to a few appointments and hasnt been eating well. Based upon the limited information, what is the MOST likely reason for the social workers behavior?

The social worker is feeling burnout and/or compassion fatigue.

A social worker learned during a therapy session that his client physically abuses her 10-year-old son, and he is now preparing to file a child abuse report. According to the NASW Code of Ethics, which of the following is true?

The social worker is not required to notify the client in advance that he is making the report.

A client has been required to receive therapy as a condition of her probation and tells the social worker that she is coming to therapy only to avoid jail time and doesn't think she needs help. Regarding informed consent in this situation, which of the following is true?

The social worker must get the clients informed consent

For a social worker who is a covered entity, which of the following is required under HIPAA's Privacy Rule?

The social worker must give the Notice of Privacy Practices to clients at the beginning of or before the first session.

A social worker who has videotaped a client in a session (with the client's permission) uses the videotapes during a class presentation without informing the client. Before doing so, she consulted with her supervisor for advice regarding whether or not this practice is ethical. Her supervisor told her that using the videotapes in this manner would be ethical. Who is responsible for this ethical violation?

The supervisor and the social worker.

Which of the following is required for a valid claim of malpractice?

The therapist may or may not have had malevolent intentions, but there must be a causal connection between the therapists actions and the harm suffered by the client.

A client's symptoms are markedly diminished during sleep. Based on this fact alone, which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis for this client?

Tic disorder.

Which of the following behavioral techniques involves the individual losing all opportunities for reinforcement for a short period of time

Time-out.

The client is a chiropractor who recently moved to the city where the social worker practices and has sought therapy to overcome mild social anxiety that makes it difficult for him to date. The client is still working to rebuild his practice in his new city, so he is short on money. In the first session, he says he can't afford to pay the social worker much right now but offers to provide him with chiropractic care in exchange for therapy services. What is the social workers ethical responsibility in this situation?

To decline the clients offer and explore what other alternatives are available.

What is the primary purpose of quality assurance?

To determine whether patient services meet predefined standards

When asked by the social worker why he has come in, a client says he has low self-esteem and a lack of direction in his life and wants that to change. In the first interview with this man, which of the following should be the social worker's primary objective?

To establish rapport.

The client is a 35-year-old woman who reports feeling anxious and unable to hold a job. In the initial phase of therapy, the social worker performs a multidimensional assessment of the client in which he gathers information from a variety of relevant sources and formulates that information into a coherent picture of the client and her circumstances. What is the social worker's primary purpose in conducting an assessment of this client?

To facilitate the development of appropriate treatment goals and objectives.

What is the primary purpose of using self-directed strategies (i.e., self-instruction, self-monitoring, or self-reinforcement) in treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

To help clients gain more control over their own behavior and rely less on support from others.

What is the primary role of a school social worker?

To link the school, home, and community.

A social worker is providing case management services to a client who has been diagnosed with cancer. The client reports that she feels ignored by her doctor who tends to brush off her questions and has provided her with little information about her illness, treatment alternatives, or what side-effects she can expect. When she has pressed him for information, he has told her to talk to the nurses at the hospital or do an Internet search for information. After exploring this problem in some depth and then trying unsuccessfully to negotiate with the doctor, the social worker determines that case advocacy is called for and the client agrees. The social worker's FIRST step in advocating on behalf of this client should be which of the following?

To make a direct appeal on her behalf.

Why do social workers perform self-assessments?

To monitor their professional strengths and weaknesses.

Which of the following describes an important goal Title XX of the Social Security Act Amendments of 1974?

To provide social services to low-income people in a more economical way.

A client seeks therapy for depression related to a trauma he experienced in adolescence. During session, he discloses information to the social worker that he says hes never shared with anyone else before. He asks the social worker to keep that information out of his therapy record. What are the social workers ethical responsibilities in this situation?

To record the information if it is relevant to treatment and store his record in a way that preserves confidentiality.

A social worker meets with a client who is an inmate in the local prison. The client is a transgender person who started hormone therapy shortly before he was incarcerated. The client tells the social worker that the prison doctor has been refusing to give him the hormones and that no one at the prison is paying attention to his complaints about this. What is the social worker's role in this case?

To work for and with the client to ensure that he receives the medical care he is entitled to.

A social worker is MOST likely to recommend muscle relaxation exercises for which of the following conditions?

Tourette's disorder.

The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) would be MOST useful for which of the following purposes?

Tracking a clients progress during the course therapy.

During a home visit, a client says that she would like her sister, who is visiting from across town, to be present during the interview. The social worker's BEST course of action is to:

respect the clients preference and allow the sister to attend the interview.

A mental status examination is LEAST useful for which of the following purposes?

Understanding how elements within a client's environment interact to maintain his problem.

A family has been referred by their pediatrician because the 9-month-old daughter is underweight and doesn't eat adequately. The pediatrician has ruled out a medical condition that could account for the problem, and the child has been diagnosed with nonorganic failure to thrive. Given this diagnosis, which of the following is the social worker LEAST likely to find when he evaluates this family?

Unsanitary living conditions and high levels of lead in the home.

When using the DSM-5, a social worker or other clinician would code which of the following when a client has symptoms that do not meet the diagnostic criteria for a specific disorder and the clinician does not want to specify the reason why?

Unspecified disorder

A social worker has been seeing a client who has been diagnosed with a psychotic disorder for a few months. At the start of therapy, he was on regular anti-psychotic medication that was helping him to maintain stable employment at a part-time job as well as improving his relationships with his family. However, during todays session he explains how he thinks he may want to stop taking medication because he does not like the side effects. What would be the social workers NEXT response?

Utilize active listening and reflection to demonstrate empathy for the clients. Engage him in discussing the behaviors that have resulted from being on his medication

A client who is currently experiencing domestic violence comes into your agency for support. A clinician who is well trained in trauma-informed care practice conducts an initial safety planning session with the client. Which of the following questions will the practitioner NOT ask the client during her session?

What happened the last time your partner hit you?

When a referral is considered complete?

When social worker has followed up to find out what the client's experience with the referral resource was like

A social worker begins working in couples therapy with a husband and wife. The couple sought help because they had been arguing daily and felt as though they couldn't communicate with each other. During the first two sessions, the social worker focuses on eliciting information from the wife who is withdrawn and doesn't volunteer information on her own. The social worker validates the wife's feelings of frustration and tries to offer her hope that, together, they can find solutions to the couple's problems. In the next session, the husband says to the social worker, "You have taken my wife's side and ignored how I feel. We won't be back to see you after today." What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Validate the husband's concerns, admit her error, and try to re-establish the therapeutic relationship.

A social worker whose private practice is located in an urban setting has many clients who are poor and live in impoverished parts of the city. Some of her clients fail to show up for their appointments or show up late. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for this?

Value differences that impede trust and/or effective treatment.

During adolescence, peer pressure is LEAST likely to impact which of the following?

Values.

A social worker helps a severely hearing-impaired client secure a job interview for a position as a computer technician at a local company. The client has experience as a computer technician and has been unemployed for about a year. During the job interview, the company's manager tells the client that he is concerned about hiring him because no one at the company knows American Sign Language. The client reports this to the social worker. As this client's advocate, what should the social worker do FIRST?

Verify that the client can perform the essential functions of the job he interviewed for.

A young woman who was recently admitted to an inpatient treatment center for drug addiction tells the social worker at the center that she wants a pass to leave the facility so that she can go visit her mother who is very sick and may die. What is the social worker's BEST course of action?

Verify that the mother is sick before arranging for the pass.

Which of the following alcohol-related diseases is the MOST serious or life threatening?

Wernicke-Korsakoffs syndrome.

The immigrant paradox refers to which of the following?

While immigrants immigrate to the United States in pursuit of a better life and better opportunities for their children, the more time they spend here, the worse educational and mental health outcomes they have.

Which of the following is a false statement regarding HIPAA?

While it may be a good idea, HIPAA does not require passwords that protect client information to be changed on a regular basis.

A social worker begins individual therapy with a woman whose husband abuses her. The client left her home to stay with a relative for a while, but her husband found out where she was and convinced her to come home. The client tells the social worker that she wants to "try again and make things work" with her husband. She admits that she worries about him "snapping" again but adds that he has "been good" since she returned home. When questioned by the social worker, the client says she's come in because she's been having trouble sleeping at night; her doctor prescribed medication to help her sleep and suggested she try therapy. What should the social worker do FIRST in this case?

Work with the client to develop a safety plan that she can use right away if she is threatened.

The client is a 28-year-old female who has sought therapy for depression. She discloses that shes been taking sleeping pills every night for months and thinks she might be addicted to them. The social worker encourages the client to stop taking the sleeping pills because she thinks doing so might help her feel better during the day. The client stops taking the pills without seeking medical advice or support, and she experiences a seizure. Which of the following is the MOST significant ethical issue presented in this situation?

You gave advice on a matter that is outside your scope of competence.

Each year, an agency starts its budget process from scratch and must justify every financial request it makes. What type of budget is being used?

Zero-based.

The client is a 36-year-old single woman who reports feeling bored at her job and at a "dead-end" socially. She completed two years of college and sometimes thinks about re-enrolling to complete her degree but "never gets around to it." She says she's in a rut she can't get out of. The social worker decides to use a brief therapy model with this client. The assumptions of this model include all of the following EXCEPT:

a client lacks resources for change and a social worker's key role is to provide skills and knowledge to facilitate change.

A social worker notices that many of her low-income therapy clients are late for their appointments. Because she is familiar with the impact of class values on the therapeutic process, the social worker interprets this as a manifestation of which of the following?

a different orientation to time

The client has had numerous episodes of major depression. She has been hospitalized twice, and has tried to commit suicide once. She was raised by an alcoholic mother and a periodically absent, abusive father. Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) would consider the clients depression as consisting of:

a downward mood spiral that can be caused by high standards

While assessing a client who immigrated to the United States from India three years ago, a social worker identifies the client's degree of acculturation into the mainstream culture in this country. According to contemporary models, "acculturation" is BEST defined as:

a process of adopting the traits of the dominant culture with or without abandoning the traits of ones native culture.

The "nature-nurture" debate is over the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to human development. Currently most experts agree that:

both are important and have a reciprocal influence on development.

In terms of emotional development, a key task in middle childhood is the development of "emotional competence," which is BEST described as the ability to:

experience, express, and understand emotions.

An adult exhibits a long-term and persistent pattern of passivity, dependency, and manipulativeness. From a psychoanalytic viewpoint, this person would be described as having:

an oral character type.

Authoritarian parents tend to produce children who

are dependent, passive, and submissive

According to ego psychologists, functions such as memory, language, and perception:

are ego autonomous

A social worker should be aware that client records:

are not free from disclosure all of the time, regardless of the wishes of the client.

The clients are a family of four. The husband and wife were married two months ago. The husband has a 9-year-old son from his first marriage who lives with the couple on the weekends. The wife has a 5-year-old daughter from her previous marriage; she shares custody of the child with her ex, who sees the child every other weekend. The couple is concerned because the 9 year old has been sullen since just before the wedding and seems unwilling to develop a relationship with his stepmother. During the family's first interview, the social worker notices that the 5 year old calls her stepfather "Daddy." The MOST appropriate way for the social worker to interpret this behavior by the 5 year old is:

as a normal developmental phenomenon.

A social worker is beginning family therapy with an American Indian family, including the husband, the wife, the children, and the husband's father, who lives with them. The social worker notices that the wife keeps referring to her father-in-law as "he," rather than using his name. The social worker starts to wonder why. In light of this, the social worker's BEST course of action is to:

ask the family about their habits regarding names and relationships.

A 9-year-old boy has been referred for evaluation because he is careless, engages in risk-taking behavior, and is not achieving up to his potential at school. When meeting with the boy, the social worker observes that he has trouble staying focused but seems bright and is very engaging. Based on this information, what diagnosis is MOST indicated for this boy?

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Elevated levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin are believed to contribute to which of the following?

autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia

A child has just entered Kohlberg's "conventional morality" level of moral development. She is MOST likely to follow rules in order to:

avoid disapproval or dislike by others.

With regard to the confidentiality of disclosures made by participants in group therapy, the social worker leading the group should:

seek an agreement from participants to maintain one anothers confidentiality.

Based on something he reads in a client's employment records, a social worker discovers that he and the client attend the same church. From an ethical standpoint, the social worker's BEST course of action is to:

seek consultation.

A client has cancer and has been told by his doctors that his prognosis is poor. The client asks his wife to help him plan their annual family reunion which will take place a few months after his chemotherapy treatment is scheduled to end. According to Kubler-Ross's theory of death and dying (1969), the client's behavior is MOST characteristic of:

bargaining.

Indirect assessment of suicide entails evaluating a client in terms of the demographic, clinical, and psychological risk factors that have been consistently linked with a high risk for suicide. Factors that have been associated with an elevated risk for suicide include all of the following EXCEPT:

being married.

Of the psychiatric disorders, genetic factors have been most consistently linked to:

bipolar disorders.

A social worker would be MOST likely to suspect that a new client's motivation is low if the client

seems indifferent to her problem.

In a private social agency, the board of directors:

is responsible for programmatic and financial operations

A social worker meets with a couple whose adult daughter is gay and has recently decided to adopt a child with her long-time partner. The woman's parents say that, while they want to be supportive, they worry that the child will have problems if she is raised by lesbian parents. They ask the social worker what he knows about the effects on children of being raised by lesbian parents. One thing the social worker could tell his clients is that research investigating the effects of having homosexual parents has found that:

children of lesbian or gay parents do not show significant developmental differences from children of heterosexual parents.

the geographic region that is served by a social agency is known as the agency's:

catchment area.

A client reports that she's having "a lot of problems" with food, including "episodes of overeating." She states that she's been on numerous diets over the years, and even when she achieves her desired weight, she always gains it back. She says that she's been evaluated for medical problems, such as hypothyroidism, but all of the tests have been negative. When determining if the client's symptoms meet the criteria for binge-eating disorder or, instead, bulimia nervosa, the social worker should keep in mind that

compensatory behavior to prevent weight gain is not a requirement for binge-eating disorder

Which of the following is true about evaluations of individuals who wish to adopt a child?

evaluations emphasize education more than investigation

A social worker begins working with a family in which the 16-year-old daughter suffered serious injuries in a school-bus accident several months ago. The doctors have said that the girl may never regain the use of her left arm, and she's now depressed and very upset about her injury. Her parents have tried to comfort her, saying things like, "You still have one good arm" and "Let's thank God you weren't killed." They ask the social worker to help them raise their daughter's spirits. They add that they don't understand why she can't see that things could have been so much worse. The parents are displaying:

denial

The DSM-5 diagnosis of social (pragmatic) communication disorder is characterized by:

difficulties in the social use of verbal and nonverbal communication.

During a session, a client describes a recent blind date he had with a woman whom he found to be very unattractive. He tells the social worker that he left the woman in the restaurant and went home after telling her he was just running out to his car to get his phone. The client, who sought help because he was experiencing work-related stress, tends to be arrogant and has told similar stories several times during his sessions. To display positive regard in this situation, the social worker MUST:

discuss this behavior objectively.

Augustine, age 5, is in foster care and enrolled in a therapeutic nursery school. He and his older sister were removed from their home after they were found wandering in the park asking people for food. Their parents were both found to have a drug problem. While observing Augustine at school, the social worker notices that he impulsively approaches strangers, tends to be overly familiar with people he has just met, and quickly becomes attached to any adult who pays attention to him. Before assigning a DSM-5 diagnosis of ______________ to Augustine, the social worker will want to confirm that his symptoms are attributable to ______________.

disinhibited social engagement disorder; early neglect or deprivation

A social worker meets with a 15-year-old girl who was repeatedly sexually abused when she was a child. Her mother sent her for therapy. The girl reports no problems and says she doesn't know why her mom wants her to get therapy. She says that whatever happened to her when she was a child was "no big deal." The social worker observes that the girl comes across as well-adjusted in the interview, except that her emotional range is limited. In all likelihood, this girl is demonstrating:

dissociation

A therapy group member with high denial and high somatization is likely to:

drop out early

Ordinarily termination should be discussed for the first time with a client:

during treatment planning

most infants speak their first word between the ages of 10 and 15 months. Studies investigating language development have shown that children's first words often refer to:

dynamic objects that move or change

A supervisor asks a social worker to present one of her cases to the staff. This is an example of:

educational supervision

If a social program is found to have achieved the best possible results using the least amount of resources possible, this would be evidence of its:

efficiency.

A client seeks therapy because she is feeling inadequate and unable to change her life for the better. The social worker helps her change from having an external locus of control over the circumstances in her life to having an internal locus of control. This is an example of:

empowerment.

A social worker is providing case management services to a client who was diagnosed with HIV disease six months ago and is having difficulty accessing and using the services he needs. The client feels overwhelmed and isolated because he worries about disclosing his serostatus to others. In her initial contact with this client, the social worker should focus on:

establishing a safe and accepting relationship and determining whether the client is in crisis.

A social worker is meeting with a 35-year-old woman and her 67-year-old father. The man's wife/woman's mother died about six months ago. The daughter explains that she is concerned about her father's recent "overuse of alcohol." She says that he has suddenly started drinking two or three glasses of wine with his dinner. The father tells you that his doctor has recommended that he drink wine as a way of stimulating his low appetite. The daughter confirms that this is true. Taking into account all of this information, what should the social worker do FIRST?

explore the man's medical history, history of loss, and support system

The overall goal of social worker authenticity with a client is to

facilitate client growth

A social worker using feminist therapy would be MOST likely to:

focus on social and political factors that underlie a woman's so-called psychopathology

The client is a 72-year-old widow who lives with her son and daughter-in-law and their three children. During the first interview, the client exhibits signs suggestive of suicidal intent. When she is asked by the social worker if she has been thinking about killing herself, she adamantly denies that she has any intention of doing so. The social worker's BEST course of action is to:

get permission to talk to her family members and then check with them to determine if she has exhibited any signs of suicidal intent at home.

The client is a 16 year old who lives at home with her mom and step-dad. The client gave birth to a baby boy two months ago and is feeling overwhelmed by her responsibilities. She has applied for benefits and now is trying to decide whether to complete high school. Her mom is helping out a bit, but Step-dad has not been supportive. He thinks the girl needs to sort things out on her own since she's the one who was careless. The baby's father (age 17 and the girl's ex-boyfriend) is out of the picture for now, because Step-dad threatened to have him arrested for statutory rape. According to research, all of the following would probably contribute in a positive way to this girl's ability to succeed as a parent EXCEPT:

getting a job to support herself and her baby

Planned termination of therapy is usually indicated when a client:

has achieved his treatment goals and objectives.

A social work intern informs her supervisor that she saw a client arguing with their clinic's receptionist. The client shouted at the receptionist for several minutes, became verbally abusive, and then stomped out the front door of the clinic. The receptionist tried unsuccessfully to calm the client down and avoided yelling at the client. The intern is not sure what the client was angry about, but she thinks it might have had something to do with rescheduling an appointment. The supervisor's BEST action would be to:

have the intern talk to the client

The client is a 12-year-old girl who was injured in an accident one year ago. The girl was paralyzed from the waist down and now uses a wheelchair. Many of the students at her school have been teasing and isolating her in the classroom and on the playground. The focus of the social worker's intervention plan should be on:

helping the client adapt to and cope with her disability

Federal programs such as Food Stamps, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), and payments for adoption assistance and foster care are examples of ________________ programs.

selective eligibility

It would be MOST appropriate to use a warm-up period with a client who is:

highly defensive.

A social worker begins working with a family on behavioral problems involving the children. Instead of exploring the family's problems in detail, the social worker asks, "When is this problem not a problem?" What is the purpose of this intervention?

identify exceptions as a resource for positive change.

A social worker has a private practice, and one of her clients has not paid for six sessions of therapy. The social worker knows that the client can afford to pay and she has explored and attempted to resolve this problem with the client, but he is still refusing to pay. According to NASW's Code of Ethics, the social worker can terminate treatment with this client:

if the client does not pose a danger to himself or others and she has discussed with him the potential consequences of nonpayment and termination of therapy.

A client in need of crisis intervention is short on funds and asks the social worker to waive his insurance copayment. He suggests that the social worker bill his insurance company at a higher hourly rate so that the reimbursement will cover her full fee. If the social worker does this, she will be acting:

illegally and unethically.

The clients are a newly married couple who complain of a sexual problem. Their physicians have ruled out medical conditions and neither client uses any substances on a regular basis. While interviewing the couple, the social worker discovers that each blames the other for the problem, and he decides to offer them some information about potential causes of sexual problems. In doing so, the social worker would be correct if he told them that, according to Masters and Johnson, the primary causes of sexual dysfunctions are:

inadequate knowledge about sexuality and performance anxiety.

The unavailability of preventive health services in minority communities, a lack of quality health care in close proximity to these communities, and the delivery of substandard health care services to members of these communities is best attributed to which of the following?

institutional racism

The clients are a mother, father, and adolescent daughter. The parents are concerned because the daughter dresses in what they consider to be an inappropriate fashion and usually wants to spend time with her friends rather than stay at home with her family. The social worker explains that the girl's behavior appears normal for her age and offers the parents information on developmental tasks and other phenomena. Specifically, the social worker explains that the girl:

is trying to develop a sense of self

A social worker conducting a mental status exam asks a client what factors led him to decide to quit his job two weeks ago. Apparently the social worker is interested in evaluating the client's:

judgment.

Participation in peer groups becomes more important during middle childhood, and such groups tend to be homogeneous with regard to age, sex, and race. Research suggests that, when compared to popular children, less popular children tend to be all of the following EXCEPT:

less friendly and sociable

A mother is concerned about her 9-year-old daughter because the girl seems shy. She does well at school but rarely has friends over to play. Mom has encouraged her to get involved in afterschool activities but the girl has been reluctant to choose one. In conceptualizing this case, the social worker draws on his knowledge of child development including Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. Erikson's theory suggests that, in order to avoid feelings of inferiority, this school-age child needs to:

master important social and academic skills.

A new mother is excited because her 5-week-old baby smiled when she picked him up. At this age, a baby's smile:

may be a social smile in response to his mothers face.

When a social worker and a client differ in their racial backgrounds, transference:

may be affected by the client's past experiences with racism.

The client is a 20-year-old immigrant from Turkey who came to the U.S. with his family when he was 16. The client says he's becoming more like his American friends and is uneasy about that. He wants to fit in but doesn't want to lose his own customs and values. He acts one way when he's with his family and another way when he's with his friends. He asks the social worker what she thinks about that. Being familiar with contemporary models of acculturation, the social worker tells this client that efforts to function well within both one's culture of origin and the mainstream culture:

may be associated with better adaptation

A school social worker employed at a middle school discovers that a student has been bullying two of his classmates. The BEST way for the social worker to intervene is to:

meet with the student who bullies and tell him that bullying is unacceptable and will end.

In individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, which ego function is MOST likely to be disturbed?

object relations

Diana is a 34-year-old client who has been diagnosed as having borderline personality disorder. She has a great deal of trouble regulating her emotions, and is constantly in turmoil in her personal relationships. The social worker is recommending that she enroll in a clinic that specializes in Dialectical Behavior Therapy for help in learning to manage her out-of-control emotions and interpersonal difficulties. In Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), the core skills of mindfulness are to be able to:

observe without judgement, describe by separating the experience from reality and to participate by being fully present in the moment non-judgmentally.q

A social worker is given two days to prepare and submit a report to the court about a client's progress. The social worker's supervisor needs to review the client's record before the report can be sent to the court. The social worker's BEST course of action is to:

request an extension.

The client is a 50-year-old man who has been battling cancer for several years. He is very ill and weak and unlikely to recover. He and his family ask the social worker about the possibility of hospice care for the man and wonder if he is eligible. The social worker, who is familiar with hospice care, tells them that most hospices accept:

patients who have a life expectancy of six months or less and who are referred by their personal physician.

A social worker is conducting a study to determine if a solution-focused approach to treatment has a demonstrable effect on the treatment of test anxiety. The social worker recruits a number of university students who have scored a 4 or above on a Likert scale on a questionnaire about test anxiety. The participants are placed in a group where they either receive solution-focused interventions or see a counselor who simply provides a warm, supportive environment. The social worker is using a:

placebo control group

The core conditions of effective therapeutic relationships are empathy, personal warmth, genuineness, and:

positive regard

A client in crisis reports that her boyfriend died six months ago in a sudden accident. She says that his death "almost destroyed" her but that she has managed to get through the worst of her grief by relying on family and friends. A week ago, she learned that a good friend is moving away, and, ever since hearing this news, she's been highly anxious and sleepless. She cries everyday and can't concentrate at work. From the perspective of crisis theory, the news that her friend is moving away is an example of a/an:

precipitating factor.

The purpose of state licensing boards is to:

protect the public.

Many developing countries have established national, regional or local Institutional Review Boards (IRB). What is the primary goal of Institutional Review Boards?

protect the rights and welfare of human research subjects

A social worker receives a phone call from a woman who is the ex-wife of a client he is currently treating in individual therapy. The woman and his client divorced over a year ago. The woman wants to start therapy and requests an appointment with the social worker. To behave in an ethical manner, the social worker should:

refer the woman to a different therapist.

A 70-year-old man is concerned because he doesn't feel much desire to have sex with his wife. The man married his wife a year ago after being a widower for 25 years. The man's physician has determined that the man is healthy and he's not on any medications. When assessing this case, it would be useful to know that which of the following has been found to be a very good predictor of sexual activity in late adulthood, especially for men?

sexual activity earlier in life

For several weeks, a social worker has been sexually harassed by a male colleague at her agency. The colleague has been commenting on her body and making sexually explicit jokes in her presence. The social worker hasn't responded to this harassment so far, but she's fed up now and has decided to take action. NASW's Code of Ethics would recommend that the FIRST action the social worker take is to:

talk to her colleague and tell him to stop.

If a health care provider is faced with a conflict between state law and HIPAA requirements:

the HIPAA requirement would preempt state law when the requirement provides the client with greater privacy protection or control over access to his or her records.

Under the Indian Child Welfare Act, adoptions involving Native American children require a release from:

the birth parents and the tribe.

The parents of a young child seek help from a social worker because their child has been having difficult speaking clearly. The child has been stuttering, and they're worried that he will never speak fluently and will feel different from others as a result. The social worker is MOST likely to conclude that the child's stuttering is normal childhood speech dysfluency if:

the child is 3 years old.

A client is a member of the sandwich generation. In other words:

the client is a middle-aged adult who is caring for an elderly parent while also supporting his or her own children.

A child living in the United States is exposed to both English and a second language between the ages of six months and 3 years and, as result, becomes fluent in both languages. If the child had not been exposed to the second language until after the age of 4 or 5, she would have had more trouble acquiring the second language. This provides evidence for:

the concept of sensitive periods.

The primary element in determining "vicarious liability" is:

the disparity in training and experience.

A low-income client is seven months pregnant and has not had any prenatal care. The client, who lives alone, reports that she's been feeling tired from all of the changes in her body and because she has trouble affording to buy good food once she's paid her rent and the utility bills. Her social worker arranges for the client to see a doctor and helps her to apply for the WIC program. In terms of potential complications for the baby in this case, the social worker should be aware that severe maternal malnutrition in the third trimester is MOST harmful to:

the fetal brain

Researchers interested in the relationship between basic temperament and personality later in life have found that:

the impact of temperament on personality depends on the fit between temperament and characteristics of the social environment.

A client joins a grief group and tells everyone that his wife died and that he "just can't get over it." He says they were married 25 years and were planning on traveling around the world when she became ill. The client complains of not sleeping, eating very little, and not wanting to spend time with friends. The social worker is more likely to assign a DSM-5 diagnosis of uncomplicated bereavement to the client than a diagnosis of major depressive disorder if:

the mans symptoms have dissipated in intensity over time and occur primarily when he thinks about his wife and their relationship.

While the id operates through a mechanism known as the pleasure principle, the ego operates through:

the reality principle.

A DSM-5 diagnosis of acute stress disorder requires a duration of symptoms of:

three days to one month.

A diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder requires the presence of delusions and hallucinations for at least __________ without symptoms of a depressive or manic episode.

two weeks

While having dinner at a local restaurant, a social worker discusses one of his clients with a friend. Although he doesn't mention the client's name, he describes the client's problems in detail. As it turns out, the friend knows the client and is able to identify her through the social worker's description. In this case, the social worker's behavior is:

unethical.

A social worker meets with a 30-year-old client who recently divorced her husband. The couple has two children who are living with the client and see their father every other weekend. The client reports feeling exhausted now that she has to care for the children by herself. In assessing this situation, the social worker should be aware that, according to research, in the initial period following divorce, a custodial mother is MOST likely to:

use more authoritarian but less consistent punishment.