comp sci - ch. 7-8 test

why do formats including 9 still not line up 8 and 9 digit numbers

9 specifies total number of characters, not j digits, including digits, commas, and decimal

all conditions end with what

:

= vs ==

= - assignment operator == - equality operator

3 types of selection

One-way, two-way, and multiple-way

write program that counts from 1864 to 2091

for k in range(1864,2092):

write program that counts from 2015 to 1885 backwards by 10s

for k in range(2015,1884,-10):

write program that counts from 33 to 99 by 3s

for k in range(33,100,3):

Rewrite program so the program counts up to 40 for k in range(40)

for k in range(41)

write a program that will display a regular octagon

for k in range(8): forward(90) left(315)

write program that displays all times tables from 1 times 1 to 60 times 60 and allow for numbers to be up to 4 digits in length

for r in range(1,61): for c in range(1,61): print("{:3}".format(r,c), end = " ") print()

Write the Python code that will perform this action: If your grade is 70 or better, display "You passed!" otherwise display "You failed!"

grade = eval(input("enter grade --> ")) if grade >= 70: print("You passed!") else: print("You failed!")

LCV

loop control variable

another term for LCV

loop counter

2 synonyms for Repetition

looping and iteration

Explain how a random color can be created

make the 3 integer values of red, green, and blue used to create colors random

do languages require program statments controlled by control structures to be indented

most don't, but python does

3 ways format command can format numeric output

rounding digits past decimal point, ("{:.2f}"), commas ("{:#,.2f}"), adding dollar signs ("${#,.2f}")

statement used w if for two way selection

true, statement 1

In fixed repetition, what does fixed mean

we know ahead of time how many times the certain program segment will repeat

multiway selection

when there's 2+ possible paths for a program to follow

multiple way selection

when you can choose 2+ paths

command for Conditional Repetition

while

Can control structures affect the output of a graphics program?

yes

can 1 program input many values

yes

can 3 format commands be combined into same one

yes

can keyboard input on screen affect output on graphics window

yes

is proper, consistent indentation necessary for repetition

yes

are program outputs case sensitive

yes - will not execute if letter is upper/lower case

why is using LCV better than retyping program statements over and over

you don't have to write out 20 different program statements and you don't have to count out how many times you're writing it

How many times will this program display "HELLO WORLD" ? what does it show? for p in range(11): for q in range(7): print("HELLO WORLD")

77, nested repetition

why can u not use for loop for programs requiring passwords

- "for" loop will repeat __ times no matter what pins were entered and then give you access to the program; meant to be conditional, not fixed - "while" loop will stop when correct pin is entered

control structure

- 1+ programming language statements that control the flow of a computer program - start with if

elif command

- combines "else" with the next "if" so if the first statement is false, it has another if...else statement - makes cleaner code and less indenting

nested selection

- if statement within another if statement - control structures like selection can be nested like Russian nesting dolls bc we can place one selection structure inside another

How many different colors can be created with Python

16 million

2 way selection

IF expression is true, statement1 is executed; otherwise if false (else), statement2 is executed

what must you do when you use input command

add user-friendly prompt so user knows what to type and enter into output window

programs require control structures in what languages

all

format command can change __ but not __ of numbers

appearance, value

how many program statements can be controlled by control structures

as many as you want as long as you use proper, consistent indentation

Why are 2 radint outputs not the same

bc it displays random numbers

With nested loops, the inner loop must complete all of its repetitions __________ the outer loop can simply count to the next value

before

does eval work for integers or real numbers

both

Like Selection, Repetition Control Structures have a __________ and a certain path that is only followed if it is True

condition

selection synonyms

conditional branching or decision making

repetition

creates one program segment and places that segment in some type of loop control structure that repeats 500 times

What happens if your program uses the numInput command, and the user enters something that is not a number

error message and it will force you to reenter

what does program flow follow

exact sequence of written program statements unless directed otherwise by python control instructor

simple sequence

executes program statements in exact sequence they're written

loop structure used with Fixed Repetition

for

types of input functions

input(prompt) - string input on text screen eval(input(prompt)) - number input on text screen textinput(title, prompt) - string input on graphics window numinput(title, prompt) - number input on graphics window

can you assume user knows the inner workings of your program

no

can both directions be selected in 2 way selection

no (like fork in road)

What happens if you attempt to display a number that is too big for the format to handle

numbers are displayed in their entirety but the last numbers extend beyond the format of the others

why can input function not add numbers or do math

numbers are inputted as strings, not numbers, so plus sign concatenates strings instead of adding numbers

how are numbers displayed by default

on left side of screen

one way selection

performs additional indicated action if a condition is true and simply continues regular sequence and flow if condition is false

format to display monetary values under $1000

print("${:6.2f}".format(#))

code to right justify 54 and 9876

print("{.04}".format(54)) print("{:04}".format(9876))

conditional statement

program expression that evalutates true/false

Program Flow follows the exact sequence of listed program statements, unless directed other by what

python control structure

Python has a built-in __________ library with a __________ function that generates random integers

random, radint

3 primary colors on a computer

red, green and blueWhat can give a 2-D image a 3-D appearance?

what do conditional statements require

relational operator - equals, not equals, less than, greater than, less than or equals, greater than or equals

3 types of control structures

sequence, selection, repetition

Suppose you want to use the color Metallic Gold in your program. You research and find the color numbers you need are red-212, green-175 and blue-55. Write the necessary Python command to accomplish this

setColor(212,175,55)

What can give a 2-D image a 3-D appearance

shading

Condition Repetition

situation where you don't know how many times loop will repeat; "while" loop will repeat until condition is met; ex is passwords

selection and repetition similarities

some condition can change their program flow