Coms 5 Unit 3
The media's extensive and incessant coverage of airplane crashes and disasters is related to which concept from mass communication theory?
Agenda-Setting
These types are the most difficult to communicate with at work
Ambivalents
All of the following statistics regarding the demographics of online users are accurate EXCEPT:
Average age of Internet users is 26
Messages that reference the future of the relationship and a couple's commitment to one another provide _________.
Assurance
This occurs when we treat and communicate with family members in a way that is consistent with how they see themselves.
Confirmation
Socialization typically evolves through what stage or stages?
all of the above
This focuses on how the relationship is defined by the role each partner plays.
Content expectations
Gatekeepers are individuals who
Control the flow of information
This refers to the level of openness and the frequency with which a variety of topics are discussed.
Conversation orientation
Which function of mass communication is usually involved with editorials?
Correlation
All of the following are negative aspects of forming relationships online EXCEPT:
Costs outweigh rewards
___________ are those who hold positions of power in an organization and are viewed as a protégé for specific responsibilities or roles.
Groom mentors
____________ is a mentor who motivates a protégé by communicating messages of disappointment when performance fails to meet expectations.
Guilt-trip producers
A form of attitude which involves negative reactions toward a group of people based on inflexible and inaccurate assumptions is commonly known as
Prejudice
This is a nightly strategy used to maintain order in the routine.
Prepping
Providing information online that others would not otherwise know about you is considered
self disclosure
The disengaged homemaker is a lifestyle type that consists of being female, younger, well educated, and having a high need for stimulation.
false
The media's surveillance and entertainment functions are essentially the same.
false
When comparing FTF with CMC qualities, FTF has artificial nonverbal cues and CMC has real nonverbal cues.
false
When comparing FTF with CMC qualities, FTF has synchronous and CMC has asynchronous only.
false
__________ are created to communicate the beliefs, values, and attitudes held by members to represent characteristics that are considered important to the family.
family myths
__________ has been employed by family scholars to explore a variety of interactions including children's attitudes toward their single-parent dating, family involvement in addressing children's problems at schools, and adolescent abuse of their parents.
systems theory
According to cultivation theory, resonance reflects the intensified effect on the audience when what people see on television is what they experienced in life
true
According to cultivation theory, resonance reflects the intensified effect on the audience when what people see on television is what they experienced in life.
true
According to diffusion theory, change agents are professionals who encourage opinion leaders to adopt or reject an innovation.
true
According to uses and gratifications theory, audiences actively seek out the media to satisfy individual needs.
true
Groups are often assigned tasks that would be inefficient for individuals to handle alone.
true
Groups that emphasize conformity and hierarchical authority tend to be ineffective.
true
Social information processing theory is a theory of mediated communication.
true
Surveillance is a dimension of the functional theory of mass communication and is the information and news providing function of mass communication.
true
The disengaged homemaker is a lifestyle type consisting of being female, middle-aged, lower in education and income, and use the media for companionship and to pass time.
true
The magic bullet and hypodermic needle theories of mass communication are essentially derived from the laws perspective.
true
The tendency for a system to develop order and energy over time is called entropy.
true
When comparing FTF with CMC qualities, FTF has elaborate and more formal language style.
true
When comparing FTF with CMC qualities, FTF is active and CMC is passive.1
true
While opinion leaders are usually quite similar to their followers, change agents are usually more educated and of higher status.
true
Refers to the willingness of a culture to approach or avoid change ambiguity about the future.
uncertainty avoidance
All of the following have been found to attract people to one another online EXCEPT:
Assertiveness
The act of engaging in verbal aggressiveness online is referred to as __________________.
Flaming
What example did Dr. Gale gave about deception online?
A date who was ten inches shorter than listed online
What's the geographical/cultural phrase about money Dr. Gale used from her background in Nebraska?
A penny saved is a penny earned
This refers to our awareness of the feelings and emotions involved in diverse approaches to relationships and communication.
Acceptance
Reuben Hill developed _________ to study the stress experienced by families during war.
ABCX model
Concepts that are essential to enhance competence include
All of the above
Families create and sustain their identity as a unit through
All of the above
In developing effective online relationships it is important to
All of the above
In the two-step flow theory, which of the following individuals would be considered opinion leaders?
All of the above
Loevinger's reflective-projective theory of mass communication suggests that the media:
All of the above
Maslow's theory of the Hierarchy of Needs addresses
All of the above
Tensions experienced at work include
All of the above
The impact of cultural diversity on communication in interpersonal relationships include
All of the above
This contributes to diversity in our interpersonal relationships
All of the above
Jack is someone who manages his online impressions by paying close attention to small or minute cues that he and others send. Jack is paying special attention to
Behavioral Cues
An example of co-cultural classifications include
Both A and B
Culture is learned...
Both A and B
Research that has focused on communication in organizations has primarily focused on what type of work relationship?
Both A and B
This explains the process of relationship development between superiors and subordinates.
Leader-member exchange theory
According to diffusion theory, which of the following is a professional who encourages opinion leaders to adopt or reject an innovation?
Change agent
The ability to communicate the norms, rules, and values of a society refers to which media function?
Cultural transmission
Which of the following is not in the task area of responses in Bales' model?
Deflating others' status
___________ is defined as an individuals attempt to create a distinct identity that is separate from that of their siblings.
Deidentification
The _____________________ is defined as the "gap" between those who have access to the Internet and those who do not.
Digital divide
This occurs when family members fail to offer any type of response and in essence this could be viewed as lack of acknowledgement for how they view other family members.
Disconfirmation
This involves denying an individual or group of people their rights.
Discrimination
Which dimension of the functional theory of mass communication concerns how mass communication helps fill our leisure time by presenting messages filled with comedy, tragedy, play, and performance?
Entertainment
_________ refers to a family's ability to achieve the same goal by following different paths or employing different communication behaviors.
Equifinality
Cultivation theory contends that the greatest amount of cultivation effects will be exhibited in audiences who are
Exposed to the greatest number of consistent messages Exposed to messages most congruent with their own personal experiences Exposed to stimuli that they most desire
According to the spiral of silence theory, people are not concerned with whether their opinions match those of the majority from cues in the environment.
False
The media's surveillance and entertainment functions are essentially the same.
False
This is a comprehensive theory that focuses on the cognitive process that is used to shape and guide our interpersonal interactions.
Family communication patterns theory
_____________ is often a result of supportive messages exchanged as a result of either personal or professional experiences
Friends to close friends
Angela pretended to be a male in an engineering chat room to see if participants treated her comments differently. Angela is participating in
Gender-bending
What's the example Dr. Gale gave about smart phones and the widespread access to information?
Getting lost in San Francisco
Which of the following is not in the social-emotional area of responses in Bales' model?
Giving an opinion
Hall's model of cultural values is represented by a continuum ranging from characteristics associated with
High context and low context
In a study comparing parasocial interaction with media dependency using the medium of television shopping, which result was found?
Individuals with strong media dependency relationships with TV shopping tend to develop parasocial relationships with TV shopping personalities
__________ view work as a means to earn a living.
Indifferents
________strategies typically involve face-to-face encounter between two individuals to reduce uncertainly.
Interactive
This proposes that the family system is comprised of interrelated parts or members.
Interdependence
___________ are those that evolve from a family member.
Internal stressors
This refers to the theoretical principles that explain behaviors occurring within a specific communication context.
Knowledge
Cultivation theory is generally within which major theory-building perspective?
Laws
___________ cultures have a flat structure with most individuals being viewed as equal.
Low power distance
Which of the following is not a form of interdependence in groups addressed in our chapter
Managerial
This involves changes in the new employee's behavior to adapt to the role expectations in the new environment.
Metamorphosis
Which three areas do spiral of silence theory concern?
Mass media and communication, individual and interpersonal communication, public opinion
According to media dependency theory, the media influence society because they
Meet the audiences' needs and wants
The ability to promote national interests and behaviors during a national crisis refers to which media function?
Mobilization
Which of the following is a person who pays close attention to the mass media, then exerts their influence on other concerning the message received from the media?
Opinion leader
Which dimension of the functional theory of mass communication concerns the media's ability to communicate norms, rules, and values of a society?
NOT Correlation
What Myers-Briggs type was Dr. Gale when she took the test several times in her life?
NOT ESFP ISTJ
Which dimension of the function theory of mass communication concerns how the mass media select, interpret, and criticize the information they present to the public?1
NOT Entertainment
Which dimension of the functional theory of mass communication concerns the information and news-providing function of mass communication?
NOT Entertainment
Tension between _____________ is fueled by the fact that friends and work are together several hours each week.
NOT Friendships in organizations
Which of the following is not a typical norm in an effective group?
NOT Goals and procedures are not fixed, but vary with the situation Leadership and participation is distributed among all group members individuality is endorsed
Which of the following is not an initial element in a task-oriented group system?
NOT Group charge
Which law made sexual harassment illegal?
NOT None of the above Civil Inequality Act of 1973 Civil Equality Act of 1972
Which of the following lifestyle types consist of being female, middle-aged, lower in education and income, and use the media for companionship and to pass time?
NOT Outgoing activist
The most important first step for a discussion group is to:
NOT Set criteria
When a group creates individual roles, behavioral norms and values specific to the group, this is called:
NOT Synergy
Which event might have prompted research to believe more firmly in the magic bullet theory of mass communication?
NOT The deterioration of the radio and film audiences in the 1950s
What example did Dr. Gale give about a family story told over and over again in her family?
NOT Brother who got lost on a hike
What's the example Dr. Gale gave about smart phones and the widespread access to information?
NOT Getting lost in Tucson
Which of the following is not true of formal roles?
NOT They are sometimes associated with member's status
At one time or another, all individuals possess _________ which are strong feelings of discomfort or desires which motivate us to take action to overcome the feelings and restore the self to a satisfied state.
Needs
These families adopt both a high conversation and a high conformity orientation
None of the above
These families adopt a high conversation orientation and a low conformity orientation
Pluralistic families
Which of the following lifestyle types consists of being female, younger, well educated, with a high need for stimulation, good income, and less likely to marry?
Outgoing activist
__________ are those who are considered to be "older and wiser" as a result of their tenure in the organization.
Parent mentors
The process which helps us put together all the stimuli that we are bombarded with in a potential communication encounter is known as
Perception
Which of the following lifestyle types consist of being female, older, highly educated, opinion leaders likely to marry, and have high incomes?
Restrained activist
____________ incorporated recurring patterns or interactions to accomplish daily routines.
Routinizing actions
All of the following are considered emoticons EXCEPT:
ROTFL
This refers to genetically inherited biological characteristics such as hair texture and color, eye shape, skin color, and facial structure.
Race
This strategy often involves conversations to coordinate the exchange of childcare issues on a regular basis.
Reciprocating
____________ involves asking others for work accommodations or childcare assistance as a result of last-minute circumstances that arrive.
Requesting assistance
__________ couples tend to emphasize each individual's identity and independence over maintaining the relationship.
Separate
Which of the following theories explains how people get to know one another online, without nonverbal cues, and how they develop and manage relationships in the computer-mediated environment?
Social information processing theory
This refers to interactions that take place with friends and extended family members.
Social network engagement
When all the professors in a department, despite extensive negative feedback, continue to all teach in the same way, this is an example of which kind of system?
Static
This results from our inability to see and appreciate the uniqueness of individuals.
Stereotypes
_________ interactions are characterized by a status differential between individuals, and focus on the interactions that take place between supervisors or managers and their employees.
Superior subordinate
Which function of mass communication is most violated when the news focuses too much on sensational and negative stories?
Surveillance
The most widely applied theories in the study of family life is
Symbolic interactionism
Uses and gratifications theory generally is considered an example of which theory-building perspective?
Systems
Two-step flow theories might be disconfirmed by generalized media effects surrounding
The assassination of the President
One of the basic tenets of media dependency theory is that the more dependent an individual is on the media for having his or her needs fulfilled
The more important the media will be to that person
The term "propaganda" first emerged during World War I.
True
To be valid, hypodermic needle theories would have to uncover direct, uniform, and predictable effects of media messages on mass audiences.
True
When comparing FTF with CMC qualities, CMC has low richness of interaction.
True
When comparing FTF with CMC qualities, CMC language style is restricted and less formal.
True
When comparing FTF with CMC qualities, CMC uses passive and active level of communication activity.
True
When comparing FTF with CMC qualities, FTF has high social presence and CMC has low social presence
True
This model could be described as a union between uses and gratifications theory and media dependency theory
The uses and dependency model
According to media dependency theory, people develop dependency relationships with the mass media because
They see it as a way of attaining their goals of understanding, orientation, and play
This is a strategy that involves negotiating responsibilities between spouses when unique situations arise that present a struggle in managing work and family needs.
Trading off
According to cultivation theory, enculturation reflects a type of cultural adaptation reflecting when we learn to speak, listen, read, interpret, and understand verbal and nonverbal messages in such a fashion that the messages will be recognized and responded to by the individuals with whom we communicate.
True
According to cultivation theory, mainstreaming refers to the power of television to present uniformed images.
True
According to spiral of silence theory, people fear social isolation.
True
Agenda-setting is a theory that holds intense media attention increases the importance of certain topics, issues, and individuals.
True
Mobilization is a dimension of the functional theory of mass communication that reflects the ability of the media to promote national interests.
True
Social information processing theory explains how people get to know one another online, without nonverbal cues, and how they develop and manage relationships in the computer-mediated environment.
True
The most heavily studied set of questions that mass communication scholars have addressed are those that probe the media's effects on individuals and society.
True
This involves applying knowledge to specific situations in an attempt to explain the behaviors that are occurring.
Understanding
________ serve as a guide to our behavior. They dictate what we should and should not do.
Values
____________ are those events that family members seek out, such as changing careers and moving to a new city or deciding to run for political office.
Voluntary stressors
Which of the following lifestyle types consist of being male, lower in education and income, middle-aged, and married?
Working class climber
What's the example Dr. Gale gave of the dialectic between judgment and acceptance?
a tennis coach
A subsystem is a self-contained unit and therefore can only be understood when completely separated from the context of the entire system.
false
A uses and gratifications researcher would not expect people to be able to adequately articulate their motivations to use a particular medium.
false
According to cultivation theory, enculturation reflects the intensified effect on the audience when what people see on television is what they experienced in life
false
According to cultivation theory, enculturation reflects the intensified effect on the audience when what people see on television is what they experienced in life.
false
According to diffusion theory, gatekeepers are professionals who encourage opinion leaders to adopt or reject an innovation.
false
According to the spiral of silence theory, people are not concerned with whether their opinions match those of the majority from cues in the environment.
false
Cultivation theory posits that the media affect all people equally, immediately, and predictably.
false
Goals differ from objectives because goals always involve clear, measurable outcomes.
false
Katz and Lazersfeld's two-step flow theories of mass communication are essentially derived from the laws perspective.
false
Lewin developed Field Theory because he was especially interested in diverse, unpredictable behavior people exhibited in group interactions.
false
Merely explaining what others have said or elaborating on others' suggestions is not a considered a positive task role in a group.
false
Mobilization is a theory that holds intense media attention increases the importance of certain topics, issues, and individuals.
false
Modern diffusion theory of information theory conceptualizes a single layer of opinion leaders that interpret messages for mass audiences.
false
Multistep flow and diffusion theories reduce the number and type of intermediaries between the media and audience decision-making.
false
Synergy is a dynamic state in which the members becomes greater than the team they make up.
false
Girls were more likely than boys to disclose which of the following types of information online?
pictures