Connect 8

The cells of most eukaryotes have between 10 and which number of chromosomes?

50

Phosphorylation within the cell cycle is performed by enzymes called

Cdk

The ______ enzymes control progression through the checkpoints in the cell cycle.

Cdk

What enzymes control the progression of cells through the cell cycle checkpoints?

Cdks

During cytokinesis in plants, what coats the newly formed cell plate?

Cellulose

When DNA replicates the sister chromatids are held together at their centromeres by which of the following complex of proteins

Cohesins

When DNA replicates the sister chromatids are held together at their centromeres by which of the following complex of proteins?

Cohesins

In a cell's life, cell growth occurs primarily during what phase?

G1

Condensation of chromosomes is initiated in the _ phase of interphase and continues until the end of prophase.

G2

Cell division in bacterial and eukaryotic cells produces which of the following?

Genetically identical cells

During bacterial cell division two, genetically __ __ __ daughter cells are produced.

Identical;

While preparing to divide, the cell grows and copies its chromosomes during which of the following stage?

Interphase

Condensation of chromosomes continues throughout which of the following phases?

Prophase

Which is the first stage of mitosis?

Prophase

When is the spindle apparatus is broken down?

Telophase

At the beginning of which of the following phases do the centromeres of sister chromatids split apart allowing sister chromatids separate from each other?

anaphase

Which of the following is the shortest stage of mitosis?

anaphase

during the _ of mitosis, the centromeres of sister chromatids split apart allowing sister chromatids to move away from each other.

anaphase

A cleavage furrow is typically formed during cytokinesis in _ cells

animal

What is a sequence of growth, replication, and division that produces new eukaryotic cells called?

cell cycle

What usually occurs during the G1 phase?

cells are growing

During cytokinesis in plants, the newly formed cell plate is coated with _ to create two new cell walls. At this point the space between the two daughter cells is called the middle _

cellulose; lamella

If necessary (e.g., if DNA is damaged), the cell cycle can be arrested at specific points called

checkpoints.

In multicellular eukaryotic organisms, the production of new cells follows a highly regulated sequence of growth, DNA replication, and division. This sequence is referred to as the cell _ which consists of the G1, S, G2, and M phases.

cycle

During telophase, chromosomes uncoil to allow for gene

expression

True or false: In a typical mammalian adult cell, the M phase takes up a large fraction of the entire cell cycle.

false

Two irreversible points in the cell cycle are replication of _ material and _ of sister chromatids.

genetic; separation

The centromere contains repeated DNA sequences that can bind specific proteins. These proteins form the _ which is shaped like a disk

kinetochore

During prometaphase, sister chromatids attach to the spindle by their _ which are attached to the centromere region of each sister chromatid.

kinetochores

During the five phases of _ the replicated genetic material is partitioned into _ new nuclei.

mitosis; 2

In bacterial cells, the replication of DNA begins at a specific site called the __ of replication, and proceeds in both directions around the circular DNA until a specific __ site is reached.

origin; termination

Chromosomes are composed of chromatin which is a complex of DNA and which of the following?

protein

Identify the type of protein encoded by the cdc2 gene.

protein kinase

During DNA replication the chromosomes contract and the identical halves are called

sister; chromatids

the _ apparatus is broken down during telophase.

spindle

During the stage of mitosis known as _ gene expression resumes, as chromosomes uncoil.

telophase

True or false: Bacterial cell division produces genetically identical daughter cells.

true

Chromatin is a complex with ~40% DNA and which of the following?

~60% Protein

Typically, a dividing mammalian cell completes its cell cycle in about how many hours?

24

The cells of most eukaryotes have between _ and _ chromosomes, although some species can have hundreds or even thousands of chromosomes.

10; 50

During _ which includes the G1, S and G2 phases of the cell cycle, the cell grows and chromosomes replicate in preparation for cell division.

interphase

MPF is composed of two parts: a cyclin component and a _ component

kinase

The pairs of sister chromatids align themselves in a single row along a plane half-way between the poles during which of the following phases of mitosis?

metaphase

during _ the chromosomes are aligned midway between the spindle poles

metaphase

during _ the chromosomes are aligned midway between the spindle poles.

metaphase

The term _ is from the Greek "mitos", meaning thread.

mitosis