course point 3

The client asks the nurse to explain the difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis. Which is the best explanation the nurse can give to the client? "Arteriosclerosis is a loss of elasticity of the arteries that accompanies the aging process, whereas atherosclerosis is a condition in which the arteries fill with plaque." "Both terms refer to the same disorder and can be used interchangeably." "Both are disorders in which the lining of the vessels become narrowed due to plaque." "Arteriosclerosis is when the vessels become dilated and weakened, whereas atherosclerosis is the deposit of fatty substances in the vessel lining."

"Arteriosclerosis is a loss of elasticity of the arteries that accompanies the aging process, whereas atherosclerosis is a condition in which the arteries fill with plaque."

The nurse has completed a teaching session on self-administration of sublingual nitroglycerin. Which client statement indicates that the teaching has been effective? "I can take nitroglycerin before sex so I won't develop chest pain". "After taking two tablets with no relief, I should call EMS." "I can put the nitroglycerin tablets in my daily pill dispenser with my other medications". "Side effects of nitroglycerin include flushing, throbbing headache, and hypertension".

"I can take nitroglycerin before sex so I won't develop chest pain".

In preparation for cardiac surgery, a client was taught about measures to prevent venous thromboembolism. What statement indicates that the client clearly understood this education? "I'll try to stay in bed for the first few days to allow myself to heal." "I'll make sure that I don't cross my legs when I'm resting in bed." "I'll keep pillows under my knees to help my blood circulate better." "I'll put on those compression stockings if I get pain in my calves."

"I'll make sure that I don't cross my legs when I'm resting in bed."

When providing discharge instructions for a client who has been prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin for angina, the nurse should plan to include which instructions? "See if rest relieves the chest pain before using the nitroglycerin." "Call 911 if you develop a headache following nitroglycerin use." "Place the nitroglycerin tablet between cheek and gum." "Only take one nitroglycerin tablet for each episode of angina."

"See if rest relieves the chest pain before using the nitroglycerin."

The nurse is providing discharge education for a client with angina pectoris. Which information will the nurse include when instructing the client on self-care at home? Select all that apply. "You need to follow a low-fat, high-fiber diet." "You can return to normal activities when you get home." "You should keep nitroglycerin with you at all times." "Balance rest with your regular daily activities." "You need to avoid exercising in extreme temperatures."

"You need to follow a low-fat, high-fiber diet." "You should keep nitroglycerin with you at all times." "Balance rest with your regular daily activities." "You need to avoid exercising in extreme temperatures."

A client recovering from percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) develops chest pain and an arrhythmia on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Which action(s) will the nurse take to help this client? Select all that apply. Administer oxygen Give meperidine as prescribed Obtain a 12-lead ECG Provide nitroglycerine Notify the primary healthcare provider

Administer oxygen Obtain a 12-lead ECG Provide nitroglycerine Notify the primary healthcare provider

A client in the emergency department reports squeezing substernal pain that radiates to the left shoulder and jaw. The client also reports nausea, diaphoresis, and shortness of breath. What is the nurse's priority action? Complete the client's registration information, perform an electrocardiogram, gain I.V. access, and take vital signs. Administer oxygen, attach a cardiac monitor, and notify the health care provider. Gain I.V. access, give sublingual nitroglycerin, and alert the cardiac catheterization team. Administer oxygen, attach a cardiac monitor, take vital signs, and alert the cardiac catheterization team.

Administer oxygen, attach a cardiac monitor, take vital signs, and alert the cardiac catheterization team.

Which of the following medications is considered a thrombolytic? Alteplase Heparin Coumadin Lovenox

Alteplase

The nurse is writing a care plan for a client who has been diagnosed with angina pectoris. The client describes being "distressed" and "shocked" by the new diagnosis. What nursing diagnosis is most clearly suggested by the client's statement? Spiritual distress related to change in health status Acute confusion related to prognosis for recovery Anxiety related to cardiac symptoms Deficient knowledge related to treatment of angina pectoris

Anxiety related to cardiac symptoms

A nurse has taken on the care of a client who had a coronary artery stent placed yesterday. When reviewing the client's daily medication administration record, the nurse should anticipate administering what drug? Ibuprofen Clopidogrel Dipyridamole Acetaminophen

Clopidogrel

A client presents to the clinic reporting intermittent chest pain on exertion, which is eventually attributed to angina. The nurse should inform the client that angina is most often attributable to what cause? Decreased cardiac output Decreased cardiac contractility Infarction of the myocardium Coronary arteriosclerosis

Coronary arteriosclerosis

A nurse is caring for a client who experienced an MI. The client is ordered to receive metoprolol. The nurse understands that this medication has which therapeutic effect? Decreases resting heart rate Decreases cholesterol level Increases cardiac output Decreases platelet aggregation

Decreases resting heart rate

While the nurse is recording the health history of a client who is scheduled for a thyroid test, the client informs the nurse about an allergy to seafood. What is the nurse's most appropriate response? Document the allergy and inform the physician Inquire about frequent urination Palpate the thyroid gland Consult the institution's procedure manual

Document the allergy and inform the physician

The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the client to address modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), the nurse will include which factor(s)? Select all that apply. Elevated blood pressure Alcohol use Obesity Physical inactivity Increasing age Family history

Elevated blood pressure Alcohol use Obesity Physical inactivity

An OR nurse is preparing to assist with a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The OR nurse knows that what vessel is most commonly used as source for a CABG? Brachial artery Brachial vein Femoral artery Greater saphenous vein

Greater saphenous vein

The nurse is discussing risk factors for developing CAD with a patient in the clinic. Which results would indicate that the patient is not at significant risk for the development of CAD? Cholesterol, 280 mg/dL Low density lipoprotein (LDL), 160 mg/dL High-density lipoprotein (HDL), 80 mg/dL A ratio of LDL to HDL, 4.5 to 1.0

High-density lipoprotein (HDL), 80 mg/dL

A client admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) diagnosed with a STEMI is anxious and fearful. Which medication will the nurse administer to relieve the client's anxiety and decrease cardiac workload? IV morphine IV nitroglycerin Atenolol Amlodipine

IV morphine

A client diagnosed with a myocardial infarction (MI) is being moved to the rehabilitation unit for further therapy. Which statement reflects a long-term goal of rehabilitation for the client with an MI? Improvement in quality of life Limitation of the effects and progression of atherosclerosis Ability to return to work and a pre-illness functional capacity Prevention of another cardiac event

Improvement in quality of life

A nurse is preparing to palpate the thyroid gland. Where would the nurse expect to find this gland? In the upper part of the chest near the heart In the abdomen, directly above the kidneys In the right to left upper quadrant of the abdomen In the lower neck, anterior to the trachea

In the lower neck, anterior to the trachea

A client has been recently placed on nitroglycerin. Which instruction by the nurse should be included in the client's teaching plan? Instruct the client on side effects of flushing, throbbing headache, and tachycardia. Instruct the client to renew the nitroglycerin supply every 3 months. Instruct the client not to crush the tablet. Instruct the client to place nitroglycerin tablets in a plastic pill box.

Instruct the client on side effects of flushing, throbbing headache, and tachycardia.

The nurse is caring for a patient with peripheral arterial insufficiency. What can the nurse suggest to help relieve leg pain during rest? Elevating the limb above heart level Lowering the limb so that it is dependent Massaging the limb after application of cold compresses Placing the limb in a plane horizontal to the body

Lowering the limb so that it is dependent

The ED nurse is caring for a client with a suspected MI. What drug should the nurse anticipate administering to this client? Oxycodone Warfarin Morphine Acetaminophen

Morphine

The nurse reviews laboratory tests for cardiac biomarkers for a client suspected of suffering an MI. What is the earliest marker of an MI? Creatinine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) Total creatinine kinase (CK) Myoglobin Troponin I and T

Myoglobin

A nurse is educating a client with coronary artery disease about nitroglycerin administration. The nurse tells the client that nitroglycerin has what actions? Select all that apply. Reduces myocardial oxygen consumption Decreases the urge to use tobacco Dilates blood vessels Decreases ischemia Relieves pain

Reduces myocardial oxygen consumption Dilates blood vessels Decreases ischemia Relieves pain

An occupational health nurse is providing an educational event and has been asked by an administrative worker about the risk of varicose veins. Which action should the nurse suggest as a preventive measure for varicose veins? Sit with crossed legs for a few minutes each hour to promote relaxation. Walk for several minutes every hour to promote circulation. Elevate the legs when tired. Wear snug-fitting ankle socks to decrease edema.

Walk for several minutes every hour to promote circulation.

The nurse is caring for a client who is known to have a high risk for venous thromboembolism. What preventive actions should the nurse recommend? Select all that apply. High-protein diet Weight loss Regular exercise Smoking cessation Calcium and vitamin D supplementation

Weight loss Regular exercise Smoking cessation

The laboratory values for a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) have just come back from the lab. The client's low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level is 112 mg/dL. The nurse recognizes that this value is below the optimal range. above the optimal range. within the optimal range. extremely high.

above the optimal range.

A client reports midsternal chest pain radiating down his left arm. The nurse notes that the client is restless and slightly diaphoretic, and measures a temperature of 99.6 °F (37.6 °C); a heart rate of 102 beats/minute; regular, slightly labored respirations at 26 breaths/minute; and a blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg. What assessment is the nurse's highest priority? body temperature cardiac output anxiety acute pain

acute pain

A client reports pain and cramping in the thigh when climbing stairs and numbness in the legs after exertion. Which diagnostic test with the physician likely perform right in the office to determine PAD? ankle-brachial index exercise electrocardiography electron beam computed tomography photoplethysmography

ankle-brachial index

A client's elevated cholesterol levels are being managed with atorvastatin daily. What is a common side effect the nurse will teach the client that will require monitoring? hyperuricemia increased liver enzymes hyperglycemia severe muscle pain

increased liver enzymes