Coursepack Chapter 16 Reading(Bowersox CH.8)
As a result of deliver flexibility, trucks dominate freight moving from wholesalers and warehouses to which of the following?
Retail Stores
The movements between origin and destination points is referred to as which of the following?
Transport Lane
True or false: Transportation only provides one major logistical service.
False
Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence. Odd package sizes and shapes, as well as excessive size or length, may not fit well in transportation equipment, resulting in _____ cubic capacity.
wasted
Weight and volume are important since transportation cost for any movement is usually quoted in dollars per unit of _____.
weight
The ranking modal operating characteristics according to speed, availability, dependability, capability, and frequency is as follows.
Air, Truck, pipeline, water, pipeline
Which of the following does special handling equipment not required for loading or loading?
Carrier
Another transport service having storage implications is diversion, which occurs when the original shipment destination is ______ after a product has been shipped.
Changed
The act to Regulate Interstate Commerce was the government involvement in protecting the public interest. Hence, the government actions were not in the form of which of the following regulations?
City
What must managers do to small loads in order to maximize scale economies?
Consolidate
Transportation economics and pricing are not driven by which of the following factors?
Cost
Following deregulation carriers were free to develop integrated modal services to more efficiently and effectively meet standards according to which of the following?
Customers
Which of the following is a combination of weight and volume?
Density
Without reliable transportation, what will most commercial activity not be able to do?
Function
Which of the following services does today's transportation industry use a wide assortment of?
Information Technology
What type of systems are identified as widely using both the trailer on a flatcar (TOFC) and container on a flatcar (COFC)?
Intermodal
What is the intermodal concept referred to in which containers are moved in a combination of sea and rail transport, and are commonly used to reduce time and expense?
Land Bridge
Pipelines can operate 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. In addition to commodity changeover, what else are pipelines' limitations?
Maintenance
A mode identifies basic transportation. Which of the following is not a mode of basic transportation?
Monorail
When the business carrier seeks to coordinate pickup and delivery times for a group of shippers to achieve efficient operations, this helps attain which of the following?
Objectives
The main disadvantage of water transportation are which of the following?
Operations and Slow Speed
What function of transportation is vital to procurement, manufacturing, and customer accommodation?
Performance
To understand complexity of transportation environment, it is useful to review the following from each party.
Perspective and Role
The capability to efficiently transport large tonnage over long distances is the main reason _____ continue to handle significant intercity tonnage.
Railroads
While costly, the speed of air transport potentially allows other aspects of logistics such as warehousing and inventory to be?
Reduced or Eliminated
Most transportation professionals agree the United States is in need of a far-reaching National Transportation Plan to facilitate both the _______ and _______ of transportation infrastructure.
Repair and Reinvention
The shipper and consignee represent the two parties involved in a traditional _______.
Shipment
Parcel services represent an important part of logistics, and the influence of carriers in this segment is increasing because of its intermodal capabilities and which other benefit?
Size
The government has a vested interest in transportation because of its critical importance of reliable service to?
Social well-being and economics
Coast-to-coast shipment requires only hours as opposed to days via other modes of transport. Thus, the main advantage of airfreight is which of the following?
Speed
Which of the following is not a concern of the public as participants of the transportation system?
Weather
According to the understanding of few consumers, the economy is dependent upon which reliable service?
Transportation
The average age of America's bridges keeps going up, and many of the nation's bridges are approaching the end of their design life.
True
True or false: A common interest is shared as one party is the provider of the goods and the other is the recipient.
True
True or false: Non-operating intermediaries find economic justification by offering shippers lower rates for movement between two locations which results in savings for shippers.
True
True or false: Our economy is dependent upon economical and reliable transportation.
True
True or false: Transportation vehicles can be used as temporary storage.
True
The land bridge concept is based on the _____ of ocean and rail combinations that utilize a single tariff, which is lower than the combined total cost of two separate rates.
benefit
What are transportation costs classified into?
categories
Another transport service having storage implications is diversion, which occurs when the original shipment destination is _____ after a product has been shipped.
changed
As a service business, carriers want to charge their customers the highest freight rate possible while minimizing labor, fuel, and vehicle operating _____ .
costs
As a service business, carriers want to charge their customers the highest freight rate possible while minimizing labor, fuel, and vehicle operating ______.
costs
Which of the following is not a primary factor of transportation economics and pricing?
costs
Liability includes the product characteristics that can result in which of the following?
damage
The cost curve does not begin at zero because there are fixed costs associated with shipment pick up and _____, increasing at a decreasing rate as a function of distance.
delivery
The advent of e-commerce and the need for consumer-direct last-mile delivery have significantly increased _____ for package delivery services.
demand
The public indirectly creates transportation _____ by purchasing goods.
demand
The Motor Carrier Act of 1980 and the Stagger Rail Act together were _____ enactments in transportation to stimulate competition, promote efficiency and revitalize the industry.
deregulation
Government desires a stable and efficient transportation environment to support ________ growth.
economic
In comparison to railroads, trucks have a relatively small ______ investment in terminal facilities and operate on publicly financed and maintained roads.
fixed
Pipelines have the _____ fixed cost and lowest variable cost among transport modes.
highest
Transport cost per unit of weight decreases as load size increases. This occurs because the fixed costs of pickup, delivery, and administration are spread over _____ weight.
incremental
Transportation economics and pricing are driven by multiple factors that _____ rates.
influence
The primary advantage of IT services is the ability of carriers to share real-time ______ with their company and their customers.
information
Intermodal transportation combines two or more modes to take advantage of the inherent economies of each and thus provide an _____ service at lower total cost.
integrated
The main advantage of water transport is the capacity to transport extremely _____ shipments.
large
What is the term that refers to the common intermodal arrangement combining the flexibility of truck for short distances with the low-line-haul cost associated with rail for longer distances?
piggyback service
Transportation is influenced by consignor, consignee, carriers and agents, IT, government and the _____ .
public
Transportation is influenced by consignor, consignee, carriers and agents, IT, government and the ______.
public
Speed refers to elapsed movement time. Availability refers to transporting to any location. Dependability refers to variance from published delivery schedules. Capability refers to load size. Frequency refers to the _____ of scheduled movements.
quantity
Containers are the boxes utilized for intermodal product storage and movement between motor freight, _____ , and water transportation.
railroads
Because of peculiarities in the common-carrier rate structure, such as minimum freight charges, surcharges, and less-than-volume rates, conditions exist whereby nonoperating intermediaries can facilitate _____ for shippers.
savings
Prior to deregulation, government policy limited carriers to operating in a _____ mode.
single
The freight transportation _____ consists of the rights-of-way, vehicles, and carriers that operate within five basic transportation modes.
structure
Whether in form of material, components, work-in-progress, or finished goods, the basic _____ provided by transportation is to move inventory to specified destinations throughout the supply chain.
value
Railroad operations have high fixed costs, yet enjoy relatively low _______ operating costs.
variable
