CS Final Review Quiz Question

True/False: If an rvalue reference refers to a memory location, that memory location becomes an lvalue.

True

True/False: One reason for using functions is to break programs into a set of manageable units, or modules

True

True/False: Relational expressions and logical expressions are both Boolean, which means they evaluate to true or false

True

True/False: Some C++ operators cannot be overloaded by the programmer.

True

True/False: The block of code in the body of a while statement can contain an unlimited number of statements, provided they are enclosed in a set of braces

True

True/False: The expression *s-> is only meaningful if s is a pointer to a structure and p is a pointer that is a member of that structure

True

True/False: When a class contains a pointer to dynamically allocated memory, it a good idea to have the class overload the assignment operator.

True

True/False: when an operator's operands are of different data types, such a double and int, C++ automatically converts one of them so that they are the same data type

True

True/False: A class must have exactly one constructor

False

True/False: A derived class may not have any classes derived from it.

False

True/False: A member function of a derived class may not have the same name as a member function of a base class.

False

True/False: C++ permits you to overload the sizeof operator.

False

True/False: If a function f is a friend of a class A, and the class A is a friend of a class B, then the function f is able to access private members of B.

False

True/False: If the sub-expression on the left side of an && operator is true, the expression on the right side will not be checked

False

True/False: If you overload the prefix ++ operator, the postfix ++ operator is automatically overloaded also.

False

True/False: In an inheritance situation, you can't pass arguments to a base class constructor.

False

True/False: Relational operators connect two or more relational expressions into one, or reverse the logic of an expression

False

True/False: The ampersand (&) is used to dereference a pointer variable in C++.

False

True/False: The following C++ statement will assign 1.5 to the result variable int result = 3.0 / 2.0

False

True/False: The following pair of C++ statements is legal const double taxrate; taxRate = .05;

False

True/False: The following statements will not print anything. x = 5; if(x < 5) cout << "Hello "; cout << "world \n";

False

True/False: The following two statements both assign the value 5 to the variable dept 5 = dept; dept = 5;

False

True/False: The only difference bwteen C-strings and string objects is how they are declared and internally stored. They are used exactly the same way

False

True/False: The size of an array is the number of elements that have data stored in them

False

True/False: When a class declares an entire class as its friend, the friendship status is reciprocal. That is, each class's member functions have free access to the other's private members.

False

True/False: When you make a function call, the order of the arguments you send does not matter as long as the number of arguments matches the number of parameters the function has

False

True/False: When you overload the << operator, you must also overload the >> operator.

False

True/False: You can overload the conditional operator to make it function as an unconditional operator.

False

True/False: if a variable is defined as int sum; It may be written in the program code as sum or Sum, but not SUM

False

C++ is an example of a ________ programming language. A. mid-level B. non-structured C. high-level D. low-level E. binary

C. high-level

A ______ variable is declared outside of all functions

global

Which of the following statements will assign number a value from 90-100 A. number = rand() % 90 + 10; B. number = rand() % 11 + 90; C. number = rand() % 10 + 90; D. number = rand() % 90 + 11 E. none of these

number = rand() % 11 + 90;

The process of having a class contain an instance of another class is known as_________

object composition

The following 2 arrays string deptName[3] = {"Manufacturing", "Sales", "Business Office"}; double deptBudget[3] = [20000.0, 60000.0, 50000.0}; are an example of ________ arrays

parallel

When a function needs access to an original argument passed to it, for example in order to change its value, the argument needs to be______

passed into a reference parameter

The ___ stream manipulator can be used to establish a field width for the value immediately following it

setw

A _____ keeps track of dynamically-allocated memory and automatically deletes when it is no longer in use

smart pointer

True/False: The amount of memory used by an array depends upon the array's data type and how many elements it can hold.

true

True/False: The cin object can be used to input more than one value in a single statement.

true

True/False: The first item placed onto a stack is always the last item removed from the stack.

true

True/False: The following two statements will assign the same value to result: result = a + b * c; result = b * c + a;

true

True/False: the following two statements could be used interchangeably in a C++ program: // Program payroll /* Program payroll */

true

What will the following expression evaluate to? !( 6 > 7 || 3 == 4)

true

A for statement contains three expressions: initialization, test, and ______

update

You may define a(n) _______ in the initialization expression of a for loop

variable

Dynamic memory allocation occurs

when a variable is created at runtime

For data validation, it is best to use a(n) ______ loop

while

A static local variable is one

whose value is retained between function calls

Subscript numbering in C++ automatically starts at _________.

zero

A function can have ______ parameters, and it can have either zero or one return value(s).

zero to many

The ____ operator is known as the logical OR operator

||

____ are C++ operators that change their operands by one

++ and --

The ____ and ____ operators can respectively be used to increment and decrement a pointed variable

++, --

The expression 7%2 evaluates to

1

The expression 7/2 evaluates to

3

What value will be assigned to the variable number by the following statement? int number = 3.75;

3

A ________ is a container that provides quick access to elements at the front and the back of the list. A. stack B. queue C. deque D. All of these E. None of these

C. deque

What will the following code print? num = 8; cout << --num << " "; cout << num++ << " "; cout << num;

7 7 8

If the scores array is defined like this: int scores[ ] = {4, 7, 4, 8, 9}; what will the following statement display? cout << scores[4];

9

The ________ operator may be used to assign one object to another.

= (assignment)

The ____ operator is used in C++ to test for equality

==

The _____ operator always follows the cin object, and the _____ operator follows the cout object

>>, <<

the purpose of a memory address is to A. identify the location of a memory cell B. allow multitasking C. locate a program D. precent multitasking E. none of these

A. identify the location of a memory cell

Program code that can be evaluated to a value is called a(n) A. operation B. evaluator C. expression D. result E. line

C. expression

An array can store a group of values, but the values must be: A. All the same data type B. declared at the time the array is created C. constants D. numeric, not characters or strings E. None of these

A. all the same data type

On each iteration of the following range-based for loop for (int element : my array) cout << element << endl; the variable element holds A. an array value B. an array subscript C. an array name D. an array location E. NOTA

A. an array value

An operation that copes a value into a variable is called a(n) _______ operation A. assignment B. declaration C. equals D. cout E. copy

A. assignment

The ________ class constructor is called before the ________ class constructor. A. base, derived B. derived, base C. public, private D. private, public E. None of these

A. base, derived

A ________ stack or queue is implemented using linked lists. A. dynamic B. static C. deque-based D. floating point E. None of these

A. dynamic

The ____ statement executes one statement, or block of statements, if a condition is true and skips it, does nothing , if the condition is false A. if B. switch C. if/endif D. if/else if E. if/else

A. if

Characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands are A. operators B. program ops C. syntax D. op codes E. none of these

A. operators

The while loop has two important parts: a condition that is tested and a statement or block of statements that is A. repeated as long as the condition is true B. repeated until the condition becomes true C. done once if the condition is true D. always done at least once, then repeated if the condition is true E. always skipped

A. repeated as long as the condition is true

In programming terms, a group of characters inside a set of double quotation marks is called a A. string literal B. character literal C. character set D. any of these E. none of these

A. string literal

When the final value of an expression is assigned to a variable, it will be converted to A. the data type of the variable B. the smallest possible data type C. The data type of the expression D. the largest possible data type E. none of the above

A. the data type of the variable

____ Must be included in a program in order to use the cout object A. the iostream header file B. opening and closing braces C. a cout declaration D. strings E. none of these

A. the iostream header file

The term hardware refers to A. the physical components that make up a computer B. the fixed order of a program's instructions C. the difficulty of programming D. the way a computer's storage space is organized E. none of these

A. the physical components that make up a computer

Any time you use the new operator, it is good practice to ________. A. use delete afterwards to free the memory allocated by new B. use a preprocessor directive C. clear the data from the old operator D. All of the above E. None of the above

A. use delete afterwards to free the memory allocated by new

Memory locations that can hold data are called A. variables B. operators C. operands D. syntax E. none of these

A. variables

In the statement class Car:public Vehicle, which is the base class? A. Car B. Vehicle C. public D. class E. None of these

B. Vehicle

When a class contains a pointer to dynamically allocated memory, it is a good idea to equip the class with A. a dynamically allocated constructor. B. a copy constructor. C. a static constructor and an overloaded comparison operator. D. an inline constructor. E. NOTA

B. a copy constructor.

A situation in which every object of a class A has a pointer to an object of a class B, and the objects of the class B may outlive objects of class A, is called A. a has-A relation. B. aggregation. C. composition. D. an is=A relation. E. None of these

B. aggregation

The statements in the body of a do-while loop are executed A. exactly once B. at least once C. Only if the test condition is initially true D. until the test condition becomes true E. forever until the user hits the break key

B. at least once

A good reason for overloading an operator is to enable it to A. outperform its C language counterparts. B. be used with types defined by the programmer. C. operate on more operands than in its standard definition. D. operate on no operands. E. NOTA

B. be used with types defined by the programmer.

The ________ coordinates the computer's operations by fetching the next instruction and using control signals to regulate the other major computer components. A. operating system B. control unit C. instruction manager D. arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) E. traffic controller

B. control unit

Which of the following will cause the next output to begin on a new line? A. cout << "endl"; B. cout << endl; C. cout << endl; and cout << "/n"; but not cout << "endl"; D. cout << "/n"; E. all of these

B. cout << endl; note: \n is newline, /n is not

If setRadius is a Circle class function and myCircle is a Circle object, which of the following statements would set myCircle's radius to 2.5? A. setRadius(2.5); B. myCircle.setRadius(2.5); C. Circle.setRadius(2.5); D. Circle(setRadius(2.5)); E. NOTA

B. myCircle.setRadius(2.5);

If you do not furnish a(n) ________, an automatic memberwise copy will be performed when one object is assigned to another object. A. overloaded constructor function B. overloaded assignment operator C. default constructor function D. overloaded copy operator E. NOTA

B. overloaded assignment operator

In C++, a value can be raised to a power by using the A. ^ operator B. pow function C. square function D. exp operator E. power operator

B. pow function

The computer's main memory is commonly known as: A. secondary storage B. random-access memory (RAM) C. direct-access memory (DAM) D. read-only memory (ROM) E. none of these

B. random-access memory (RAM)

The CPU includes A. the ALU and the I/O unit B. the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) and the control unit C. the ALU and the main memory unit D. the I/O unit and the control unit E. All of these

B. the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) and the control unit

If Circle is the name of a class, which of the following statements would create a Circle object named myCircle? A. myCircle Circle; B. myCircle Circle( ); C. Circle myCircle; D. Circle myCircle( ); E. NOTA

C. Circle myCircle;

_______ causes a program to wait until information is types at the keyboard and the Enter key is pressed A. a preprocessor B. the cout object C. The cin object D. an input device

C. The cin object

Hand tracing a program is A. a program run-time testing technique B. creating a drawing of what a program's output screen will look like C. a program debugging technique D. a program design technique E. none of the above

C. a program debugging technique

a variable must be defined A. in order to perform output B. and initialized at the same time C. before it can be used D. in every program E. in all of these cases

C. before it can be used

What literal(s) appear in the following C++ statement? int number = 4 + 8; A. 4 B. number C. both 4 and 8 D. 12 E. 8

C. both 4 and 8

When you derive a class from an existing class, you A. can add new data, but cannot add new functions. B. can add new functions, but cannot add new data. C. can add both new data and new functions. D. must add both new data and new functions. E. None of these

C. can add both new data and new functions.

It is a good idea to make a copy constructor's parameters ________ by specifying the ________ keyword in the parameter list. A. inline, inline B. static, static C. constant, const D. global, glob E. None of these

C. constant, const

Which of the following statements correctly deletes a dynamically allocated array pointed to by p? A. delete p; B. p delete[ ]; C. delete [ ] p; D. delete array p; E. none of these

C. delete [ ] p;

The ____ statement acts like a chain of if statements. Each performs its test, one after the other, until one of them is found to be true or until the construct is exited without any test every evaluating to true A. if/not if B. if/else C. if/else if D. if/then E. if/endif

C. if/else if

A sentinel is a special value that A. is used for data validation B. must be Boolean C. marks the end of a list of values D. must be a negative number E. all of these

C. marks the end of a list of values

C++ allows you to overload A. compiler errors B. preprocessor directives C. operators and functions D. undefined variables E. NOTA

C. operators and functions

A(n) ________ is a set of instructions that tells the computer how to solve a problem. A. variable B. compiler C. program D. operator E. linker

C. program

The statements written by a programmer are called A. language elements B. object code C. source code D. syntax E. none of these

C. source code

A reason to overload the ________ is to write classes that have array-like behavior. A. parentheses ( ) B. curly braces { } C. square brackets [ ] D. scope resolution operator : : E. None of these

C. square brackets [ ]

Which of the following statements about ADT's are true? A. They specify the values the data type can hold B. They specify the operations that the data type can perform C. They hide the details of how the data type is implemented D. All of the above E. Both A and B

D. All of the above

The queue data structure is commonly applied in connection with A. managing the order of print jobs. B. communications software. C. operating systems. D. All of these E. None of these

D. All of these

Multiple Choice. A(n) ________ member function may be called by a statement in a function that is outside of the class. A. private B. inline C. constructor D. public E. declared

D. Public

C++ requires that a copy constructor's parameter be A. an integer data type. B. a floating-point data type. C. a pointer variable D. a reference to an object. E. NOTA

D. a reference to an object.

Which of the following definitions will allow the variable average to hold floating-point values? A. float average; B. auto average = 0.0; C. double average; D. all of the above E. float average; and double average; but not auto average = 0.0;

D. all of the above

An integrated development environment (IDE) normally includes A. a debugger B. a text editor C. a compiler D. all of these E. none of these

D. all of these

At the heart of a computer is its central processing unit. The CPU's job is: A. Produce some result B. carry out the operations commanded by the instructions C. fetch instructions D. all of these E. none of these

D. all of these

A ______ variable can only hold one of two values: true or false A. binary B. single precision C. char D. T/F E. bool

D. bool

Which of the following will allow an entire line of text to be read into a string object, even if it contains embedded blanks? A. cin.ignore(0 B. cin >> C. cin.get() D. getline() E. both getline(0 and cin >> , but not cin.get() or cin.inore()

D. getline()

________ Can be used to override the rules of operator precedence A. some operators B. associativity C. nothing D. parentheses E. operands

D. parentheses

Creating a program requires many steps. three of these are A. input, processing, and output. B. keywords, operators, and punctuation. C. syntax, logic, and error handling. D. program design, writing source code, and testing. E. none of these

D. program design, writing source code, and testing.

________ is used in a C++ program to mark the end of a statement, or to separate items in a list. A. a keyword B. a separator C. an operator D. punctuation E. a blank space

D. punctuation

Which of the following doubles the value stored in answer A. answer *= 2; B. answer += 2; C. answer = answer * 2; D. all of the above E. Both answer*=2; and answer = answer * 2; but not answer+=2;

E. Both answer*=2; and answer = answer * 2; but not answer+=2;

Which of the following is/are valid C++ identifiers? A. aVeryLongVariableName B. last-name C. department_9 D. all of the above E. Both department_9 and aVeryLongVariableName but not last-name

E. Both department_9 and aVeryLongVariableName but not last-name

Which of the following will evaluate to 2.5? A. 5/static_cast<double>(2) B. static_cast<double>(5/2) C. static_cast<double>(5)/2 D. all three of these E. Both static_cast<double>(5)/2 and 5/static_cast<double>(2), but not static_cast<double>(5/2)

E. Both static_cast<double>(5)/2 and 5/static_cast<double>(2), but not static_cast<double>(5/2)

You can assign the contents of one array to another by using A. the assignment operator B. the equality operator C. both array names D. the assignment operator and both array names E. NOTA

E. NOTA

Arguments are passed to the base class destructor function by the ________ class ________ function. A. derived, constructor B. derived, destructor C. base, constructor D. base, destructor E. None of these

E. None of these

A set of well-defined steps for performing a task or solving a problem is known as a A. hierarchy chart B. flowchart C. solution engine D. software engineering E. algorithm

E. algorithm

Which of the following keywords is/are the names of C++ data types? A. double B. short C. long D. bool E. all of these

E. all of these

To use an output file in a C++ program you must A. make sure the file already exists B. create a file stream object that will "point to" (i.e, reference) the file C. open the file D: AOTA E. do create a file stream object that will "point to" (i.e, reference) the file and open the file, but not make sure the file already exists

E. do create a file stream object that will "point to" (i.e, reference) the file and open the file, but not make sure the file already exists

A constructor may have a return type of A. int B. bool C. void D. any of these E. none of these

E. none of these

If s1 and s2 are string objects, s1 == s2 is true when A. s1 = "cat" and s2 = "cat " B. s1 = "dog" and s2 = "DOG" C. s1 = "lion" and s2 = "lioness" D. none of these because string objects cannot be compared with relational operators E. none of these because in each case one or more characters in the strings have different ASCII codes

E. none of these because in each case one or more characters in the strings have different ASCII codes

________ members of a base class are never accessible to a derived class.

Private

The statement cout << &num1; will output

The memory address of the variable called num1

True/False: A class declaration describes an object, but does not create any objects.

True

True/False: A constructor is a public class function that is automatically invoked (i.e. called) whenever a class object is created

True

True/False: A derived class may become a base class, if another class is derived from it.

True

True/False: A static member variable can be used when there are no objects of the class in existence.

True

True/False: A temporary value in a program can be referred to by at most one lvalue reference

True

True/False: An expression in a C++ if statement thats evaluates to 5, -5, or for that matter anything other than 0, is considered true

True

True/False: C++ does not perform array bounds checking

True

A pointer variable is designed to store

a memory address

To add up the values in a 2-dimensional array, it would be best to use

a nested for loop

A C++ member function that uses, but does not change, the value of a member variable is called a(n)___________

accessor (getter)

A variable that keeps a running total of data values is called a(n) ________

accumulator

Every byte in the computer's memory is assigned a unique ______

address

When the _____ is placed in front of a variable name, it returns the address of that variable

ampersand (&)

When the _____ is placed in front of the variable name, it returns the address of that variable.

ampersand (&)

In the following statement, what is 22.0? cout << sqrt(22.0);

an argument

A(n) __________ is information that is passed to a function, and a(n) _____ is a special variable that receives and holds that information

argument, parameter

What will the following statement do if x equal 17 and answer = 20? answer = x > 100 ? 0 : 1

assign 1 to answer

In OOP terminology, an objects member variables are often called its______ and its member functions are sometimes referred to as its ______

attributes, methods

A flag is a variable, usually of data type _____, that signals whether or not some condition exists

bool (A flag variable, in its simplest form, is a variable you define to have one value until some condition is true, in which case you change the variable's value. Using flag variable(user defined variable, not a predefined) you can control the flow of a function or statement, allowing you to check for certain conditions while your function progresses. example: using errorFound to check if an error is found in a list)

When only a copy of an argument is passed to a function, it is said to be passed _____

by value

A function_______ is a statement that causes a function to execute

call

A statement that displays the address of num 1 is

cout << &num1;

A constructor that does not require that any arguments be passed to it is called a(n) ______ constructor

default

A(n) _______ argument is one that is automatically passed to a parameter when the argument is left out of the function call

default

True/False: A while loop is somewhat limited, because the counter can only count up, not down

false

True/False: Any arithmetic operation may be performed on pointers

false

True/False: Both function headers and function calls must list the data types of all data being passed to the function

false

True/False: If a function has no return statement, the flow of control moves to the next function in the file when the closing brace of the function body is reached

false

True/False: In C++ global and local numeric variables are initialized to zero by default

false

True/False: Once a value has been stored in a variable it cannot be changed.

false

True/False: The following C++ test checks if the variable child is in the range 3-12 if (child >= 3 && <= 12)

false

True/False: The following array definition is legal because C++ allows arrays to be implicitly sized int grades[ ];

false

True/False: The following statement is a valid C++ array definition double money[25.00];

false

True/False: The purpose of the compiler is to convert object code into source code.

false

True/False: To decrement a number means to increase its value

false

True/False: When a loop is nested inside another loop, the outer loop goes through all its iteration for each iteration of the inner loop

false

True/False: a while loop may have a semicolon after the test expression and before the body of the loop, but it is not required

false

True/False: after carrying out the following two statements, sales will have been cerated as a one-dimensional array that can hold 20 double values typedef salesArray double[20]; salesArray sales;

false

True/False: the following is a legal C++ statement to define and initialize a variable: char firstName = "Jack";

false

True/False: the scope of a variable is the program it is defined in

false

True/false: In C++ If you attempt to store more data in an array than it can hold, the compiler will issue an error

false

True/False: ADT stands for Algorithmic Data Type

false (stands for abstract data type)

True/False: The following statements both declare the variable num to be an integer int num; INT num;

false; C++ is case-sensitive

To use files in a C++ program you must include the ________ header file.

fstream

Every C++ program must have a

function called main

________ allows us to create new classes based on existing classes.

inheritance

In a for statement, the ____ expression is executed only once

initialization

When the body of a member function is defined inside a class declaration, it is called a(n )__________ function

inline

When a program lets the user know that an invalid menu choice has been made, this is an example of

input validation

Each object of a class has its own copy of the class's _______

instance member variables

When three different objects of a particular class are created, they are said to be separate ________ of the class.

instances

To use stream manipulators, you should include the ________ header file.

iomanip

A destructor is a member function that______

is automatically called when an object is destroyed

List five elements that are common to all programming languages.

keywords, programmer-defined symbols, operators, punctuation, and syntax

The while loop is a(n) _____ loop, whereas a do-while loop is a(n) ______ loop

pretest, posttest

A function ____ eliminates the need to place the function definition before all calls to the function

prototype

The statement int *ptr; means

ptr is a pointer variable that will store the address of an integer variable

A(n)_______ member function may be called by a statement in a function that is outside of the class

public

An object typically hides it data, but allows outside code to access through its______

public member functions

The expression x < y is called a(n) _____ expression

relational

A void function is one that

returns no value

A ________ is used to mark the end of a complete C++ programming statement.

semicolon

Accessors are sometimes called ________ functions and mutators are sometimes called ________ functions.

set, set

The statement int*ptr = new int; acquires memory to hold an integer and then

sets ptr to point to the allocated memory

A(n) ________ is an abstract data type that stores and retrieves items in a last-in-first-out manner.

stack

A(n) _______ member variable may be accessed before any objects of the class have been declared

static

The statement cin >> *p;

stores the keyboard input into the variable pointed to by p

an overloaded function is one

that has the same name as another function

A pointer variable may be initialized with

the address of an existing variable of the appropriate type

If a variable occupies more than one byte of memory, its address is

the address of the first byte of storage allocated to it

In any program that uses the cin object, you must #include

the iostream header file

If dynamically allocated memory is not freed,

the system may run out of memory

The statement cout << *ptr; will output

the value stored in the variable whose address is contained in ptr

A dangling pointer is a pointer

to a block of memory that has been deleted

The default section of a switch statement performs a similar task as the ______ portion of an if/else if statement

trailing else

True/ False: Most of the lines in a program contain something meaningful; however, some of the lines may contain nothing at all

true

True/False: A switch statement branches to a particular block of code depending on the value of a numeric (i.e. integer or floating-point) variable or constant.

true

True/False: Although global variables can be useful, it is considered good programming practice to restrict your use of them

true

True/False: An array name is a pointer constant because the address it represents cannot be changed during run-time

true

True/False: An initialization expression may be omitted from the for loop if no initialization is required

true

True/False: Any of the following statements may be used to initialize the variable num to 7: int num = 7; int num(7); int num{7};

true

True/False: Assuming moreData is a Boolean variable, the following two tests are logically equivalent. if (moreData == true) if(moreData)

true

True/False: Before a computer can execute a program written in a high level language, such as C++, it must be translated into object code.

true

True/False: By default, when an object is assigned to another, each member of one object is copied to its counterpart in the other object.

true

True/False: Each individual element of an array can be accessed by the array name and an element number, called a subscript

true

True/False: Elements of vectors can be accessed by using the vector name and a subscript, similar to how array elements are accessed

true

True/False: Object-oriented programming is centered around objects that include both data and the functions that operate on them

true