CSE 240 Midterm 1

Assume that the search function of a linked list is specified by struct Terminal* search(); What values can the search function return? Select all correct answers.

0 the address of a terminal node

A pointer variable can take the address of a memory location as its value. Read the given program. Answer the following three questions. 1.The output of the 1st printf statement is 60 . 2. The output of the 2nd printf statement is 80 . 3.The output of the 3rd printf statement is 100 .

1) 100 2) 80 3) 100

Why do we need to flush the input buffer? 1) An unformatted input can read the newline character left from the previous input operation. 2) There is no buffer used for unformatted input 3) There is no buffer used for formatted input 4) We never need to flush an input

1) An unformatted input can read the newline character left from the previous input operation.

If you like to see accurate debugging information, which of the following program processing would you recommend? 1) Interpretation 2) Compilation 3) Both compilation and interpretation provide the same level of debugging information 4) Some time compilation is better than interpretation, but other time interpretation is better than compilation

1) Interpretation

In the memory hierarchy of a computer system which type of memory is the fastest one? 1) Registers 2) Cache 3) Main memory 4) Secondary storage

1) Registers

(True or False) Sort orthogonality 1 and sort orthogonality 2 implies compositional orthogonality. 1) True 2) False

1) True

Given a C declaration: char a[] = "Hello World"; What can be used as the initial address of array a[]? Select all correct answers. 1) a 2) a[0] 3) &a[0] 4) *a[0]

1) a 3) &a[0]

Which constructs do NOT have a loop when expressed in syntax graphs? 1) if-then-else 2) switch(expr) {case value:statements;} 3) for ( <init-expr>; <test-expr>; <increment-expr> ) {<statements>} 4) while (condition) do {statements;}

1) if-then else 2) for ( <init-expr>; <test-expr>; <increment-expr> ) {<statements>} 3) while (condition) do {statements;}

The imperative programming paradigm is popular and is a part of object-oriented computing paradigm, because it ____ (Select all answers that apply). 1) is based on computer organization and thus is efficient to execute on hardware. 2) matches the culture of doing things by following the step-wise instructions. 3) enforces the modularity and supports the development of large programs. 4) supports class inheritance and code reuse.

1) is based on computer organization and thus is efficient to execute on hardware. 2) matches the culture of doing things by following the step-wise instructions.

The forward declaration of a function requires: (Select all answers that apply) 1) return type 2) function name 3) parameter type 4) function implementation 5) initial address of the function code

1) return type 2) function name 3) parameter type

A variable declaration can involve the following attributes: (Select all answers that apply) 1) scope 2) location 3) type 4) address

1) scope 3) type

Given this snippet of code in C, char alpha = 'a';float numeric = alpha + 10; which of the following statement is correct: 1) syntactically correct, but contextually incorrect. 2) Syntactically correct and contextually correct. 3) Syntactically incorrect, but contextually correct. 4) Syntactically incorrect and contextually incorrect.

1) syntactically correct, but contextually incorrect.

A data type defines the 1) values and operations allowed 2) location and address 3) lifetime and visibility 4) reference and pointer

1) values and operations allowed

Given this snippet of code, determine which of the following options will change the text in array to "Hello Doe" after execution. (Check all that apply.) char array[] = "Hello Joe"; char *x;

1) x = array; *(x + 6) = 'D'; 2) x = &array[0]; x = x + 6; *x = 'D';

Given the following code, what is the expected value for z? #include <stdio.h> #define func(x,y) (x>y) ? y : x int main(){ int x = 10; int y = 9; int z = func(x++, ++y); }

11

C/C++ has 2 pointer operators, which operator represents the name of the location at the given address? 1) Comma (,) 2) Asterisk (*) 3) Ampersand (&) 4) Semicolon (;)

2) Asterisk (*)

Implicit type conversion is commonly refer to as __ 1) Typing 2) Coercion 3) Casting 4) Paradigm

2) Coercion

If your application is composed of multiple modules (programs), which of the following program processing would you recommend? 1) Interpretation 2) Compilation 3) Either compilation or interpretation are the same in this case. 4) Neither compilation nor interpretation is good in this case.

2) Compilation

Macros-Processing in C takes place during which phase? 1) Saving 2) Pre-processing 3) Compilation 4) Execution

2) Pre-processing

In C, what function can be used for inputting a string containing spaces? 1) scanf("%s", &str); 2) fgets(); 3) getchar(); 4) scanf.getline(...);

2) fgets();

Which implementation of a function has potentially the best performance in terms of execution speed? 1) normal function 2) macro 3) inline function 4) interpretation

2) macro

Given a declaration: char a[] = "Hello World"; What is the size (in bytes) of the array a[]? 1) 10 2) 11 3) 12 4) 44

3) 12

Explicit type conversion is commonly refer to as __ 1) Typing 2) Coercion 3) Casting 4) Paradigm

3) Casting

Type checking happens during compilation phase, it reinforces which of the following structural layer? 1) Lexical 2) Syntactic 3) Contextual 4) Semantics

3) Contextual

Which of the following C assignment statement (assign a value to a variable at the semantic level) will NOT cause a compilation error? Assume the array has been declared as: char a[5]; 1) a[] = {'h', 'i'}; 2) a = 'hi'; 3) a[0] = 'h'; 4) a = "h";

3) a[0] = 'h';

Can the identifier "base_variable" be created from the following BNF ruleset? <char> ::= a | b | c | ... | s | ... | x | y | z <identifier> ::= <char> | <char> <identifier> 1) Yes - all programming language accept this type of variable 2) Yes- the second rule lets you create all the characters you need to make the identifier 3) No it can only create variables with one or two letters 4) No - there is an underscore in the identifier name that cannot be generated

4) No - there is an underscore in the identifier name that cannot be generated

Given this snippet of code, what is the value of z after executing the last statement? int x = 10, *y, **z; z = &y; y = &x; *y = 100; 1) 10 2) 100 3) 1000 4) None of these values

4) None of these values

How many different identifiers can the following BNF ruleset generate? <char> ::= a | b | c | ... | x | y | z <identifier> ::= <char> | <char> <identifier> 1) None 2) 1 3) 26 4) more than 26

4) more than 26

Converting an integer value 5 to a float number 5.0 takes 1) zero machine instruction 2) one machine instruction 3) two machine instruction 4) more than two instruction

4) more than two instruction

If a program contains an error that divides a number by zero at the execution time. This error is a 1) lexical error 2) syntactic error 3) contextual error 4) semantic error

4) semantic error

When do we need to use fflush() or cin.ignore()?

Between a formatted input and an unformatted input

The reason that we use a buffer between the disk and the memory is _______

Disk access speed is low, but large blocks of data can be read from and written to the disk.

If you want to change the insertion sort function with a size-(n-1) problem, as discussed in the lecture, to a merge sort function, where do you need to make changes?

In the definition of size-m problem In the code that constructs the solution of size-n problem form the size-m problem

Given the following code char a[2][4] = { { 'c', 'a', 'r', 'b' }, { 'i', 'k', 'e', '\0' } }; char *p = &a[0][0]; while (*p != '\0') { printf("%c", *p); p++; } What will happen?

It prints: carbike

Given the following code char *p = "hello", *s = "this is a string"; p = s; printf("%s\n", p); What will happen?

It prints: this is a string

The complexity of searching an arbitrary binary search tree with n nodes is the order of

O(log n)

What is the main problem with using an array of structures to store data records such as contact list?

The total length of the list must be determined in advance.

When will the buffer be created?

When the file operation fopen is performed.

The size (number of bytes) of a structure-type variable can be changed by the following factors. Select all that apply.

adding a member into the structure. changing the orders of the members in the structure. changing the computer from a 32-bit to a 64-bit processor.

Given the following definition and declarations: #define size1 10 const int size2 = 20; char a1[size1]; char a2[size2]; which line of code can cause a compilation error?

char a2[size2];

Amazon's shopping recommendation list is based on?

data related to the buyer's behaviors

What parameters are required when performing file operations fread and fwrite? Select all that apply.

destination source item size number of items

In the hanoi towers function, what part of the code represents step 4: Construction of size-n problem from size-(n-1) problems?

hanoitowers(n-1, S, D, M); hanoitowers(1, S, M, D); hanoitowers(n-1, M, S, D);

Given the information below, how will you access the name of the third terminal node in the linked-list? Assume head is pointing to the first terminal node and there are at least 3 terminals in the linked-list. struct Terminal { char name[30]; char location[32]; struct Terminal* next;} *head;

head->next->next->name;

The data stored in a binary search tree is sorted, if the tree is traversed in

inorder

What data types in C have the same data range, assuming that the computer used is a 32-bit computer?

pointer type and unsigned int

Given the declaration: char A[3] = {'C', 'a', 'r'}, *p = A; what statement prints character a?

printf("%c", *(++p));

Consider the following snippet of code in a 32-bit computer. #define max 10 struct contact { char name[30]; char email[30]; int phone; };struct contact A[max]; int tail = 0; Which statement can read a phone number into the phone field of the structure?

scanf("%d", &contactbook[tail].phone);

How do you properly delete the first node of a linked list pointed to by head, assuming that the linked list is not empty and temp is another pointer of the same type?

temp = head; head = head -> next; free(temp)

Given the information below, which of the following snippet of C code will print every terminal in the linked list without any side-effects of changing the state. Assume head is the only reference to the linked list and there are more than one terminal in the list. struct Terminal { char name[30]; char location[32]; struct Terminal* next; } *head, *x;

x = head; while(x != NULL) { printf("%s - %s", x->name, x->location); x = x->next; }