CSI Parts of a computer

Installing

Copying a program onto your computer's hard drive from another source

Task bar

Includes the start menu and the clock

Education

Skill practice games, tutorials, how-to programs

Most common OS system for PCs

Windows

Difference between computer and computer science

A Computer is a machine used for data processing. Data is inputted into it, processed and then outputted. Computer science is the study of problems and how to solve them. Although it is in the name, computer science is not study of just computers, computers are simply a tool used in computer science.

User friendly

A computer that is easy to operate

Input

A device that enables information to be passed into the computer

Output

A device that receives information from the processor in the form of words, sounds, or pictures

Cloud

A network of remote servers hosted on the internet, rather than a local server or a personal computer

Program

A set of instructions that tells a computer how to perform a specific task

Algorithm

A set of instructions to be followed in calculations or problem solving, used by computers

Icon

A small picture that links to a file

Database

Address books, mailing lists

Wallpaper

Backdrop on the desktop

CPU

Brains of the computer. Controls information and tells other parts of the computer what to do

CD-ROM

Can store up to 650 MB of information. Read only

Network card

Connects computers and allow them to talk to each other

Start menu

Contains basic operations such as shut down and restart. Also contains a list of the computers programs

Toolbar

Contains icons or options that allow you to perform tasks in a specific program

Title bar

Contains title of page and buttons to close, resize, and minimize window

Desktop publishing

Creating birthday cards, newsletters

ROM (Read-only memory)

Data stored here cannot be modified, therefore part of the computer's operating system is built into ROM. Contains the most essential programs a computer needs to run correctly. Nonvolatile - stored information is saved if computer is turned off

Research

Encyclopedias, informational games

4 Advantages of a computer

Fast, high accuracy, higher storage capacity than humans, Can do repetitive monotonous work

Computer advancements in 2000

First phone with integrated camera was introduced by Japan's softbank. First USB flashdrive was introduced - used for data storage and file transferring between devices, werent damaged as easily as CDs and DVDs

External storage devices

Flash drives, CDs, Sandisks, etc

RAM (Random-access memory)

Form of storage in a computer. Integrated circuits allow data to be accessed in any order. Stored information is lost if the power is turned off - volatile

Video card

Handles the graphics that are displayed on the monitor

Motherboard

Holds all the parts of a computer

Storage

Holds data and information and gets that data to the CPU as quickly as possible when needed. Hard disks inside a computer are storage

Long term storage

Holds information for as long as you need or want (Hard drive, CD, Flash drive

Temporary storage

Holds information for short periods of time, only when computer is on (RAM)

Flash drive

Holds information greater than a CD or DVD

DVD

Holds more data than a CD, at least 7 GB. Used to watch movies, listen to music, or play computer games

4 main parts of a computer

Input, storage, processor, output

Input devices

Keyboards, mouse, scanner, digital camera, microphone

Byte

Least addressable unit in memory - least amount of memory that can be used to represent anything

Output devices

Monitor, speakers, printer

OS (Operating System)

Most important program in a computer. Large program that controls how the CPU communicates with other hardware components. Made of many smaller programs. Make computers user friendly. Stored on the hard drive

Download

Moving a program from the internet directly to your hard drive

4 disadvantages

No intelligence, fully dependent on humans, cannot make judgments based on feelings, needs a suitable environment

Programming

Process of taking an algorithm and converting it into a programming language, so the computer can understand and execute it

Window

Programs and applications that can be opened, closed, and resized

Abstraction

Separates the logical and physical perspectives of the problem and solution

Bit

Smallest unit of data in a computer. Has a single binary digit value, either 0 or 1

Secondary Memory

Stored in the hard drive. Holds the information that you store in a computer

Primary Memory

Stored on chips located on the motherboard. Holds all the essential memory that tells your computer how to be a computer

Hard drive

Stores information on is magnetic cylinders

Spreadsheets

Storing financial information

Types of computers

Supercomputer, Portable computer, Mainframe computer, Personal computer

Interface

The functions of the logical perspective of a process In the example of a car, you are using the functions provided by the car designers for the purpose of transporting you from one location to another and these functions are the interface

Computer science

The study of problems and problem-solving. The goal is to develop an algorithm for solving any instance of a problem that might arise.

Basic functionality

To take programs as an input, store them, process them in the CPU, and then receives information from the CPU in the form of words, pictures, or sounds

BIOS (Basic Input Output System)

Type of ROM. Responsible for waking up the computer when you turn it on to remind it of all the parts it has and what they do

USB port

Type of port used by flash drives

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Uses graphics or pictures to help the user navigate within the computer system

Trash bin

Where you put things you no longer want

Examples of programs

Word processing, Database, spreadsheets, desktop publishing, entertainment, education, research

Entertainment

games, music, video programs

Word processing

letter writing, essays, short stories