Cultural History of Paris

How did the building of Pont Neuf cause changes in Paris? What is the royal square ?

It unified Paris since people of different classes and different religion were interacting in this space. It did not revolved around a church instead it was state sponsored project. The Royal Square can accommodate 60,000 people; there was no glorification of the state or the monarchy or the church.

Leasers of the Enlightenment

age of Louis XIV (cusp between classicism too)

What did Louis xiv added to the Louvre

he added a royal residence to Versailles aka the palace of Tuileries and a gallery. (Neo-classical)

What was on the Ile Saint-Louis (aka Notre Dame Island)?

in 1600s, there was nothing there --> it was used to store wood. Afterwards, it was built on to look more modern with straight roads

Execution used to occur at a place called Montfaucon, outside of what was then Paris. Then they were moved to another more central place what was the place called

in the place de greve

What was the Place de Greve used for?

it was a place for execution. It was the symbolic display of executions which becomes more important as a way of asserting royal power.

What was France's second republic ?

national workshops to alleviate poverty. Election of May was as a result of people not agreeing with the national workshops so they were abolished which creates riots

When did the war of religion occur in Paris? What happened during this time?

Between the Renaissance and classicism. Saint Bartholomew's Day massacre

Which walls of Paris were torn down to make the first city tree-lined boulevard?

Charles V's walls

In front of what building was the Place de Greve located?

City Hall

How was the introduction of the Guillotine change how execution were done?

Commoners were hanged and people of nobility were guillotined (to establish aristocratic privilege. Executions were moved to the Place de la Revolution. The place de Greve was reserved for non-political executions.

What happened to Louis XVI and his wife, Marie Antoinette?

During the French Revolution, they were forcibly removed and imprisoned in Tuileries Palace, adjacent to the Louvre; they were beheaded.

Gersaint's art shop was located on the Pont-Neuf. True or False

False, there were no shops on the Pont Neuf.

How does Hugo see New Paris?

He believes it will become a city of plaster and how it is no loner organic.

What is Hugo's stance on the Middle Ages (aka gothic Paris)

He does not like modern Paris. He uses many metaphors and personifies the building of the Middle Ages. He values how people interact with the city, the durability and harmonious gothic Paris was. Main reason he wrote about Notre Dame is because it was going to be destroyed; he was defending this type of architecture.

What was Napoleon vision for the rue de Rivoli?

He had a vision for the way the streets should unfold which would be long straight roads.

What did Charles V added to the Louvre?

He remodeled a upper floor to the Louvre. Lost its military function

What time period is Hugo from and what other time period does he refer to in his article of Notre Dame

Hugo is from around the time of the Revolution. He refers to the Middle Ages

What is the significance of the layout of France?

It was built from the east to the west. The west are more luxurious, wealthy and conservative.

Which was the first place in Paris. Also, when were the rest of the place installed.

La place dauphine > place Royale > place des victoires > Place Louis Le Grand > Place Louis XV (aka Place de la Concorde) [from east (left) to west (right)]

What is Mumford's argument on the city of Paris?

Medieval is primitive and needs to be modernized to which he disagrees. Argues that Paris was built with intention to align with natural forces. (Curve roads to beat the winds, densely packed to be in walking distance). Mumford is trying to hold onto the past and look for compromises when it comes to integrating new technology in the city.

What is considered Old Paris and New Paris?

Old Paris referred to within the walls dating from before the Farmers General wall (ile de la cite and ile saint-Louis)

What did Henri IV contribute to Paris?

Point Neuf and the Place Royale

What is Foucault's thesis?

Power used to be exercised by making itself visible but starting around this time power becomes hidden or is disseminated into institutional networks (hospitals, schools, and the military)

leaders of 1800's

Revolution of 1830, Revolution of 1848

What did Louis IVX added to the Paris and why?

Royal squares and boulevards. he wanted to build things that were pleasing to the eye.

Describe the Gallo Roman walls.

The left bank was deserted. The ile de la cite was protected by a fortress. Then a new wall was built at the right bank

What is int he middle of the place de la Concorde?

The obelisk of Luxor; Egyptian government gave to the French in the 19th century

What was on the ile de la cite in 1719?

This island looks very medieval. This was around the time of the revolution.

What is the Place Royale successive names?

Under the revolution: Place des federes, place de la indivisibilité, place des vosges under the restoration: Place Royale. Under the July Monarchy: Place de la Republique. Under second empire: Place Royale. Under the Coummune until now: Place des vosges.

City wall: Charles V

c. 1356-1420 (right inner side of Paris)

What does the new Paris have?

extravagance, dressing for display. The mother in the play believe women should dress for their husbands not for the public.

How does Dejan's defend her case about the Pont Neuf and the place des vosges?

it was the first time a bridge was created as an urban center piece. There were no houses or stores on the bridge since it was narrow. The place de vosges was the first planned public space and was a recreational space.

What is Moliere's Tartuffe about?

its a controversial play b/c it is anti-religion in the public sphere. it advocate being a personal but not used to limit certain behaviors. The play is about children convincing their mother to stay and be apart of the New Paris. Mother does not like the New Paris.

What are the main point of Chevalier?

lots of building under the restoration but meant for the rich at the outskirts of the city. Changes in population diversity; greater segregation between the rich and the poor. Results in the stigmatization of the central city as dangerous and unhealthy

City wall: Philippe Auguste

1190-1210 (left inner side of Paris)

Leaders of the Middle Ages

1200- Philip Augustus and 1350-1400 - Charles V

leaders of the renaissance

1520-1570? Francois 1

City wall: yellow moats

1566 and after (top left 2nd inner of Paris)

What marked the end of the Wars of Religion?

1598 marked the end of the Wars of Religion. The proclamation of Edict of Nantes by Henri IV made possible a religious tolerance and encourages the French to forget.

leaders of classicism

1600-1650 ? Henri IV and 1650-1720 age of Louis XIV (tips over to Enlightenment period)

City wall: Farmers general

1785-90

City Wall: Thiers

1841-43 (2nd outer circle in Paris)

City Wall: Last annexations

1920s (last outer circle of Paris)

What did Francois 1 contribute to Paris?

A city hall

What were the first five royal squares in Paris 1790?

Place Louis le grande, place des victoires, place Louis XV, place royale (place des vosges), and place Dauphine.

The idea of having a large, formal square in front of paris city hall dates around a) medieval period b) the renaissance c) Louis XIV's reign d) the 19th century

The 19th century

Where is the Louvre located?

The Louvre is located right side of the river or north bank