Culture and Society FAU Pearson Revel Chapter 2

Which of the following best illustrates a reactive adaptation?

A minority cultural group violently reacts against oppression from the dominant cultural group.

Which of the following is an example of a revitalization movement?

A prophet from a colonized cultural group leads his people in a return to traditional cultural practices.

How do evolutionary biologists today differ from the social Darwinists of early cultural anthropology?

Evolutionary biologists today believe that all humans equally possess the capacity for culture and adaptation.

People who support the concept of polarization believe which of the following?

Globalization is causing non-European cultures to resist joining a single world culture.

How does the idea of homogenization differ from hybridization?

In the homogenization model, globalization is creating one uniform global culture. In the hybridization model, globalization is creating cultural diversity as people combine elements from multiple cultures.

How are many indigenous cultures affected by globalization?

Many indigenous cultures are losing their traditional ways of life as a result of globalization.

How does gender affect cultural distinctions within a society?

Men and women typically have different tasks to do in the home and the community.

Why did Edward Tylor stress the idea that members of a society, rather than simply individuals, acquire culture?

People learn and transmit culture through their interactions with one another.

What do the long-term problems caused by the technological innovations of the Industrial Revolution reveal about culture?

Some cultural practices may be maladaptive.

Which of the following is characteristic of all definitions of culture?

They include statements about human behavior, group activities, and shared knowledge and beliefs.

Which of the following statements about culture and globalization is accurate?

While many forces of globalization are tied to only a few dominant cultures, the opportunity for resistance from local cultures also exists.

An American woman assuming that it is her responsibility to make breakfast and change the baby's diapers illustrates which of the following?

a naturalized concept

An indigenous group is colonized by a European culture. Within the span of two generations the indigenous group has given up its traditional culture for the culture of the colonizers. This indigenous group's experience illustrates which process of culture change?

assimilation

When people design homes, they consider the relationships of the people who will live there, whether specific areas should be public or private, the local climate, and available building materials. All of these considerations draw on which of the following?

cultural knowledge

Which of the following have the greatest impact on globalization today?

multinational corporations

Which of the following illustrates the premise that cultures are integrated systems?

religious laws that dictate how food should be obtained, processed, and consumed

Which of the following is brought about through the sharing of cultural models and norms?

social cohesion

Which of the following fall under the category of cultural behaviors?

the activities involved in acquiring food, creating shelter, and providing leadership

Which of the following is an example of cultural diffusion?

the adoption of pottery styles and motifs by neighboring villages

Tessa is a development anthropologist. Which of the following is a project she might work on?

working with local farming communities to create more efficient irrigation systems in dry climates