Curriculum and the Young Child Midterm Review
What is curriculum?
"A series of learning objective statements that contain a performance standard and content standard."
What are other definitions of curriculum?
- A program of studies - A course of study - To run a course - A set of performance objectives
What are Developmentally Appropriate Practices?
- Age Appropriateness - Individually Appropriateness - Socially and Culturally Appropriateness
What are the types of assessment?
- Formative: gathering feedback to improve instruction - Summative: sums up success at the END of a unit - Norm-Referenced: reports students performance and compares it with a representative sample - Criterion-Referenced: designed to measure student performance against a fixed set of predetermined criteria.
What are some implications that teachers should keep in mind when dealing with DAP?
- Share DAP info with parents, colleagues, and community decision makers. - Examine and Reflect back on practices
What are the types of curriculum?
- Written/Overt - Societal - Hidden/Covert - Null - Phantom - Concomitant - Rhetorical - Curriculum-in-use - Received - Internal - Electronic
What are the three main domains that are cared for when planning for instruction?
- cognitive - affective - psychomotor
What are the stages of Backward Designing?
1: Identify Desired Results 2: Evidence 3: Design Effectively
What is Vygotsky's theory?
A sociocultural cognitive theory that emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development.
Following completion of the kindergarten year:
Assessment data should be shared with the grade 1 teacher.
Assessment should:
Be formative and summative
When assessing the overall layout of a classroom, what two factors should be so clear that children's movement behavior will be directly influenced?
Boundaries and Pathways
What describes a common goal for every whole group time?
Children develop a sense of community.
What are the main characteristics of effective family engagement?
Collaboration, Variety, Intensity, Individuation
Why is there a need for DAP?
DAP addresses 3 significant early childhood. - lack of universal high-quality education programs - inappropriate curricula for children - growing concerns over differences in achievement among certain groups of children
What children benefit from Developmentally Appropriate Programs?
DAP is applicable broadly for males and females, for advantaged and impoverished children, for the talented and gifted as well as children having special needs
What was Dewey known for?
Dewey advocated children's learning by doing through hands-on activities and a child-centered integrated curriculum.
What is the activity plan format?
Domain, Activity Name, Goal, Objectives, Content, Materials, Procedures, Simplifications, Extensions, and Evaluation
Who's known as the father of Kindergarten?
Friedrich Froebel
Under what circumstances should teachers consciously consider the cultural appropriateness of activities?
In any group of children, regardless of group composition.
What is the PRIMARY reason for teachers to collect assessment data?
Inform Instruction
What makes the components of the group time flow together?
Interesting Transitions
What does Developmentally Appropriate Practice do?
It promotes high-quality programs to enhance children's development and learning
What is Maria Montessori's method?
It's based on the idea that children learn best when the environment supports their natural desire to acquire skills and knowledge.
Who wrote the song "Happy Birthday"?
Patty S. Hill
Why is it important to plan a lesson in advance?
Planning helps teachers to: - Address the "whole child" - Gather things in advance - Address differences - Identify assessment strategies
How can you promote family involvement?
Provide calendars that describe simple daily or weekly learning activities that families can try at home with their children.
What are things that educators should keep in mind when organizing space and materials in the classroom?
Safety, Space, Sound, Equipment/Material Size, Mobility, Attractiveness, and Storage
What are the parts of a standard from the TEKS?
Strand, Component, Subsection, Knowledge & Skills Statement, and Students Expectations (SE)
What is Piaget's theory?
Suggests that children move through four different stages of mental development.
Why should the level of skills required for activities vary if all the children in the group are the same age?
The children will be at different developmental levels.
Which of the parts of an activity plan focuses on the effectiveness of your teaching?
The evaluation
What is the best reason to use centers in early childhood settings?
The instructional difficulties related to individual and experiential differences are minimized.
What is scaffolding?
The process of providing and then gradually removing external support for children's learning.
In standardized testing, what does the term validity mean?
The test measures what it is supposed to.
What is a characteristic of effective family involvement?
There is a match between what programs are designed to accomplish and what families need as well as between the strategies implemented and those to which family members feel receptive.
Which of the following statements is the best reason for studying child development as an early childhood educator?
To better understand how to sequence children's experiences in the classroom.
What types of objects should be included in ALL indoor centers?
Writing materials and books
What does reliability stand for?
a measure of consistency
What are the levels of Bloom's Taxonomy?
remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, creating