Daily limitations
Minimum flight spoilers extended speed
"To ensure adequate maneuver margins, flight spoilers must not be extended in flight at airspeeds below the RECOMMENDED APPROACH (VREF +5) or MANEUVERING (VREF +10) speeds PLUS 17 KIAS" (2.15.2)
Takeoff maximum temperature (-1,000 to sea level)
+50C (2.2.5)
What is the Max permissible time for ground operations with DC power only and why
- 5 minutes - To protect flight compartment CRT displays (2.14)
Engine start inflight APU limitations
- During single engine operations, APU bleed air extraction for an engine start is not permitted - During double engine failure, APU bleed air extraction for engine starts is permitted; however, APU bleed air extraction is limited to 13,000 feet and below. (2.12.2.2)
How long after start must the engines run at idle before takeoff thrust is set?
- First start of the day = 5 minutes - Every other start = 2 minutes (2.21.3.2)
When must the anti-ice system be on in flight?
- Ice is annunciated by the ice detectors system or: - When in icing conditions and the airspeed is less than 230 KIAS or: - When in icing conditions during descent from cruise altitude or: - prior to extending flaps for approach when TAT is 10C (50F) or below (2.18.2.2)
When must the wing anti-ice system be selected and confirmed on when type 2, 3,or 4 has been applied?
- Just prior to thrust increase for takeoff (2.18.2.1)
Rule regarding the use of low pressure air ground connection
- Main cabin door or avionics bay door MUST be open. -Airwis normally only uses the main cabin door to meet this requirement (2.10)
When must the wing anti-ice be selected on prior to take off?
- Must be on for the final two minutes of taxi prior to takeoff when the OAT is 5C or below unless: - Type 2, type 3, or type 4 anti-icing fluids have been applied (2.18.2.1)
When must the wing anti-ice be selected for takeoff?
- OAT below 5C and: - visible moisture in any form is present below 400 feet AGL or: - The runway is wet or contaminated or: - in the presence of any precipitation (2.18.2.1)
When do icing conditions exist on the ground?
- OAT is 5C or below and: - Visible moisture in any form is present below 400 feet AGL or: - The runway is wet or contaminated, or: - in the presence of any precipitation (2.18.2.1)
What colors are EICAS markings and what does each color mean?
- Red = maximum and minimum limitations - Amber = caution range - Green = normal operating range (2.21.2)
If the wing anti-ice system is selected ON for takeoff, what else must be selected on?
- The cowl anti-ice system (2.18.2.1)
List restrictions to autopilot modes
- Use of PITCH mode for takeoff, climbs and descents is prohibited (company) - Use of DES mode (flight director or autopilot coupled) during approach is not permitted (2.11.1)
What is the policy regarding use of reverse thrust during taxi operations?
- Use of reverse thrust during taxi operations should be avoided on wet and contaminated surfaces to prevent wind contamination (2.18.2.1)
Minimum altitudes and rules in regards to autopilot use
- Visual and non-precision approaches = 400AGL - Precision approaches (ILS) = 80AGL - Must disconnect at 50 feet below the approved MDA or DA or the limits above, whichever is higher - ADC source coupled to the active autopilot must be the same as that coupled to the ATC transponder during flight in RVSM airspace (2.11.2)
Potential results of frost, snow, ice, or slush adhering to wing leading edges and forward upper wing surface
- adversely change stall speeds - stall characteristics - stall protection system (2.9.7)
What is he effect of even a small accumulation of ice on the wing leading edge?
- change stall speed - change stall characteristics - change the warning margin provided by the stall protection computer (2.18.2)
What qualifies as excessive rotation and what are the results of excessive rotation
- exceeding 3 degrees per second - may reduce stall margins - stick shaker/pusher - may result in loss of control (2.6.1)
Engine start on ground APU limitations
- no bleed air extraction limitations - Each engine may be started using the APU as a bleed air source - If both engines are to be stated using the APU bleed air, then the operating engine's thrust must not exceed 70% N2 (2.12.2.2)
When and in what conditions may the wing anti-ice system be selected OFF on an approach?
- on final approach when: - fully configured for landing and - ICE is not annunciated by the ice detection system and - not in icing conditions (2.18.2.2)
What type of checks and when to do those checks in regards to surface contamination
- visual and tactile check during walk around to ensure wings are free from frost, ice, snow, and slush. - Must be performed when; -The OAT is +5c or less or -The wing fuel temp is 0c or less or -The atmospheric conditions have been conducive to frost formation (2.9.7)
Minimum Takeoff and Landing Altitude
-1000 ft (2.2.1)
Minimum ambient temperature for starting a cold-soaked APU on the ground
-40 C (2.12.2.4)
Takeoff minimum ambient temperature
-40C (2.2.5)
Maximum Passengers
-53 (50 + 3 children) -FCM specifies a limit of 53 due to the amount of flotation devices on the aircraft (2.4.3)
What procedures are prohibited when there is a presence of a NOTAM that states " Radio altimeter unreliable due to 5G C-band wireless broadband interference"
-ILS, Instrument approach procedures SA CAT 1, SA CAT 2, and CAT 3 -RNP with Authorization required (RNP AR IAP) -Automatic Landing operations -Manual Flight Control Guidance System operations to landing/head-up display (HUD) to touchdown operations -Use of Enhanced Flight Vision System (EFVS) to touchdown under 14 CFR 91.176(a) (2.16.7)
Which approaches are prohibited when using the FMS
-ILS, LOC, LOC-BC, LDA, SDF, MLS approaches using the FMS are prohibited. - The FMS does not provide automatic transition to the ILS (2.16.5.1)
What must be done before the firs start of the day when the airplane is cold-soaked at an ambient temperature of -30C or below for more than 8 hours?
-N1 fan rotation must be verified before introducing fuel for an engine start -Thrust reversers must be actuated until the deploy and stow cycles are less than 5 seconds (2.21.4)
What must be turned off for takeoff? (Regarding fuel)
-Powered (automatic) crossflow -Gravity crossflow (2.17.3.1)
When is single engine taxi authorized and unauthorized?
-SET is the expected method of conducting taxi operations (left engine shut down only) -SET is not authorized when; - damage or injury may result to equipment or personnel on the ramp due to high thrust settings which may be required - for the first outbound taxi of the day - when airport surfaces are contaminated with snow or ice (2.8.1)
What is the definition of icing conditions in flight?
-TAT of 10C or below and visible moisture in any form is encountered except when the SAT is -40C or below (2.18.1.1)
What is the definition of visible moisture?
-Visible moisture includes clouds, fog with visibility of 1 mile or less, rain, snow, sleet, or ice crystals (2.18.1.2)
Can L or R WING A/ICE caution messages be posted during taxi?
-Yes, but must be verified out and WING A/ICE ON advisory message posted, prior to takeoff. -If wing anti-ie is not required for takeoff, it should be selected OFF just prior to takeoff (2.18.2.1)
Minimum altitude with flight spoilers extended
1,000 feet AFE "AWA Limitation: Flight spoilers must not be extended in flight below an altitude of 1,000 ft AFE" (2.15.2)
Max tailwind for takeoff and landing
10 knots (2.5.3)
RCAM Value 1 Max crosswind component
10 knots (2.5.3)
RCAM Value 2 Max crosswind component
10 knots (2.5.3)
Max CAT 2 tailwind component for landing
10 knots (2.5.4)
Maximum Takeoff and Landing Altitude
10,000 ft (2.2.1)
Max altitude for engine starts using APU bleed air
13,000 feet (2.12.1.1)
RCAM Value 3 Max crosswind component
15 knots (2.5.3)
Max CAT 2 crosswind component for landing
15 knots (2.5.4)
Max continuous APU cranking time on GPU power (All attempts)
15 seconds (2.12.2.4)
Max altitude for using APU bleed air
15,000 feet (2.12.1.1)
Max altitude with flaps extended
15,000 feet (2.15.1)
Tire limit speed (ground speed)
182 knots (2.3.9)
How long must the engines run at idle thrust before shutdown?
2 minutes prior to shutdown. Normal taxi is considered part of this 2 minute cool down time. But use of reverse thrust on the landing roll is not. The 2 minute timing should begin when the aircraft leaves the landing runway and begins taxi to the gate. (2.21.3.2)
What is the maximum N2 split between engine at ground idle thrust?
2% (2.21.3.1)
RCAM Value 4 Max crosswind component
20 knots (2.5.3)
VLOR (Landing gear retraction speed)
200 (2.3.2)
If the windshield wiper has failed in a non-parked position, what is the maximum speed the aircraft can fly?
220 KIAS (2.18.4)
What is the maximum speed for windshield wiper operation?
220 KIAS (2.18.4)
VLOE (Landing gear extension speed)
250 (2.3.2)
VLE (Landing gear extended speed)
250 (2.3.3)
RCAM Value 5 Max crosswind component
27 knots (2.5.3)
RCAM Value 6 Max crosswind component
27 knots (2.5.3)
Max. continuous APU cranking time on battery power (All attempts)
30 seconds (2.12.2.4)
Minimum Flight Weight
30,000 (2.4.1)
Max APU start altitude
30,000 ft (2.12.1.1)
Air Wisconsin Maximum Operating Altitude
37,000 ft (2.2.1)
Manufacturer maximum operating altitude
41,000 ft (2.2.1)
MZFW (Maximum Zero Fuel Weight)
44,000 lbs (2.4.1)
What is the minimum oil pressure required for a normal takeoff?
45 PSI (2.21.3)
How close must flight be to suitable airport if cargo is carried in the cargo department
45 minutes (2.9.3)
What is the minimum fuel for go-around
450 pounds per wing (as indicated with the airplane level) and assuming a maximum climb attitude of 10 degrees nose up. (2.17.1.2)
MLW (Maximum Landing Weight)
47,000 lbs (2.4.1)
MTOW (Max Takeoff Weight)
53,000 lbs (2.4.1)
Max Ramp Weight
53,250 lbs (2.4.1)
What is he lowest fuel temperature allowed for takeoff?
5C (2.17.3)
What is the maximum permissible fuel imbalance
800 lbs "The maximum permissible fuel imbalance between the main left tank and main right take is 800 lbs" (2.17.1.3)
Amount of time "off" after APU start attempts (Attempts 1,2,3,4)
Attempt 1- 2 minutes off Attempt 2 - 20 minutes off Attempt 3 - 2 minutes off Attempt 4 - No further attempts for at least 40 minutes (2.12.2.4)
When must the stall protection system test be accomplished
Before the first flight of the day (2.15.3)
When must the horizontal stabilizer trim check be accomplished?
Before the first flight of the day (2.15.4)
Flaps 45 Operating and Extended Speeds
Both 170 (2.3.1)
Flaps 30 Operating and Extended Speeds
Both 185 (2.3.1)
Max altitude for starting APU
FL300 (2.12.2.4)
Enroute Maximum Temperature (Above 10,000 ft to 41,000 ft)
ISA +30 °C (2.2.5)
Enroute Maximum Temperature (Sea Level to 10,000 ft)
ISA +35C (2.2.5)
Takeoff maximum temperature (sea level to 10,000 ft)
ISA +35C (2.2.5)
When must the 10th stage bleed valves be closed for takeoff and landing?
If the engine cowl and/or wing anti-ice systems have been selected on (2.13)
Flaps 20 Operating and Extended Speeds
Max operating - 200 Max extended - 230 (Airwis 200) (2.3.1)
Flaps 8 Operating and Extended Speeds
Max operating - 200 Max extended -230 (Airwis 200) (2.3.1)
What can be the result of failing to set the appropriate pitch trim for take off
May result in excessive rotation rate at takeoff (2.6.2)
Turbulence Penetration Speed
Most restrictive of 280KIAS or 0.75 Mach (2.3.4)
Max depth of standing water for takeoff and landing
Takeoff - 0.50" Landing - 0.750" (2.5.5)
Max depth of slush for takeoff and landing
Takeoff - 0.50" Landing - 0.880" (2.5.5)
Max depth of wet snow for takeoff and landing
Takeoff - 1.00" Landing - 1.50" (2.5.5)
Max depth of dry snow for takeoff and landing
Takeoff - 3.00" Landing - 3.75" (2.5.5)
Rule regarding frost adhering to underside of the wing
Takeoff is permitted with frost adhering to the underside of the wing, which is caused by cold-soaked fuel. (2.9.7)
Rule regarding contamination of critical flight surfaces for takeoff
Takeoff is prohibited if frost, ice, snow, or slush is adhering to any critical surface. (Wings, horizontal stabilizer, vertical stabilizer, control surfaces, and engine inlets) (2.9.7)
Center fuel tank limitation
Takeoff with a fuel load in excess of 500 pounds in the center tank is not permitted unless each main wing tank is above 4,400 pounds (2.17.1.1)
If the EICAS is displaying more conservative engine indication limits than what is published in the FCM, which limitations do we use?
The EICAS limitations (2.21.2)
You see the message "NO APPROACH" on the PFD. You know that.....
The approach must not be continued past the final approach fix (2.16.5.1)
What is the only guidance that should be used when responding to a RA
Vertical "Only vertical guidance should be used when responding to a RA" (2.16.2)
When is it prohibited to accelerate above idle in regards to N2 indications?
When N2 is 57% or less with an OAT of -20C or greater (warmer) (2.21.3.1)
When must the cowl anti-ice system be on in flight?
When in icing conditions or when ICE is annunciated by the ice detection system. (2.18.3.2)
When must the cowl anti-ice system be on during ground operations?
When the OAT is 10 °C or below and visible moisture in any form is present, and/or when operating on surfaces with snow, ice, standing water, or slush present. (2.18.3.1)
What must you do before opening any door?
You must de-pressurize the aircraft. Failure to do so may result in an accident, injury, or death. (2.10)
When must the taxi lights be turned off when the aircraft is stationary?
after 10 minutes (2.19.2)
