DAVIES: Anatomy, Physiology, & Hemodynamics

Because of the location of the inferior vena cava, the left renal vein: A. Crosses anterior to the aorta inferior to the left renal artery B. Crosses posterior to the aorta proximal to the renal artery C. Crosses posterior to the aorta distal to the renal artery D. Does not cross the aorta E. Is displaced superior to the origin of the celiac axis

A. Crosses anterior to the aorta inferior to the left renal artery

The great vessels arising from the aortic arch include all of the following EXCEPT the: A. Innominate artery B. Right Subclavian artery C. Left Common carotid artery D. Left Subclavian artery E. All arise from the aortic arch

B. Right Subclavian artery

The vertebral arteries branch from the Subclavian arteries to unite and form the: A. Ophthalmic artery B. Anterior cerebral artery C. Basilar artery D. Superficial temporal artery E. Posterior communicating artery

C. Basilar Artery

The smallest vessels in the body are: A. Arterioles B. Venules C. Capillaries D. Intimas E. Adventitias

C. Capillaries

At the inguinal ligament, the external illiac artery becomes the: A. Internal iliac artery B. Profunda femoral artery C. Common femoral artery D. Superficial femoral artery E. Common iliac artery

C. Common femoral artery

Of the following vein segments, which is imaged LEAST commonly: A. Distal femoral vein B. Proximal deep femoral vein C. Distal deep femoral vein D. Distal popliteal vein E. Common femoral vein

C. Distal deep femoral vein

This vessel courses along the medial aspect of the psoas muscle: A. Femoral artery B. Internal iliac artery C. External iliac artery D. Inferior mesenteric artery E. None of the above

C. External iliac artery

The following arteries have low-resistance flow character: A. Internal carotid, preprandial superior mesenteric and renal arteries B. External carotid, preprandial superior mesenteric and renal arteries C. Internal carotid, postprandial superior mesenteric, and renal arteries D. External carotid, postprandial superior mesenteric and renal arteries E. Internal carotid and superior mesenteric arteries

C. Internal carotid, postprandial superior mesenteric and renal arteries

Which artery supplies the small intestine, right colon, and transverse colon? A. Inferior mesenteric B. Superior mesenteric C. Left gastric D. Right gastric E. Gastroduodenal

B. Superior mesenteric

Helical flow with flow separation on the wall away from the flow divider is a sign of: A. Normal flow dynamics B. Thrombosis C. Dissection D. Stenosis E. Intraplaque hemorrhage

A. Normal flow dynamics

In B-mode imaging of the common femoral artery and its bifurcation into the profunda femoris and superficial femoral arteries, normally the profunda femoris artery courses: A. Posterolateral to the superficial femoral artery B. Anterolateral to the superficial femoral artery C. Posteromedial to the superficial femoral artery D. Anteromedial to the superficial femoral artery E. Lateral to the superficial femoral artery

A. Posterolateral to the superficial femoral artery

Which of the following is NOT a deep vein of the upper extremity? A. Ulnar vein B. Cephalic vein C. Axillary vein D Radial vein E. Brachial vein

B. Cephalic

Which vein in the antecubitial fossa connects the cephalic and basilic veins? A. Axillary vein B. Median cubital vein C. Cephalic vein D. Basilic vein E. Ulnar vein

B. Median cubital vein

The most common anatomic variation of the renal arteries is: A. Congenital absence of one main renal artery B. Multiple renal arteries C. Anterocaval course of right renal artery D. Retroaortic renal artery E. Coarctation of the renal artery

B. Multiple renal arteries

A venule contains which vessel layers? A. Tunica adventitia, tunica media, and tunica intima B. Tunica adventitia and tunica media C. Tunica adventitia and tunica intima D. Tunica media and tunica intima E. Tunica media and tunica adventitia

C. Tunica adventitia and tunica intima

The layer of arterial or venous wall composed entirely of endothelial cells is the: A. Tunica adventitia B. Tunica media C. Tunica intima D. No layer is composed of only one type of tissue E. Each layer is composed entirely of endothelial tissue

C. Tunica intima

Which of the following vessels joins the brachial vein to form the axillary vein? A. Subclavian vein B. Innominate vein C. Cephalic vein D. Basilic vein E. Ulnar vein

D. Basilic vein

The circle of Willis receives its blood supply from which combination of arteries? A. Internal and external carotid arteries B. Subclavian and vertebral arteries C. Posterior cerebral artery and basilar artery D. Carotid and vertebral arteries E. Right and left vertebral arteries

D. Carotid and veterbral arteries

The splenic, common hepatic, and left gastric arteries arise from this abdominal artery: A. Inferior mesenteric artery B. Proper hepatic artery C. Superior mesenteric artery D. Celiac trunk E. They are not branches of the same artery

D. Celiac Trunk

The Left Common Iliac Vein: A. Crosses anterior to the left common iliac artery just distal to the aortic bifurcation B. Crosses anterior to the right common iliac artery just distal to the aortic bifurcation C. Crosses posterior to the left common iliac artery just distal to the aortic bifurcation D. Crosses posterior to the right common iliac artery just distal to the bifurcation E. Does not cross either common iliac artery

D. Crosses posterior to the right common iliac artery just distal to the aortic bifurcation

Vessels and structures of the penis include all the following EXCEPT: A. Deep artery of the penis B. Dorsal artery of the penis C. Corpus Spongiosum D. Inferior vessel artery E. Dorsal Vein

D. Inferior vessel artery

Another name for the hypogastric artery is: A. External iliac artery B. Gastroduodenal artery C. Hepatic artery D. Internal iliac artery E. Celiac artery

D. Internal iliac artery

Which of the following statements about the dorsalis pedis artery is NOT correct? A. It runs anterior to the medial malleolus B. It is typically the continuation of the anterior tibial artery C. It joins the pedal arch about halfway along the dorsum of the foot D. It is a branch of the peroneal artery E. It begins at the bend of the foot and ankle

D. It is a branch of the peroneal artery

The two arteries creating the bidirectional signal observed 60 to 65 mm deep during transcranial insonation of the temporal window are the: A. Posterior cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries B. Right and left vertebral arteries C. Middle cerebral and posterior cerebral arteries D. Middle cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries E. Right or left vertebral and right or left posterior inferior cerebral arteries

D. Middle cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries

The Superior Vena Cava is formed by the junction of the: A. Inferior Vena Cava and Right Innominate Vein B. Innominate and Right Subclavian Veins C. Innominate and Left Subclavian Veins D. Right and Left Brachiocephalic Veins E. Right and Left Subclavian Veins

D. Right and Left Brachiocephalic Veins

Which of the following vessels is NOT found on or near the foot? A. The dorsalis pedis B. The posterior tibial C. The peroneal D. The circumflex E. All are found on or near the foot

D. The Circumflex - there are several "circumflex" arteries, some near or proximal to the groin

The first major arterial branch of the aorta is the: A. Right Common Carotid Artery B. Left Common Carotid Artery C. Right Subclavian Artery D. Innominate Artery E. Left Subclavian Artery

D. The Innominate Artery - also called the Brachiocephalic trunk

The great saphenous vein: A. Originates along the medial dorsal of the foot B. Passes superior of, anterior to the medial malleolus C. Is accompanied by the saphenous nerve D. Receives tributaries from all surfaces of the lower extremity E. All are correct

E. All are correct

Which of the following arteries arise from the external carotid artery? A. Superior thyroid artery B. Lingual artery C. Facial artery D. Ascending pharyngeal artery E. All the above

E. All the above

The popliteal trifurcation is actually a double bifurcation. Which pairs form these two bifurcations? A. Posterior tibial and tibioperoneal trunk; then anterior tibial and peroneal B. Perneal and tibioperoneal trunk; then posterior adn anterior tibials C. Anterior tibial and popliteal; then posterior tibial and peroneal D. Posterior tibial and popliteal; then anterior tibial and peroneal E. Anterior tibial and tibioperoneal trunk; then posterior tibial and peroneal

E. Anterior tibial and tibioperoneal trunk; then posterior tibial and peroneal

The paratibial perorating veins - formerly Boyd's perforator are located: A. In the lower calf B. In the distal thigh C. In the proximal thigh D. On the dorsum of the foot E. Below the knee

E. Below the knee

The axillary artery connects the: A. Radial to the ulnar artery B. Ulnar to the brachial artery C. Brachial artery to the radial artery D. Radial to the subclavian artery E. Brachial artery to the subclavian artery

E. Brachial artery to the subclavian artery

The most common anatomic variant of the aortic arch is: A. A common origin of the innominate and left common carotid arteries B. Origin of the left vertebral artery from the aortic arch C. Origin of the right subclavian artery from the aortic arch D. Origin of the right common carotid artery from the aortic arch E. Duplication of the subclavian arteries

A. A common origin of the innominate and left common carotid arteries

The superior mesenteric artery typically originates from the: A. Aorta between the celiac trunk and the renal arteries B. Common msenteric trunk or axis C. Aorta inferior to the renal arteries D. Aorta superior to the celiac trunk E. Celiac trunk

A. Aorta between the celiac trunk and the renal arteries

What is the name of the tiny intrarenal branches that arise from the interlobar arteries at right angles and course above the renal pyramids? A. Arcuate arteries B. Segmental arteries C. Interlobular arteries D. Capsular arteries E. Intralobular arteries

A. Arcuate arteries

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding the great saphenous vein? A. It passes superiorly on the lateral side of the knee B. It passes superiorly on the medial side of the thigh C. It enters the common femoral vein D. It extends distally to the dorsum of the foot E. It has more valves in the calf than in the thigh

A. It passes superiorly on the lateral side of the knee

The renal arteries arise from the aorta: A. Laterally B. Inferior to the inferior mesentericartery C. Posteriorly D. Superiorly to the superior mesenteric artery E. Anteriorly

A. Laterally

The infraorbital artery is a terminal branch of the: A. Maxillary artery B. Facial artery C. Inferior alveolar artery D. Transverse facial artery E. Superficial temporal artery

A. Maxillary artery

Which artery is the left branch of the celiac trunk? A. Splenic artery B. Hepatic artery C. Left gastric artery D. Gastroduodenal artery E. The relative size of the branches varies too widely to say with certainty

A. Splenic artery

The vertebral artery usually arises from the: A. Subclavian artery B. Thyrocervical trunk C. Costicervical trunk D. Superior thyroid artery E. Dorsal scapular artery

A. Subclavian artery

A useful landmark for locating the renal arteries is the: A. Superior mesenteric artery B. Right renal artery C. Celiac axis D. Common hepatic artery E. Inferior mesenteric artery

A. Superior mesenteric artery

The term tunica intima denotes: A. The inner lining of the arterial wall B. The outer lining of the arterial wall C. Transverse arterial muscle fbers D. Longitudinal muscle fibers E The middle layer of the arterial wall

A. The inner lining of the arterial wall

Regarding capillaries, which is FALSE? A. They have only intima and adventitia layers B. They measure approximately 8 microns in diameter C. The transit time of blood through capillaries is approximately one to three seconds. D. They lose fluid at the arteriolar end E. They resorb fluid at the venular end.

A. They have only intima and adventitia layers

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the internal carotid artery? A. Its first major branch is the apthalmic artery B. It supplies a high-resistance system C. It supplies a low-resistance system D. It is part of the anterior cerebral system E. It originates at the carotid bifurcation

B. It supplies a high-resistance system

The brachial veins connect the: A. Ulnar and radial veins to the axillary vein B. Ulnar and radial veins to the subclavian vein C. Ulnar vein to the cephalic vein D. Radial vein to the subclavian vein E. Radial vein to the axillary vein

A. Ulnar and radial veins to the axillary vein

The three terminal branches for the ophthalmic artery are the: A. Superficial, facial and frontal arteries B. Nasal, frontal, and supraorbital arteries C. Basilar, anterior communicating and posterior communicating arteries D. Vertebral, facial, and nasal arteries E. Nasal, frontal and facial arteries

B. Nasal, frontal, and supraorbital arteries

The superficial vein that sends flow to the three main perforating veins of the distal calf (Crockett perforators) is called: A. Small saphenous vein B. Posterior accessory vein C. Peroneal vein D. Perforator trunk vein E. Medial malleolar vein

B. Posterior accessory vein

Which of the following arteries does NOT arise from the subclavian artery? A. Vertebral B. Superior thyroid C. Internal thoracic D. Thyrocervical trunk (axis) E. Internal mammary

B. Superior thyroid - superior thyroid artery is usually the first branch of the ECA

The prominence of the larynx is formed by the: A. Hyoid bone B. Thyroid cartilage C. Cricoid cartilage D. Thyroid gland E. Greater cornu

B. Thyroid cartilage

The blood supply to vascular tissue is provided by: A. Media perforators B. Vasa vasorum C. Osmosis across the intima only D. Septal capillary networks E. Tunica Vasum

B. Vasa Vasorum

In a cross section of the aorta and surrounding regions, the vein that is visualized superficial to the aorta and the origins of the right and left renal arteries and deep to the superior mesenteric artery is the: A. Superior mesenteric vein B. Right renal vein C. Left renal vein D. Inferior mesenteric vein E. Celiac vein

C. Left renal vein

The Brachiocephalic vein is found: A. Only on the right side B. Only on the left side C. On both right and left sides D. There is no such vein; it is called "Innominate" E. The vein is centrally located in the cranium

C. On both right and left sides

The Common Carotid Artery divides into its external and internal branches usually at the level of the upper border of the: A. Hyoid B. Cricoid C. Thyroid cartilage D. Cricothyroid membrane E. Carina

C. Thyroid Cartilage

The arterial pulsations felt in front of the ear and just above the zygomatic arch are from which artery? A. Maxillary B. Transverse facial C. Superficial temporal D. Facial E. Occipital

C. Superficial temporal

Two of the major branches of the external carotid arteries include the: A. Supraorbital and frontal arteries B. Internal maxillary and ophthalmic arteries C. Superficial temporal and facial arteries D. Vertebral and internal maxillary arteries E. Supraorbital and middle cerebral arteries

C. Superficial temporal and facial arteries - the supraorbital, frontal, and ophthalmic arteries are all fed by the ICA

Intracranial collateral pathways of clinical significance include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Anterior communicating artery B. Posterior communicating artery C. Superficial temporal arteries D. Leptomeningeal pathways E. Rete mirable

C. Superficial temporal arteries - not an intracranial vessel

The portal vein is formed by the junction of the: A. Superior mesenteric and colic veins b. Inferior mesenteric and splenic veins C. Superior mesenteric and splenic veins D. Right and left hepatic veins E. Right and left portal veins

C. Superior mesenteric and splenic veins

The term "muscle pump" refers to: A. The ventricles of the heart B. The right atrium of the heart C. The calf muscles D. The pulmonary arteries E. The veins in the groin

C. The calf muscles - The veins and sinuses fill during relaxation; then contraction of the lower extremity muscles propels blood cephalad

What is the most common anomaly of the circle of Willis? A. Absence of one of the middle cerebral arteries B. Duplication of the posterior communicating arteries C. Hypoplasia of the proximal segment of one of the anterior cerebral arteries D. Absence or hypoplasia of one or both of the communicating arteries E. Duplication of the middle cerebral arteries

D. Absence or hypoplasia of one or both of the communicating arteries

Muscular veins of the calf that empty into the popliteal vein behind the knee are: A. Soleal sinuses B. Femoral veins C. Adductor veins D. Gastrocnemius veins E. Perforating veins

D. Gastrocnemius veins

Which of the following is not an artery in the circle of Willis? A. Anterior cerebral artery B. Middle cerebral artery C. Anterior communicating artery D. Middle communicating artery E. Posterior communicating artery

D. Middle communicating artery

The first intracranial branch of the interal carotid artery is the: A. Superficial temporal artery B. Frontal artery C. Infraorbital artery D. Ophthalmic artery E. Middle cerebral artery

D. Ophthalmic artery

Which of the following statements about venous valves is FALSE? A. They are essential to the muscle pump B. They are bicuspid C. They consist of endothelial tissue D. They allow flow only away from the heart E. They have sinuses to facilitate closure

D. They allow flow only away from the heart - valves when they are working properly allow flow only toward the heart

The angular artery is the terminal part of the: A. Supraorbital artery B. Infraorbital artery C. Superficial temporal artery D. Transverse facial artery E. Facial artery

E. Facial artery

Peripheral resistance increases with: A. Greater length, smaller diameter, and lower blood viscosity B. Greater length, larger diameter, and higher blood viscosity C. Shorter length, larger diameter, and lower blood viscosity D. Shorter length, smaller diameter, and lower blood viscosity E. Greater length, smaller diameter, and higher blood viscosity

E. Greater length, smaller diameter, and higher blood viscosity

Compared to the arteries, veins have: A. Thicker, more muscular walls B. Thicker intima C. Thicker adventitia and media D. Thinner intima E. Thinner adventitia and media

E. Thinner adventitia and media

What artery is usually the first branch of the external carotid artery? A. Inferior thyroid artery B. Superior thyroid artery C. Supraclavicular artery D. Facial artery E. Posterior auricular artery

Superior thyroid artery

The term tunica adventitia denotes: A. The inner lining of the arterial wall B. The outer lining of the arterial wall C. Transverse arterial muscle fibers D. The intimal wall E. The middle layer of the arterial wall

The outer lining of the arterial wall