DC Bio Ch. 5 TCQ

Why do you metabolic pathways require tens to hundreds of different enzymes?

each enzyme has a specific substrate and produces a specific product.

Which of these words does not belong with the rest as it relates to concentration gradient?

active transport

Which is Example of potential rather than kinetic energy?

an apple made up of energy-rich macromolecules

Osmosis includes

both the diffusion of water and a semi-permeable membrane.

Which of the following is a byproduct of photosynthesis that is used during cellular respiration?

carbon dioxide

Which of the following terms best describes entropy?

disorder

Simple diffusion across the plasma membrane is called passive transport because it

does not require energy from the cell.

What process typically regulates the enzymes in bald in metabolic reactions?

feedback inhibition

The figure below reflects how these two cells would respond in a __________ environment.

hypertonic

The second law of thermodynamics states that all energy transformations result in more disordered energy. How does this relate to energy transformation in a living organism?

The energy taken in as food is eventually convert it into heat energy

Once the substrate moves into the active site of the enzyme

The enzyme alter in shape to more closely fit the substrate.

Which of the following is best associated with a coupled reaction?

The metabolic reaction requires energy from ATP.

What is the biological risk of using salt on icy roads in parts of the country that have a cold winter season?

The salt has the risk of leeching into the ground and creating a hypertonic environment for plant cells.

The figure below represents a metabolic pathway, what happens of enzyme 2 is defective and nonfunctional?

Substrate Y would not be metabolized.

Considering the ATP cycle, which of the following would have the most potential energy to perform work for cell activities?

ATP

Identify which of the following statements is not true.

ATP is comprised of a sugar, base, and two phosphate groups.

Simple diffusion of molecules occurs

Across plasma membranes only through transport proteins.

Pickles are often preserved in a 20-30% salt solution call brine. How does this method prevent contamination by microorganisms?

Bacteria can't survive in a hypertonic solution because they lose water.

Which of the areas shown in the figure below indicates the presence of an enzyme in a limit every acted over to product?

C, the shortest line.

In the Following figure, which Cell exhibits the condition of plant cells that have been placed in a hypertonic environment?

Cell C

Which of the following is an example of osmosis?

Cells of our kidneys reabsorb water to prevent it from all leaving through our urine

When a car burns gasoline, much of the energy is in the form of heat as the car is driven. Which of the following best describes this in relation to the first law of thermodynamics?

Energy can be change from one form to another.

In the set-up shown in the figure below, which of the following statements would describe what would be observed after 12 hours of time have elapsed? 2

The level of the solution in the tube would rise because there are now more dissolved solutes in the tube than the beaker.

A patient who is admitted to the hospital shares that she has been taking a series of "water pills" to help her lose weight. Her skin and mucous membranes are dry and she is complaining of a headache. The physician on called asks for an IV treatment to be promptly administered. Based on the information given, what would likely be the type of IV solution given to this patient?

hypotonic

Energy of activation

is the energy required for molecules to react with each other.

When a cell is in a solution where the concentration of solute is the same in the cells as in the solution, the solution is called

isotonic.

Enzymes are able to speed up the rate of reaction by

lowering the energy needed for the reaction to proceed.

In the set-up shown in the figure below, which process allows the water to move across the membrane?

osmosis

The second law of thermodynamics states that all energy transformations result in more disorder energy. How can photosynthesis take more disorder carbon dioxide and water and convert them into glucose which is more ordered?

solar energy is being added to the reaction to create glucose

In the set up shown in the figure below, which of the following statements would describe the conditions observed after 12 hours of time have elapsed? 1

The tube contents will be hypertonic to the beaker contents.

Went a potted house plant is wilting, the addition of water quickly changes the look of the plant. This can be accounted for by which of the following statements:

The water creates a hypotonic environment causing the cells to gain water.

ATP releases energy when

a phosphate is removed.

The part of the enzyme into which the substrate fits is called the

active site

The concentration of calcium in a cell is 3%. The concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 1%. How could the cell obtain more calcium?

active transport

What prevents a plant cell from bursting in a hypotonic solution?

cell wall

Probable factors that affect the passage of materials across the cell membrane's include all the following except

color.

When neurons release their neurotransmitters, they release them by secretory vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane there by emptying the contents into an area that can stimulate some response. What type of cellular transfer is occurring as the best of all forms and then services on the cells plasma membrane?

exocytosis

What function do the embedded membrane proteins at "C" serve?

facilitated and active transport

Molecules move from greater lesser concentration do a transport protein in

facilitated diffusion

A white blood cells surrounds and engulfs a worn-out Red blood cells, forming a vesicle around the red blood cell. This process is called

phagocytosis

The opposite of a turgid plant cell is a

plasmolyzed plant cell.

Which of the following and it was a sale to pick up in class and treat a specific type of molecule?

receptor-mediated endocytosis

The second law of thermodynamics states that all energy transformations result in more disordered energy. How do living organisms, which depend on chemical potential converting to kinetic energy to fuel their function, continue to live?

they must constantly take in chemical potential Energy for fuel and excrete waste

In feedback inhibition of a metabolic pathway, where does the inhibitor bind?

to the enzyme of the first reaction