Defensive Driving
the rule of thumb for following distance
1 car length for each 10 mph of speed
a motorist should look ahead at least
12 seconds ahead
how long will windows and doors closed float
3 to 10 minutes
put another warning device at least ___ feet back
300
what speed does hydroplaning start
35 mph
drive with headlights on at dusk, night, dawn, on dark days and whenever weather conditions reduce visibility to less than
500 feet
good rule on snow-covered roads is to maintain a following distance of
6 seconds or more
annually, there are nearly ___ fatal and over _____ serious injury crashes in work zones
800, 37,000
amount of driving decisions based upon what a motorist sees while driving
90%
scientists have developed this to help drivers maintain control of their vehicles
Anti-lock braking system
The Standard Collision-Prevention Formula
Be alert, be prepared, act in time
If a gas pedal sticks, the motorist should keep his/her eyes on the road while quickly shifting to neutral
Gas Pedal Problems
these headlights means driving at a speed that makes your stopping distance longer than the distance lighted by your headlights
Overdriving
should be used while holding the brake release so motorist can let up if the rear wheels lock and the vehicle begins to skid
Parking Brake
The motorist should keep a firm grip on the wheel because extra hand power will be needed to turn or keep control
Power Steering Failure
when your vehicle is stuck in deep snow, mud, or sand, you can usually loosen the wheels by
Rocking the Vehicle
Anytime your visibility is reduced, you need more _____ to use the IPDE process
Time and Space
Hold steering wheel firmly and keep the vehicle straight while gradually slowing down
Tire Blowout
a driver must reduce speed and adjust to changing conditions in
adverse weather
rear collision: if the vehicle is about to be hit from the rear, the motorist must be ready to
apply the brakes to avoid being pushed into a vehicle ahead
rear collision: motorist should brace his/her body
between the steering wheel and the seat back
get passengers out and away from the vehicle, never attempt to put it out
car fires
what should motorist do to pull the vehicle to a safe area
center line and lane markings
the technique of applying your brakes to slow or stop quickly without locking your wheels
controlled braking
Motorists must always stop for pedestrians in a ____; whether marked or umarked
crosswalk
during night, driver more slowly than during
daytime
Motorists may encounter a ____ onto another roadway to bypass the work area
detour
NJ, traffic signs are ____ for motor vehicle violations committed in the area if roadway construction zones
doubled
a motorist should always be aware of what to do in
emergency situations
When road surfaces are most slippery
first few minutes of rainfall
day or night, put a ___ or other warning sign just behind the vehicle
flare
if hitting something is unavoidably try to make it a
glancing blow
bright sunlight in the early morning or late afternoon can create ___ problems for you and other drivers
glare
use in snow, heavy, rain, or fog causes more light to reflect back into your eyes and you will see less
high beam headlights
vehicle tires riding on the surface of the water rather than gripping the road
hydroplaning
the motorist should turn away from oncoming traffic even if it means leaving the road
if a collision looks possible
Stop the vehicle, remain calm, assume the worst and get help, wait at scene , ask for assistance from passing motorists, warn oncoming traffic
if motorist witnesses a collision or is involved in one
the motorist can put maximum pressure on the brakes and retain steering control
if the vehicle has anti-lock brakes
slow down, regain control, turn slowly onto the road
if vehicle runs off the pavement
requires motorist to notify the police of accidents where there is
injury, death, or vehicle or property damage
though some people may assume it is safer to go slower than other vehicles, it it actually important to
keep up with the flow of traffic
motorists should be cautious when traveling in farm country or in open land where ________ may cross the road
livestock or deer
what to do when a lane change must be made
look at rear view mirror, glance behind to check blind spots, signal lane changes
to protect yourself when driving just before sunrise an after sunset, turn on
low beam headlights
makes it illegal to knowingly drive a vehicle while impaired by a lack of sleep
maggie's law
exceeding the posted speed limit or driving too fast for road conditions is one of the
most prevalent factors contributing to traffic collisions
whos responsible for any ice that flies from his/her vehicle and causes death, injury, or property damage
motorist
if the vehicle's hood suddenly flies up
motorist should slow down immediately
Basic rule for motorists to follow when operating a vehicle with a steering wheel ignition system is to
never turn the ignition to the lock position when the vehicle is in motion
not only do you see less at ___, but you are tired and some other drivers may have been drinking
night
In Nj motorists may use studded snow tires between
november 15th and April 1st
Head on collision: use his/her arms and hands to ___if wearing a shoulder strap and the vehicle is equipped with airbags
protect his/her face
if the vehicle has conventional disc and drum brakes, what do you do to gain better control in steering
pump the brakes
a vehicle may spin if the steering wheel is
quickly turned away from the direction of the skid
roads affect more drivers than any other reduced-traction condition
rain slick
examples of warning signals
raise the hood, tie white handkerchief to antenna or left door handle
Utilize this when attempting to change lanes
rear and side view mirrors
to avoid a spin, the motorist should turn in the direction the ___ is skidding without ____
rear, oversteering
allow for more ____ than you would during daylight
safety margins
Sudden, hard braking and accelerating can produce
skid
what should a motorist should choose to hit
something that will give way rather than something hard
factors to consider while driving at night
speed, reaction distance, braking distance
Side collision: keep tight grip on ____ to keep him/her from being thrown against the side of the vehicle
steering wheel
ways to avoid collisions
stop quickly, turn quickly, or speed up
following too closely behind a vehicle directly in front
tailgating
since most people have trouble judging distance, this is also determined safe and easier to use
three seconds plus rule
Head on collision not equipped with shoulder strap or air bags: motorist should____ to keep from hitting the steering wheel or windshield
throw himself across the seat
best traction on ice and in hard-packed or deep snow
tire chains
provide no steering control
tire chains
Drivers should always yield
to the right of way
if a motorist cannot stop in time, he/she should
turn away and drive off the road
watch for ______ intersections where there are no lights or signs
uncontrolled
two major points in escape and self-rescue of car underwater
wear seat belt, open window
accelerates too quickly, turns too fast, brakes improperly
what causes vehicle to skid
road signs, slow moving or unlit vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, and animals
what to look out for at night
send written report to the MVC within 10 days if no police report is filed by police, notify insurance company at once, see doctor if needed
when damage to property is more than $500 or there is personal injury