Dep2004 Ch 7 Practice Questions
Selective attention is heavily influenced by social play and improves markedly around the age of:
7
At Devon's recent checkup, his doctor told him that he is obese. Devon's BMI is MOST likely in the _____ percentile.
97th percentile
A federal project measuring achievement in reading, mathematics, and other subjects is the:
National Assessment of Educational Progress
According to _____, the stage of thinking that is characteristic of middle childhood is the concrete operational stage.
Piaget
The psychologist _____ stressed the child's own discovery of concepts.
Piaget
Nanci is given grapes and strawberries. When asked whether she has more grapes or fruit, she responds, "I have more fruits." Nanci is using the logical concept of:
classification
Piaget's term for the ability to reason logically about direct experiences and perceptions is called _____ operational thought.
concrete
According to Jean Piaget, the stage of thinking that is characteristic of middle childhood is the _____ stage. Please type the correct answer in the following input field, and then select the submit answer button or press the enter key when finished.
concrete operational
Piaget's term for the ability to reason logically about direct experiences is _____ thought.
concrete operational
According to Piaget, the stage of thinking that is characteristic of middle childhood is the:
concrete operational thinking
When Piaget referred to concrete operations, he meant logic applied in situations that:
deal with visible, tangible, and real things.
Leslie's disability changes year by year. This is one of the lessons of _____ psychopathology that applies to all children.
developmental
Maggie is 9 years old and is considered _____ according to her BMI because she is above the 85th percentile for children in her age range.
overweight
Dominic's parents decide that he would be best educated by the Catholic Church. Which type of school will he be attending?
parochial school
Vygotsky was known for emphasizing the social context of learning and believed that what and how students learn is determined primarily by:
their culture
Metacognition is:
thinking about thinking
Brittney is 7 years old and is _____, which means that she is among the 18 percent of U.S. children her age with a BMI above the 95th percentile.
obese
Roger is 10. He plays competitive lacrosse. This means that he probably will NOT experience:
obesity
Many children with autism spectrum disorder take vitamin supplements and:
on other medication
Charter schools are funded and licensed by:
States and local districts
Which theorist(s) proposed three distinct types of intelligence?
Sternberg
Shelby is 10 years old and is physically active. According to the World Health Organization, how much physical activity does Shelby need daily for a healthy lifestyle?
1 hour
he percentage of 3- to 21-year-olds officially designated as having special needs in the United States was:
10 percent on 1980 and 13 percent in 2011 (book says 2012)
Hoshi is 8. Based on information provided in the textbook, one can predict that she will be about _____ inch(es) taller when she is 9.
2
In a 2007 United States survey approximately _____ percent of children were identified as home-schooled.
3 percent
Hannah is teaching her young son Cade the alphabet. When Hannah points to a letter carved in relief on the side of a wooden block, Cade confidently identifies the letter correctly as a "B." Cade is MOST likely about _____ years old.
4
Demonte's parents have decided that they want him to be in a small, structured school with few children who have special needs. Which school would they be MOST likely to consider?
A charter school
Fatima seems to zone out during her third-grade class, pokes her neighbors, and yells and blames others if her pencil lead breaks. She MOST likely has a diagnosis of:
ADHD
The condition with which a child has great difficulty concentrating and is overactive and impulsive is known as:
ADHD
Bridgette's family survives on a very low income. Given the information you have read regarding correlates related to family socioeconomic status, which of the following is MOST likely TRUE of Bridgette's family?
Bridget rarely are breakfast
In the United States many parochial or private schools were traditionally founded by _____, but this trend has changed.
Catholic groups
Which of the following is TRUE about child language development by the age of 6?
Children at this age can explain ideas with complex sentences
Which lesson of developmental psychopathology applies to all children?
Disability changes year by year
Some children in the United States are classified as _____ based on their proficiency in English.
ELL
Glenda does not speak English and is placed in a class with intensive English instruction. This type of class is called:
ESL
_____ originally described seven intelligences in 1983: linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic (movement), interpersonal (social understanding), and intrapersonal (self-understanding).
Gardner
Which ethnic group is MOST likely to experience childhood obesity?
Hispanic Americans
A document that specifies educational goals and plans for a child with special needs is referred to as a(n):
IEP
_____ measure(s) the potential to learn or master a particular skill or body of knowledge.
IQ Test
Which statement about IQ tests is TRUE?
IQ tests predict school achievement.
Decades of research throughout the world has found a strong correlation between academic achievement and:
SES Socioeconomic status
The ability to concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring others is:
Selective attention
In 2015 which country had one of the highest TIMSS achievement scores?
Singapore
Neuroscientists agree with all of the following EXCEPT:
The brain is fixed at age 12
Children are classified as having an intellectual disability if:
They have IQ scores below 70
Both psychologists and neuroscientists would agree with all of these statements regarding brain scans and intelligence EXCEPT:
a thicker cortex is related to higher intellectual functioning
The potential to master a skill or learn a body of knowledge is:
aptitude
Many studies have found a connection between academic success and socioeconomic background, such that children growing up in low-socioeconomic status families:
are behind their peers from higher-SES families in language skills, reading, and other subjects.
Infants who are not breast-fed:
are more likely to be obese
Coughing, chest tightness, wheezing, and limited breath are signs of which chronic disease that is a narrowing of the airway?
asthma
Selective _____ underlies all of the abilities that gradually mature during the school years, such as taking notes on important material.
attention
A condition in which a child has great difficulty concentrating and is overactive and impulsive is:
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
If Juan's parents send him to a charter school instead of a public school to enhance his learning, they may be doing it for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that the: - charter schools have control over admission - teachers work longer in charter schools -charter schools size is smaller - charter school population is more stable
charter school population is more stable
Which statement about asthma is TRUE?
childhood continues into adulthood half the time
The law that states children must be educated in the least restrictive environment means that:
children with special needs must be assigned to the most general education context in which they can be expected to learn.
An experimenter shows 7-year-old Aaron four stuffed bears and two stuffed cats. The experimenter asks, "Are there more bears or more animals?" Aaron exclaims, "Bears!" Aaron has not mastered the logical concept of:
classification
By age 8, most children realize that while irises and geraniums are different types of flowers, they are both flowers. In other words, 8-year-old children have mastered the logical ability of: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
classification
According to Piaget, a child between the ages of 6 and 11 can comprehend:
how a caterpillar can change into a butterfly
Currently, Mercedes attends a(n) _____ school through the use of a voucher. However, the family is moving to a state in which vouchers are illegal. After the move, Mercedes will attend a public school.
either private or parochial
Eight-year-old Randy has behavioral difficulty in school and is overly aggressive with the other children. His parents seem to ignore his problems and blame the school and the other children. His parents are convinced that Randy has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. When they take him to a child psychiatrist, the psychiatrist is reluctant to give the diagnosis after observing the unhealthy interactions between the family members and between the parents. The psychiatrist's reluctance to give this diagnosis is based on the _____ related to the cause and diagnosis.
equifinality
Studies have revealed that the age of mastery of a second language for a child is key in their development, as the younger the child is, the faster they learn a new language. If a 9-year-old Hispanic boy is identified as an English Language Learner (ELL) in an immersion-based classroom, this young boy will MOST likely:
fall further behind his non-ELL peers academically with each passing year
Melissa has an IQ score of 135. According to the distribution of IQ scores, Melissa's IQ falls into what category?
gifted
Most fatal childhood diseases
happen during adolescence
In childhood, obesity is defined as:
having a BMI above the 95th percentile of children the same age
Research suggests that childhood obesity is caused by parenting practices and:
heredity
The implicit values, assumptions, and priorities that influence a child's learning in a school environment are referred to as the:
hidden curriculum
Childhood medication for ADHD is thought to:
increase risk of adolescent drug use
Gilles is doing research that compares how people and computers receive and process large amounts of information. This reflects the _____ perspective, which compares human thinking processes to computers.
information-processing theory
The use of mental processes to search for information, analyze it, and then express the analysis of the information describes:
information-processing theory
Kyana is an excellent salesperson because she can always find a way of connecting with a potential
interpersonal
Various studies have called into question the quality of home schooling and charter schools. The issue with comparing and evaluating home schooling, charter schools, and voucher situations is that:
it is difficult because there isn't agreement on what is the "best education" nor how to measure it.
The TIMSS assesses _____, and the PIRLS assesses _____.
math and science abilities of fourth- and eighth-graders; reading ability of fourth-graders
Thinking about thinking is called:
metacognition
Some jokes may not be understood by younger children and are no longer found funny by teenagers. In middle childhood, however, understanding and appreciating such jokes is evidence of normally developing cognitive flexibility and social awareness. If a child does not "get" a joke, the lack of _____ understanding, even when a child has a large vocabulary, signifies cognitive problems.
metaphorical
During which developmental stage is the death rate the LOWEST?
middle childhood
A significant contribution of Piaget's cognition theory is that he realized that school-age children become:
more systematic and objective
Middle childhood is the healthiest period of the life span because:
motor skills are developed, so accidents are rare.
Shawn is an 8-month-old infant who was just startled, causing a flood of stress hormones which could result in Shawn being easily angered, quick to cry, or hypervigilant. This is an example of which principle?
multifinality
_____ is a basic principle of developmental psychopathology that holds that one cause can have many final manifestations.
multifinality
What contributes to a child's quicker reaction time?
myelination
International studies of mathematics education have found that:
nations introduce mathematics concepts at different ages.
Three factors facilitate increases in the knowledge base—past experience, current opportunity, and:
personal motivation
Many children use codes in their text messages (LOL, :( , 411). The use of these codes in this context indicates that the child understands:
pragmatics
Ricard, a sixth-grader, uses codes such as LOL, TTYL, and 411 in his text messages. The use of these codes in this context indicates that Ricard understands:
pragmatics
Jessica is 10 years old. She can MOST likely do each of the following EXCEPT: -understand simple fractions - understand complex punctuation - perform arithmetic on multidigital numbers - read 100 words per minute
read 100 words per minute
Barb is 8 years old and just starting 3rd grade. Her older sister is trying to prepare her for her new class and teacher. Barb's sister said she should be able to do all of the following in her reading class EXCEPT:
read polysyllabic words
Some suggest that child psychopathology is now overdiagnosed, probably due to:
the new criteria in the DSM-5
An educational strategy developed in the United States aimed at helping children who demonstrate below-average achievement in early grades is referred to as:
response to intervention
Which of these underlies the ability to simultaneously listen, take notes, and ignore distractions?
selective attention
_______ refers to the ability to concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring other stimuli.
selective attention
Maya is 5 years old. She can count to 50, but she cannot correctly estimate where 25 would be placed on a number line that starts at 0 and ends at 50. This means that Maya is having problems with:
seriation
Six-year-old Juan can count to 100, but he cannot correctly estimate where 22 is placed on a number line that starts at 0 and ends at 100. This means that Juan is having difficulty with:
seriation
According to the DSM-5, in order for ADHD to be diagnosed,:
several symptoms have to begin before age 12.
Etta is taking an intelligence test based on Gardner's multiple intelligences theory. How is Etta's performance likely to be scored?
she will receive a score for each of the nine types of intelligence
It is important to recognize the differences in approach for Piaget and Vygotsky. Piaget's theory of development focused on _____, whereas Vygotsky's approach highlighted _____.
stage of development; direct instruction from teachers and mentors
Most social scientists consider the data gathered from international achievement tests valid because:
test items are designed to be challenging but fair and culture free with respect to student diversity.
Most nations have exhibited substantial increases in IQ scores during the past century. This phenomenon is called the:
the Flynn effect
The use of cognition to search for information, analyze it, and then express the analysis of information is:
the information processing perspective
Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky differed over the most important factors in a child's cognitive development. In general, Piaget described _____; Vygotsky noted _____.
universal changes; cultural impact
Low SES is related to which factor associated with low academic achievement in children?
use simplified vocabulary and simplified grammar.
International research indicates that math instruction:
varies by nation
Which of these competes with outdoor play for children?
videogames
Every nation in the world desires to improve education because longitudinal data has shown that:
when achievement rises, the national economy improves as well.
