design and control of concrete mixtures
actual size of a cmu
-3/8"
unit ties
1. rectangular anchors used in cavity wall construction (add picture) 2. Z ties may be used in concrete block wall construction 3. Corrugated tie used to anchor brick veneer facing walls to studs
masonry glass block joints
1/4" all sides
Mortar should be discarded x after mixing
2 ½ hours
The most common air space for a cavity wall is
2"
air entrainment in concrete is _ to _ percent
5-8
All reinforcing rods or bars used in masonry walls must have
5/8 of an inch mortar coverage
When sandblasting a masonry wall the pressure should be x
60-100 psf
solid masonry units
75% or more solid
CMU weighs and measures
8"x8"x16" CMU weights 40 pounds
concrete will continue to cure at a relative humidity above __
80%
___ is used to cut brick when the cut edge will be hidden by the mortar
A brick hammer
x also known as y is used to insure the height of each course of block or brick
A corner pole also known as a story pole
a full mortar bed is used to
A full mortar bed is used to ensure a good bond between the footing and the bed course
a x is used to connect a partition wall to a bearing wall.
A strap anchor is used to connect a partition wall to a bearing wall.
A _____ is the best method for placing concrete underwater
A tremie is the best method for placing concrete underwater
Acceptable slumps for concrete placed with a mechanical paver are _" to _" range
Acceptable slumps for concrete placed with a mechanical paver are 1" to 3" range
As concrete temperature x there is a loss in slump. High concrete temperature will also x the strength
As concrete temperature increases there is a loss in slump. High concrete temperature will also lower the strength
x is the most significant property of hardened mortar, but it is also the most difficult to predict
Bond strength is the most significant property of hardened mortar, but it is also the most difficult to predict
units with a glaze fused to the body. These units are used as a facing brick
Ceramic galzed brick and glazed brick single fired
are bricks and tiles made specifically for locations where chemicals and acids are present.
Chemical resistant masonry units:
Concrete joints Isolation joints permit x . Isolation joint material of x is commonly used. x provide for movement in the place of a slab or wall.
Concrete joints Isolation joints permit both horizontal and vertical movements. Isolation joint material of ½ is commonly used. Contraction joints provide for movement in the place of a slab or wall. Induced controlled cracking at preselected locations
Concrete test cylinders must be placed on x
Concrete test cylinders must be placed on a smooth level rigid surface and filled carefully to avoid distortion of their shape.
x are stopping places in the process of construction
Contraction joints are stopping places in the process of construction
Control joints should be sealed with x after y to z
Control joints should be sealed with caulking compound after the mortar has been raked out to a depth of ¾ inch
residential veneer construction to anchor the veneer to frame or masonry backing
Corrugated metal ties
efflorescence
Effloresccence on masonry walls is caused by soluble salts in wet brick being carried to the surface as water evaporates
exposed aggregate thickness
Exposed aggregate should be at least 3/8 to ½ inch
: intended for use in the lining of fireboxes in residential fireplaces
Firebox brick residential fireplaces
x tile has a high degree of mechanical perfection
Ftx unglazed facing tile has a high degree of mechanical perfection
to clean brick, use
HCl acid, hydrochloric acid
hydrated lime
Hydrated lime is a quicklime that has been slaked before packaging. Slaked means the quicklime has been formed into a putty by combining it with water
Lightweight concrete will slump x. A lightweight air entrained mixture should be x or x" slump. Max slump for lightweight is x inches
Lightweight concrete will slump less. A lightweight air entrained mixture should be 2" or 3" slump. Max slump for lightweight is 5 inches
x is an excellent sill material. The fact that it is one piece ensures better protection against water leakage
Limestone is an excellent sill material. The fact that it is one piece ensures better protection against water leakage
modular unit
Modular unit: based on a measurement of 4" it could include a measurement of 2" (one half o the modular ) or 8" twice the module
retempering mortar
Mortar may be retempered by adding water to make it more workable.
Normal acceptable range of slumps are blank to blank
Normal acceptable range of slumps are 2" to 4"
intended for use as a paving material to support pedestrian and light vehicular traffic
Pedestrian and light traffic paving brick:
Portland cements with __ ____ contents that range from x-x% have been found to provide satisfactory protection against _ as well as x
Portland cements with tricalcium aluminate contents that range from 4-10% have been found to provide satisfactory protection against seawater sulfate attack, as well as protection against reinforcement corrosion by chlorides
Portland cements with tricalcium aluminate contents that range from 4-10% have been found to provide satisfactory protection against seawater sulfate attack, as well as protection against reinforcement corrosion by chlorides
Portland cements with tricalcium aluminate contents that range from 4-10% have been found to provide satisfactory protection against seawater sulfate attack, as well as protection against reinforcement corrosion by chlorides
Position blocks in a wall with the x on x to provide x for x
Position blocks in a wall with the wide flange on the top to provide a wider space for the bed joint
Ready mixed concrete: the time between batching and complete discharge of the concrete at the jobsite is __ hours or __ revolutions
Ready mixed concrete: the time between batching and complete discharge of the concrete at the jobsite is 1 ½ hours or 300 revolutions of the dum
Screeding
Screeding is the process of cutting off excess concrete to bring the top surface of a slab to proper grade
basic mortar ingredients
The basic mortar ingredients include Portland cement, hydrated lime, and sand
two core block vs 3 core block
The two core block is typically stronger than a three core block.
two core block used when
The two core block is used when reinforcing bars must align in the core holes.
To place fresh concrete over hardened concrete.
To place fresh concrete over hardened concrete. The hardened concrete must be clean, sound and reasonably rough with some coarse aggregate particles exposed
Type M mortar is used for
Type M mortar is used for unreinforced masonry below grade and in contact with the earth. Such structures include foudnations, retaining walls, walks sewers and manholes
With lightweight concrete, finishing operations should be started x than normal concrete
With lightweight concrete, finishing operations should be started earlier than normal concrete
A x" diameter bar is usually used for
a 3/8" concave mortar joint
a plasticizer is also known as ____ and does x
a plasticizer is also known as a super plastiizer it will help concrete flow
___dramatically improves the durability of concrete exposed to cycles of freezing and thawing and ___
air entrainment dramatically improves the durability of concrete exposed to cycles of freezing and thawing and deicer chemicals
algae water and concrete
algae water is unsuitable for concrete
Flemish bond
alternates courses of stretchers and headers. The headers in alternate coursea re centered over the stretchers in the course between them.
brick panels
are a combination of thin brick, reinforecement, insulation and concrete.
x brick are used chiefly as structural material where durability and strength are more important than appearance
building brick: building brick or common brick
most common material in used in set accelerating admixtures
calcium chloride
what causes high early strength in cement type ___
cement type 3 is ground finer, to cause high early strength. good for compression
most popular mortar joint
concave. Rain resistant
running bond
consists of all stretchers and is used largely in cavity wall and veneer construction
nw brick
designe to be used as a backup on interior masonry
concrete using fly ash...
exibits less bleeding and segregation than plain concrete
hollow brick
facing brick with larger core area
what is the most widely used cemenous in concrete
fly ash
sw brick
frost resistant
brick durability is affected by
heat, wetting, drying and soluable salts
intended for heavy traffic and equipment applications
heavy vehicular paving brick
Portland cement style 3
high early strength compression use
Portland cement style 5
high sulfate resistance
You place wall ties
in the mortar 5/8 of an inch from either edge of the masonry unit
the impact resistance and abrasion resistance can be increased by
increasing the compressive strength
English bond
is masde up of alternate courses of headers and stretchers. The headers are centered on the stretchers and joints between strechers in all courses are aligned vertically
Lightweight concrete is made with
lightweight aggregates
Portland cement style 4
low heat of hydration large gravity dam
A trig is used to
make sure that the mason's line does not sag. Hold a mason's line 1/16" away from the block or brick
Portland cement style 2
moderate sulfate resistance
Portland cement style 1
normal, good for most work
An expansion joint on the x must be spaced no father than
outside wythe, 50 ft apart
With lightweight concrete some of the more absorptive aggregate may require x before use
prewetting
Block or stack bond
purely a pattern bond.. all vertical joints are aligned. There is no overalapping of units. The block or the stack bond is the weakest bond.
Curtain walls are
self supported (non-bearing
intended for use in drainage structures for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water
sewer and manhole brick
what is used in high strength concrete
silica fume
non-modular unit:
size vary due to regions
a x is used to finish a mortar joint
sled runner jointer
mw brick
slightly frost resistant, appropriate where there's not much water permeability
____ is most generally accepted method used to measure the consistency of concrete
slump test
what retards the setting of cement
sugar. small amounts of sucrose as little as .03 percent usually
three grades of building brick
sw, mw, nw
The compressive strength of mortar increases as
the cement content is increased
thin brick veneer units
thin brick veneer units are fired clay units with normal face dimension but a reduced thickness
Parge the wall from the footing
to 6" above the finish grade line
A full mortar bed is furrowed with a x.
trowel
what cement is good for contact wik groundwater
type II
Type s mortar is recommended for
unreinforced mansonry where maximum flexural bending strength is required. When wind speeds exceep 80 mps type s mortar is used
to increase corrosion and acid resitance in concrete
use calcareous aggregate
facing brick
used on exposed surfaces where appearance is important
metakaolin
used where very low permeability or very high strength
Common bond or American bond
variation of the running bond. Course of full length headers at regular intervals and generally every fifth to seventh course, to provide structural boding as well as pattern
water to cementitious ratio. The compressive strength of concrete _____ indirectly wik the water to cement ratio
water to cementitious ration. The compressive strength of concrete increases indirectly wik the water to cement ratio
