Dev. Psych Ch7: Middle Childhood Body&Mind Quiz

At what age can the typical child add, subtract, multiply, and divide multidigit numbers? 10 7 9 8

10

The percentage of 3- to 21-year-olds officially designated as having special needs in the United States was: 8 percent in 1980 and 5 percent in 2011. 13 percent in 1980 and 8 percent in 2011. 15 percent in 1980 and 20 percent in 2011. 10 percent in 1980 and 13 percent in 2011.

10% in 1980, 13% in 2011

In a 2007 United States survey approximately _____ percent of children were identified as home-schooled. 3 percent 2 percent 1 percent 6 percent

3%

The arrangement in which children who do not speak English are placed together and given an intensive course in basic English so that they can be educated in the same classroom as native English speakers is called: English-language learner (ELL) instruction. bilingual education. total immersion. English as a second language (ESL) instruction.

English as a second language (ESL) instruction.

A federal project measuring achievement in reading, mathematics, and other subjects is the: National Assessment of Educational Progress. State's Report Card. Academic Skills Assessment. Scholastic Achievement Test.

National Assessment of Educational Progress

Which child is MOST likely to be diagnosed with asthma? Aaron, an Asian American boy Rick, an African American boy Penny, a European American girl Juan, a Hispanic American boy

Rick, an African American boy

In 2015 which country had one of the highest TIMSS achievement scores? Singapore Germany Netherlands United States

Singapore

What did a typical child encounter 60 years ago regarding the quality of life and health care? There were fewer cases of chronic illnesses such as asthma. There were rare instances of the common cold. Childhood surgery was common. There was more exposure to environmental toxins

There were fewer cases of chronic illnesses such as asthma.

Which statement regarding hubs is TRUE? They are central to the prefrontal cortex. They cannot be damaged. They are located near the parietal lobe. They are areas of the brain where massive numbers of axons meet.

They are areas of the brain where massive numbers of axons meet.

Both psychologists and neuroscientists would agree with all of these statements regarding brain scans and intelligence EXCEPT: a thicker cortex is related to higher intellectual functioning. dendrites form and myelination changes throughout life. brain development depends on experiences. children with disorders often have unusual brain patterns.

a thicker cortex is related to higher intellectual functioning.

The developmental psychopathology perspective assumes that: diagnosis depends on socioeconomic status. abnormality is normal. disability remains the same over time. adulthood should be better.

abnornamilty is normal

Typically brain scans are considered not reliable and not _____ for measuring aptitude or IQ in childhood. informative accurate valid helpful

accurate

Vygotsky believed that children learn from their: teachers. All of these are correct. peers. culture.

all of these

Many studies have found a connection between academic success and socioeconomic background, such that children growing up in low-socioeconomic status families: are behind their peers from higher-SES families in talking and at the same level as their peers in reading and other subjects. are behind their peers from higher-SES families in language skills, reading, and other subjects. are behind their peers from higher-SES families in reading and at the same level as their peers in all other subjects. are at the same level as their peers from higher-SES families in talking, reading, and other subjects.

are behind their peers from higher-SES families in language skills, reading, and other subjects.

MOST people have an IQ that is considered: average. gifted. slow learner. superior.

average

The strategy in which school subjects are taught in both the learner's original language and the second (majority) language is called: bilingual education. total immersion. English as a second language (ESL) instruction. English-language learner (ELL) instruction.

bilingual education

In MOST nations, matters regarding public education—including curriculum, funding, and teacher training—are set by the: central government. teachers. students. parents.

central government

Research focused on the hygiene hypothesis has confirmed all of the following EXCEPT that: first-born children develop asthma more often than later-born children. asthma and allergies are less common among farm-dwelling children. children born by cesarean delivery have a greater likelihood of experiencing asthma. children born by via home birth have a greater likelihood of experiencing allergies.

children born by via home birth have a greater likelihood of experiencing allergies.

Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by: subtle mood swings. communication problems and insensitivity to others' emotions. people who enjoy cold weather. outside circumstances.

communication problems and insensitivity to others' emotions

According to Piaget, the stage of thinking that is characteristic of middle childhood is the: formal operational stage. concrete operational stage. logical operational stage information processing stage.

concrete operational stage

Neuroscientists agree that brain development: continues throughout life and depends on a person's specific experiences. does not continue throughout life and does not depend on a person's specific experiences. stops at puberty. is not affected by personal experiences.

continues throughout life and depends on a person's specific experiences.

Selective attention, metacognition, and emotional regulation are all examples of: knowledge base. classification. information processing. control processes.

control processes

Which factor facilitates increases in knowledge base? parent preference peer influence current opportunity future goals

current opportunity

In childhood, obesity is defined as: having a BMI above the 95th percentile of children the same age. having a BMI between 25 and 29. having a BMI above the 85th percentile of children the same age. weighing more than 50 percent of what your peers weigh.

having a BMI above the 95th percentile of children the same age

Childhood issues with being overweight correlate with: the height of siblings. seasonal allergies childhood height. high blood pressure.

high blood pressure

The rate of autism spectrum disorder is: remaining steady. slowly decreasing .greatly decreasing .increasing.

increasing

Which type of intelligence was identified by Howard Gardner? intrapersonal emotional cultural religious

interpersonal

Various studies have called into question the quality of home schooling and charter schools. The issue with comparing and evaluating home schooling, charter schools, and voucher situations is that: home-school programs are the most popular among families, while charter schools are the least popular among families. it is easier to do in countries other than the United States because there is ample unbiased literature available. these programs work together in unison. it is difficult because there isn't agreement on what is the "best education" nor how to measure it.

it is difficult because there isn't agreement on what is the "best education" nor how to measure it.

In the United States, how many children under age 11 studied a language other than English in school? 20 percent 13 percent 10 percent less than 5 percent

less than 5%

In the United States, the majority of funds and guidelines for public education are provided by: the Parent Teacher Association (PTA). local districts. the National Education Association (NEA). the federal government in Washington, D.C.

local districts

The TIMSS assesses _____, and the PIRLS assesses _____. math and science abilities of fourth- and eighth-graders; reading ability of fourth-graders math and social studies abilities of fourth-graders; reading ability of sixth-graders math abilities of fifth-graders; language skills of fifth-graders science abilities of fourth-graders; phonics and language skills of eighth-graders

math and science abilities of fourth- and eighth-graders; reading ability of fourth-graders

Sherry is 8 years of age. What developmental time period is she currently in? adolescence early childhood late childhood middle childhood

middle childhood

International studies of mathematics education have found that: U.S. teachers present math at a higher level than do their German and Japanese counterparts. Japanese teachers shun the use of social interaction and sequential curricula .nations introduce mathematics concepts at different ages. Japanese teachers show little enthusiasm for working collaboratively.

nations introduce mathematics concepts at different ages.

A vast number of treatments have been used to help children with autism spectrum disorder, and: none of them have been completely successful .the most successful is providing children with a gluten-free diet. all of them are approved by the federal government. all of them are completely successful.

none of them have been completely successful.

Control processes develop as a result of the maturation of the _____ which allows the child to organize, prioritize, and direct mental operations. corpus callosum hindbrain limbic system prefrontal cortex

prefrontal cortex

Barb is 8 years old and just starting 3rd grade. Her older sister is trying to prepare her for her new class and teacher. Barb's sister said she should be able to do all of the following in her reading class EXCEPT: read polysyllabic words. read simple sentence out loud. comprehend what is read. understand basic punctuation.

read polysyllabic words.

The statement that growth slows down during middle childhood: is inaccurate. applies to a reduction in the new motor skills added each year. applies to girls but not to boys. refers to a decrease in the rate of physical growth

refers to a decrease in the rate of physical growth

Reaction time: refers to the time it takes to respond either cognitively or physically to a stimulus. increases as a result of automatization. decreases as a result of advances in self-control. is the ability to concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring others.

refers to the time it takes to respond either cognitively or physically to a stimulus.increases as a result of

The ability for a child to multiply 5 x 3 = 15 and to understand that 15/5 = 3 is a concrete operational skill referred to as: identity. reversibility. seriation. conservation.

reversibility

Which of these underlies the ability to simultaneously listen, take notes, and ignore distractions? automatization selective attention reaction time attention deficits

selective attention

Many children with an autism spectrum disorder are on medication and: take vitamin supplements .have little difficulty with social situations. free of allergies. make frequent eye contact with others.

take vitamin supplements

Most social scientists consider the data gathered from international achievement tests valid because: sample selection is very large, which affects the content validity .scores are predictable according to what is taught. test items are designed to be challenging but fair and culture-free with respect to student diversity. scores are even from nation to nation.

test items are designed to be challenging but fair and culture-free with respect to student diversity

According to the "hygiene hypothesis": cleaning materials irritate the lungs and leave children vulnerable to asthma and other respiratory conditions. obesity is a consequence of treating foods with steroids to ensure that they are safe the immune system needs to tangle with microbes when we are young. poor hygiene is the cause of asthma.

the immune system needs to tangle with microbes when we are young.

Marisol has learned to speak formally with adults and informally (using slang) with her friends. She has learned: linguistic adjustment. metacognition of speech. the pragmatics of language. communicative flexibility.

the pragmatics of language

_____ would be a visual and structural representation of a school's hidden curriculum. Federal achievement tests Advertisements for college prep courses High school murals of their mascots The school's physical setting

the school's physical setting

Vygotsky was known for emphasizing the social context of learning and believed that what and how students learn is determined primarily by: ideas from CEOs of major corporations. the United Nations .their culture. the World Education Act (WEA).

their culture

International research indicates that math instruction: involves rote memory. varies by nation. involves memorizing math facts, rules, and processes. is active and engaging.

varies by nation

Which of these competes with outdoor play for children? organized sports season changes playgrounds video games

video games