DHN Quiz 2

A group of scientists conducts a scientific study to investigate dietary factors that influence the development of breast cancer. Which of the following is NOT likely to be a component of their research efforts?

Posting findings at the main researchers personal website

A popular podcast includes interviews with "experts" on topics related to sports nutrition. If the podcast expert has the credentials ______, after his or her name, the expert is likely to be reliable source of nutrition information.

RDN

The first step in the scientific method is to

make observations that generate questions

The professional football star Andro "The Man" McGraw claims the dietary supplement AminoProFix helped him build muscle mass quickly and safely. His endorsement of the product is an example of ______

A testimonial

According to the observations of a nutrition scientist, laboratory mice are healthier when their diet contains physiological levels of vitamin D than when their diet lacks the micronutrient. The scientist hypothesizes that mice will be less likely to develop cancer when they consume a diet that supplies megadoses of vitamin D. Based on this information, the scientist is ready to

Conduct a controlled laboratory experiment to test the vitamin D and cancer hypothesis is mice

Scientists conduct a study in which 100 adults with chronic diarrhea are divided into < groups with 50 people per group. One group is given a supply of yogurt that contains a certain kind of bacteria, and the other group is given yogurt thatis bacteria-free. the study's participants and researchers do not know which group of subjects has the bacteria in the yogurt and which group does not. The scientists instruct the participants to eat the entire 8 ounces of yogurt once a day for a month and record their bowel habits. This is an example of a(n) _______ study.

Double blind

Scientists who investigate lifestyle factors that influence the prevalence of obesity among different population groups are conducting a(n) study _______

Epidemiological

Pellagra is an infectious disease.

False

A nutrition researcher adds 30 mg of the mineral iron to the daily diet of 50 4-week-old laboratory mice. After 10 weeks, the scientist takes blood samples from each mouse. According to his findings, the mice developed abnormal levels of certain enzymes in their red blood cells. Based on this information and your knowledge of scientific research, what would you tell him?

He should consider his findings as an observation and redesign the study to include a control group.

Which of the following are common signs or symptoms of pellagra?

Mental confusion and scaly skin sores

Researchers at a major university plan a 10 year scientific study to investigate lifestyle factors that contribute to heart disease. Which of the following activities is likely to be a component of their research efforts?

Submitting an article describing the study to a peer reviewed journal

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

Women who smoke 5 or more cigarettes each day during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to underweight babies than women who smoke fewer than 5 cigarettes a day during pregnancy.

Scientists study 200 adults who have type 2 diabetes, and 200 adults who have similar characteristics but do not have the disease. For 18 months, the researchers collect lifestyle information on all the study participants. According to the study's findings, the adults with type 2 diabetes were 25% less physically active than their counterparts who did not have type 2 diabetes. This is an example of a(n) _______ study.

case control

Having a control group enables researchers to

compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group

Scientists in a Central American country are studying factors that may be associated with delayed physical growth among a group of low-income children. The children live in a region of the nation that has high levels of lead in drinking water. This study is an example of a(an) _____ study.

epidemiological

Over a 2-year period, a team of scientists records the eating behaviors and physical activity patterns of a group of healthy 8-year-old children to determine whether these factors are associated with weight gain. This study is an example of a(n) ________ study.

prospective

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use to identify lifestyle factors that may be related to the development of liver cancer in an adult population?

retrospective study