DHN101 Ch7 Study Guide

A meal that provides all of the essential amino acids without including animal protein consists of

Complementary combinations

Proteins that have high-bioavailability are considered ________.

High-quality protein

In most cases, an allergen is an

Protein

Where are dipeptides and tripeptides broken into amino acids?

microvilli

Which of the following is the amino acid that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts?

nonessential

Amino acids are the building blocks of

protein

Most foods contain some _______

protein

People with PKU need to avoid

-meats -milk products -eggs

Which of the following elements are combined to make a protein?

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

In the United States, the average protein intake _____

is about 15 to 18% of total calories is about 1.44 g/kg body weight

Combining certain plant food sources of protein to form complete proteins is called ______.

protein complementation

Which of the following plant foods is considered in a source of complete protein?

quinoa

Which of the following are potential causes of denaturation?

stomach acid and heat

The chemical attraction between the group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid can form a _____

Peptide bond

Which of the following are major functions of proteins in the body?

- in clotting compounds in blood - to make certain hormones - as components of hardened structures, such as hair and nails - as compounds that help maintain fluid and pH balance - to build antibodies that fight disease organisms

Which of the following health problems may develop as a result of untreated celiac disease and the resulting nutrient malabsorption? Check all that apply.

- osteoporosis - anemia - stunted growth - dementia

Gluten-free products are not always healthier as some are high in

- simple sugars - fats - sodium

Although food insecurity exists in the United States, protein deficiency is

- uncommon - present in specific population groups

Which of the following are true about complete protein sources?

-Most foods of animal origin are sources of complete protein -Supplies all nine essential amino acids

Which of the following amino acids can be made by the human body?

Alanine

What results when a protein is absorbed without complete digestion?

Allergy

Proteins are made in your body by following the code found in your ______

DNA

Enzymes with the microvilli break down _____ to amino acids

Di and tripeptides

Accumulation of fluid in the tissues is called _______?

Edema

Which of the following rates high in protein quality because it is well digested and has a pattern of essential amino acids that closely resembles that used by humans?

Egg

Which of the following element is part of protein but not part of lipids or carbohydrates?

Nitrogen

Which naturally occurring food is 100% protein?

No naturally occurring food is 100% protein.

Which of the following cells do not contain protein?

None, all cells contain some protein

Which of the following is NOT considered a major function of proteins in the human body?

Synthesis and storage of muscle glycogen

What happens to peptides once they enter the absorptive cells?

They are broken down into amino acids

T/F: An unpleasant physical reaction following consumption of sulfites is considered a food intolerance because it does not trigger the body's immune response.

True

There are ____ nonessential amino acids

11

Which of the following are common symptoms of non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), often called gluten insensitivity?

- bloating - abdominal pain - headache - joint and muscle pain

Proteins ______

Are comprised of amino acids

What type of diseases result in the poor absorption of nutrients from the small intestine?

Celiac disease

Children and adults with PKU need to avoid foods that are rich sources of _____

Phenylalanine

Celiac disease is a common inherited condition that results in poor ____ of nutrients from the small intestine

absorption

What are two key factors in determining the quality of a protein?

amino acid composition and digestibility

Proteins are made up of smaller units called ______ _______

amino acids

A _____ amino acid is one that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts

nonessential

After being digested, most amino acids are

transported into absorptive cells

To determine a person's RDA for protein, multiple his or her weight in kilograms by ______

0.8g

A 28 year old woman who is at a healthy body weight of 60 kg has a protein RDA of _____ grams/day.

48

Compared to a diet that provides fewer plant foods, a plant-based diet typically provides more _____

Vitamin C

Jacob is a healthy, active 14-year-old boy. Recently, he began to experience a growth spurt. Based on this information, his body is in ________ nitrogen balance.

positive

What is the acceptable macronutrient distribution range of energy from protein?

10-35%

Determine whether the breakfast is appropriate for a vegan, lactovegetarian, or lactoovovegetarian and drag the breakfast to its appropriate classification.

Vegan: oatmeal made with soy milk and blueberries Lactovegetarian: whole wheat toast with melted cheese and a glass of orange juice Lactoovovegetarian: omelet made with two eggs, shredded cheese, and peppers

Carmen is an active child who is allergic to peanuts. While attending a classroom party, Carmen accidentally was exposed to trail mix that contained peanuts, and she rapidly developed _____ as a result.

anaphylaxis