DI 130 FINAL

Estimate gestational age of the fetus if gestational sac dimensions are 48mm x 35mm x 40mm A. 10 weeks 1 day B. 9 weeks C. 9 weeks 4 days D. 11 weeks

A. 10 weeks 1 day

The Nuchal fold should be: A. < 6 mm B. >6 mm C. <3 mm D. >3 mm

A. <6 mm

The orbital measurement where the calipers placed lateral-to-lateral wall of orbits is: A. BOD B. IOD C. ILD

A. BOD

The anechoic midline brain structure located between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricle is the: A. Cavum septum pellucidum B. Cavum vergae C. Corpus cellosum D. Fourth ventricle

A. Cavum septum pellucidum

What is a cystic hygroma? A. Collection of fluid in the fetal neck area B. Collection of fluid in fetal abdominal cavity C. Edema of the abdominal wall D. Edema of the skin

A. Collection of fluid in the fetal neck area

Symmetrical IUGR means: A. Fetus is not growing well from the conception B. Fetus is not well from the second trimester C. Fetus is not growing well from the beginning of the third trimester

A. Fetus is not growing well from the conception

What are two most common methods of Gestational Age estimation? A. B.

A. Gestational sac B. Crown-rump length

In VACTREL association, the letter "L" stands for: A. Limb B. Lung C. Liver D. Long bones

A. Limb

Waveform of the umbilical artery is: A. Low resistance waveform B. High resistant waveform

A. Low resistance waveform

Decidua basalis forms: A. Maternal part B. Conseptus/fetal part C. The rest of the endometrium that lines the body & the fundus

A. Maternal part

The most common form of monozygotic twins is: A. Monochorionic diamniotic B. Dichorionic monoamniotic C. Monochorionic monoamniotic D. None of the above

A. Monochorionic diamniotic

Twins that have the threat of being conjoined are: A. Monochorionic monoamniotic B. Monochorionic diamniotic C. Dizygotic D. Dichorionic diamniotic

A. Monochorionic monoamniotic

Identical twins results from: A. Monozygotic twinning B. Dizygotic twinning C. Heterotopic pregnancies D. Monochorionic pregnancies

A. Monozygotic twinning

A patient who delivered three children is A. Multiparous B. Primigravida D. Nulliparous

A. Multiparous

HC measurement. Calipers should be placed: A. Outer to outer edge of the calvaria wall B. Inner to inner C. Inner to outer D. Outer to inner

A. Outer to outer edge of the calvaria wall

Umbilical vein is carrying: A. Oxygenated blood B. Deoxygenated blood

A. Oxygenated blood

Bilobed placenta is: A. Succenturiate lobe B. Circumvallate placenta C. None of the above

A. Succenturiate lobe

The shunting blood from one twin to the other is termed: A. TTTS B. Twin Embolization Syndrome C. Twin Peak Sign D. Conjoined twins

A. TTTS

Placenta accreta is A. The abnormal attachment of the placenta to the myometrium B. The premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall C. The invasion of the placenta into the myometrium D. The condition of having the fetal vessels rest over the internal os

A. The abnormal attachment of the placenta to the myometrium

The cystic hygroma is associated with A. Turner syndrome B. Edward syndrome C. Normal finding.

A. Turner syndrome

The orbital measurement where the calipers placed inner-to-inner is:___________

Occular diameter or IOD

True or False: The abdominal circumference is more useful as a growth parameter than in predicting gestational age.

True

ALARA is............

As low as reasonable accepted

The normal range of TC/AC ratio is A. 0.5-0.8 B. 0.89-1.0 C. 0.8-10.0 D. 1.0-2.0

B. 0.89-1.0

Umbilical cord has: A. 1 umbilical artery and umbilical vein B. 1 umbilical vein and 2 umbilical arteries C. 2 umbilical veins and 1 umbilical artery

B. 1 umbilical vein and 2 umbilical arteries

The lateral ventricle should not be greater than: A. 6 mm B. 10 mm C. 5 mm D. 3 mm

B. 10 mm

When should be performed Nuchal translucency measurement? A. 10 weeks-12 weeks B. 11 weeks- 13 weeks 6 days C. 11 weeks- 15 weeks D. 10 weeks- 15 weeks

B. 11 weeks-13 weeks 6 days

We can start measure fetal long bones from_____________of the Gestation Age A. 13 weeks B. 12 weeks C. 15 weeks D. 20 weeks

B. 12 weeks

You are performing ultrasound examination of pregnant woman in late second trimester. The cervix should measure at least____________in length A. 7cm B. 3.5 cm C. 2 cm D. All of the above

B. 3.5 cm

The minimum fetal crown- rump length for NT measurement should be: A. 35mm-80mm B. 45mm-84mm C. 20mm-60mm

B. 45mm-84mm

Normal AFI rang is: A. 10-20 B. 5-25 C. 10-25 D. 15-30

B. 5-25

The fetal lip typically closes by: A. 18 weeks B. 8 weeks C. 13 weeks D. 24 weeks

B. 8 weeks

A disorder that results in dwarfism: A. Osteogenesis imperfecta B. Achondroplasia C. Radial ray defect D. Caudal regression syndrome

B. Achondroplasia

The most common nonlethal skeletal dysplasia is: A. Achondrogenesis B. Achondroplasia C. Osteogenesis imperfecta type II D. Thanatophoric dysplasia

B. Achondroplasia

Amniocentesis is: A. The placental tissue sampling B. Amniotic fluid sampling C. Fetal blood samplinng

B. Amniotic fluid sampling

A separate mass of nonfunctioning fetal lung tissue is referred to as: A. Pulmonary adenomatoid malformation B. Bronchopulmonary sequestration C. Cystic adenomatoid malformation D. Bat wing sign

B. Bronchopulmonary sequestration

An absent sacrum and coccyx is referred to as: A. Sirenomelia B. Caudal regression syndrome C. Achondroplasia D. Redial ray defect

B. Caudal regression syndrome

The brain structure what has dumbell shape: A. Cavum septum pellucidum B. Cerebellum C. Cisterna magna D. Choroid plexus

B. Cerebellum

Decidua capsularis develops: A. Maternal part B. Conseptus/fetal part C. The rest of the endometrium that lines the body & the fundus

B. Conseptus/fetal part

The placenta consists of functional lobes- A. Chorionic Villi B. Cotyledons C. Connective tissue D. Capillaries

B. Cotyledons

Umbilical arteries are caries: A. Oxygenated blood B. Deoxygenated blood

B. Deoxygenated blood

Fraternal twins result from: A. Monozygotic twinning B. Dizygotic twinning C. Heterotopic pregnancies D. Monochorionic pregnancies

B. Dizygotic twinning

All of the following are characteristic of spina bifida occulta except: A. Closed defect B. Elevated MSAFP C. Sacral dimple D. Hemangioma

B. Elevated MSAFP

Presence of nasal bone is: A. Plus sign B. Equal sign C. Line sign D. Delta sing

B. Equal sign

Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using the: A. Systolic and diastolic ratio B. Lecithin and sphingomyelin ratio C. Estriol to alpha-fetoprotein ratio D. Lung size formula

B. Lecithin and sphingomyelin ratio

Cervical incompetence when cervical length is: A. Less than 2 cm B. Less than 3 cm C. Less than 4 cm

B. Less than 3 cm

A fetal estimated weight is 4800 grams, and it is termed as A. Macroglossia B. Macrosomia C. Microsomia D. Macrognathia

B. Macrosomia

What type of multiple pregnancy is seen in the image? (Picture of twins in one sac) A. Monochorionic monoamniotic twins B. Monochorionic diamniotic twins C. Dichorionic diamniotic twins D. Dichorionic monoamniotic twins

B. Monochorionic diamniotic twins

When amniotic fluid index less than 5 it is: A. Anhydramnios B. Oligiohydramnios C. Polyhydramnios D. Normal

B. Oligohydramnios

For femur length measurement ultrasound beam should be: A. Oblique to the fetal bone B. Perpendicular to the fetal bone C. Parallel to the fetal bone

B. Perpendicular to the fetal bone

Any sonographic evaluation of a pregnant patient should follow ALARA principles. A sonographer should use except: A. M-mode B. Pulse wave- doppler C. TI < 1C D. None of the above

B. Pulse wave- doppler

The primitive hindbrain can be seen as a cystic structure within the embryonic head. It is called the: A. Diencephalon B. Rhombencephalon C. Prosencephalon D. Mesencephalon E. Encephalocele

B. Rhombencephalon

The chest circumference is measured at the level of A. The stomach B. The four-chamber view D. The thalamus

B. The four-chamber view

The choroid plexus cyst could be associated with an increased risk of: A. Trisomy 13 B. Trisomy 18 C. Trisomy 4 D. Arnold Chiary II malformation

B. Trisomy 18

What is the most severe form of osteogenesis imperfecta? A. Type I B. Type 2 C. Type 3 D. Type 4

B. Type 2

What statement is best described the location of the choroid plexus? A. Within the posterior portion of the fetal brain just inferior to the cerebellum B. Within the atria of the lateral ventricles bilaterally C. Between the thalami bilaterally D. In the most inferior portion of the fetal brain adjacent to the lateral ventricles E. At the level of the falx and periventricular vasculature

B. Within the atria of the lateral ventricles bilaterally

Gestational sac is growing up to A. 2-3 mm a day B. 1-2 mm a day C. 1 mm a day D. 5 mm a day

C. 1 mm a day

The muscular diaphragm completes development by .......... A. 11 weeks B. 12 weeks C. 14 weeks

C. 14 weeks

The absence of the eyes is termed: A. Agyria B. Anotia C. Anophthalmia D. Hypoterlorism

C. Anophthalmia

What sonographic sign is related to the pleural effusion? A. Banana sign B. Peanut sign C. Bat wing sign D. Tail sign

C. Bat wing sign

What landmarks must you see on trans-thalamic plane for BPD measurement except? A. CSP B. Thalamus C. Cerebellum D. Falx cerebri

C. Cerebellum

Placental tissue is obtained by what procedure? A. Amniocentesis B. Cordocentesis C. Chorionic villi sampling D. Trophoblastic resection technique

C. Chorionic villi sampling

During sonographic examination of the pregnant patient you noticed a fetal malformation of the feet. Ultrasound evaluation revealed the metatarsals lie in the same plane as the tibia and fibula. What limb abnormality is it? A. Clinodactyly B. Syndactyly C. Clubfoot D. Sirenomelia E. Micromelia

C. Clubfoot

Lambda sign is a sign of A. Monochorionic monoamniotic pregnancy B. Monochorionic diamniotic pregnancy C. Dichorionic diamniotic pregnancy D. Dichorionic monoamniotic pregnancy

C. Dichorionic diamniotic pregnancy

The sonographic examination of twins reveals a triangular extension of the placenta at the base Of the membrane. This fining is indicative of: A. Monochorionic monoamniotic twins B. Monochorionic diamniotic twins C. Dichorionic diamniotic twins D. Dichorionic monoamniotic twins

C. Dichorionic diamniotic twins

The sonographic examination of twins reveals a triangular extension of the placenta of the membrane. This finding is indicative of: (picture with twin peak sign) A. Monochorionic monoamniotic twins B. Monochorionic diamniotic twins C. Dichorionic diamniotic twins D. Dichorionic monoamniotic twins

C. Dichorionic diamniotic twins

Twins having two placentas and two amniotic sacs are referred to as: A. Monochorionic diamniotic B. Monoamniotic dichorionic C. Dichorionic diamnotic D. This does not occur

C. Dichorionic diamnotic

Which protein is not produced by placenta? A. AFP B. hCG C. Estriol

C. Estriol

The double sac sign is: A. Amniotic sac and yolk sac B. Gestational sac and yolk sac C. Gestational sac and two layers of decidua

C. Gestational sac and two layers of decidua

A structural abnormality that results from an abnormal development describes: A. Syndrome B. Chromosomal deviation C. Malformation D. Congenital misrepresentation

C. Malformation

A small mandible is termed: A. Macroglossia B. Epignathus C. Micrognathia D. Ethmocephaly

C. Micrognathia

Twins that are result from the fertilization of an ovum are called: A. Diamniotic B. Dizygotic C. Monozygotic D. Monochorionic

C. Monozygotic

The most common measurement for GA assessment are following except: A. BPD B. HC C. Nasal bone D. AC F. FL

C. Nasal bone

When amniotic fluid index more than 25 is: A. Normal range B. Oligohydramnios C. Polyhydramnios

C. Polyhydramnios

Absence of the radius is referred to as: A. Talipes equinovarus B. Clubfoot C. Radial ray defect D. Phcomelia

C. Radial ray defect

Placenta previa is: A. The premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall B. The invasion of the placenta into the myometrium C. The placental covers the internal os

C. The placental cover the internal os

The surfactant system develops in the _________trimester. A. First B. Second C. Third

C. Third

The most common sonographic appearance of pulmonary sequestration is a/an: A. Dilated pulmonary artery and hypoechoic chest mass B. Pleural effusion and ipsilateral hiatal hernia C. Triangular, echogenic mass within the chest D. Anechoic mass within the chest

C. Triangular, echogenic mass within the chest

The velamentous cord insertion is associated with A. Placenta increta B. Placental abruption C. Vasa previa D. Circumvallate placenta

C. Vasa previa

The cisterna magna should not exceed _________in the transcerebellar plane. A. 4 mm B. 2 mm C. 8 mm D. 10 mm

D. 10 mm

A protein produced by yolk sac and fetal liver that is found in excess in the maternal circulation in the presence of a neural tube defect is: A. PAPP-A B. hCG C. Estriol D. AFP

D. AFP

What is skeletal dysplasia? A. Abnormal development of the spine B. Abnormal growth of cartilage C. Abnormal development and growth of the lungs D. Abnormal development and growth of bones/cartilage

D. Abnormal development and growth of bones/cartilage

Ultrasound characteristics of Osteogenesis imperfecta: A. Demineralization of the skull B. Multiple fractures C. Bell-shaped chest D. All of the above

D. All of the above

The third ventricle communicated with the 4th ventricle at the: A. Foramen of mergendie B. Formane of Luschka C. Foramen of Monro D. Aqueduct of Sylvius

D. Aqueduct of Sylvius

What landmarks must you see on transthalamic plan for BPD measurement, except? A. CSP B. Thalamus C. Falx D. Cerebellum

D. Cerebellum

The term that indicated the presence of two separate amniotic sac is: A. Dichorionic B. Bichorionic C. Monoamniotic D. Diamniotic

D. Diamniotic

Typically, the first sonographic sign of twin-twin transfusion syndrome is: A. Oligohydramnios B. Polyhydramnios C. Dichorionic twinning D. Discordant fetal growth

D. Discordant fetal growth

A reduction in the distance between the orbits in referred to as: A. Anophthalmia B. Micrognathia C. Hyperterlorism D. Hypotelorism

D. Hypotelorism

The transverse plane to measure the AC should demonstrate all structures, except: A. Stomach B. Umbilical vein C. Spine D. Kidneys E. Ribs on both sides

D. Kidneys

Twins having one placenta and one amniotic sac are referred to as: A. Dichorionic monoamniotic B. Dichorionic diamniotic C. Monochorionic diamniotic D. Monochorionic monoamniotic

D. Monochorionic monoamniotic

All of the following are characteristics of spina bifida cystica except: A. Banana sign B. Lemon sign C. Enlarged mass intermedia D. Normal MSAFP

D. Normal MSAFP

BPD measurement. Calipers should be placed: A. Outer to outer edge of the calvaria wall B. Inner to inner C. Inner to outer D. Outer to inner

D. Outer to inner

US exam, you visualize a mass extending from the distal spine of a fetus. This mass could be all of the following except: A. Sacrococcygral teratoma B. Meningocele C. Meningomyelocele D. Phocomeningocele

D. Phocomeningocele

Screening of neural tube defects include, except: A. AFP B. MSAFP C. HCG D. Progesteron E. Estriol

D. Progesteron

A cloverleaf skull and hydrocephalus is seen with: A. Achondrogenesis B. Osteogenesis imperfect C. Sirenomelia D. Thanatotrophic dysplasia

D. Thanatotrophic dysplasia

A cloverleaf skull is seen with: A. Sirenomelia B. Achondrgenesis C. Achondroplasia D. Thanatphoric dysplasia

D. Thanatphoric dysplasia

When we evaluate fetal extremities, what is supposed to be examined? A. Shape of a bone B. Size of a bone C. Mineralization D. Movement E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Fetal profile include all of the following except A. Frontal bones B. Occipital bones C. Chin D. Nasal bone E. Lips

E. Lips

EDD means________________

Estimated due date

Ultrasound characteristics of Achonroplasia except: A. Macrocrainia B. Frontal bossing C. Flattened nasal bridge D. Micromelia E. Trident hand F. Sirenomelia

F. Sirenomelia