Diabetes

additive effects

Oral antidiabetic agents can be used in various combinations for what purpose?

Check blood glucose frequently

A diabetic client has just received an insulin pump. What would be important to include In client teaching?

Increased thirst, increased urination, abdominal pain

During ongoing assessment of clients receiving insulin detemir (levemir), The nurse assesses the client for symptoms of hyperglycemia that include which of the following?

Incretins

Insulin is a hormone released by the pancreatic beta cells in response to a rise in glucose levels and what else?

Weakness, diaphoresis, mental confusion, and increased pulse rate

The demonstration of what symptoms would suggest that an insulin-dependent client is experiencing a hypoglycemic reaction?

Exenatide

The nurse is administering an anti-diabetic agent by subcutaneous injection within 60 minutes of the clients breakfast. Which agent with the nurse most likely be administering?

Accumulation of hypoglycemia

A 54-year-old male client is diagnosed with chronic renal failure and hyperglycemia. He asks if he can be prescribed sulfonylurea because it works well for his friend. If he were given sulfonylurea, the clients renal impairment may lead to what effect?

Metformin does not cause hypoglycemia

A client has refused a scheduled dose of metformin, stating that he or she is worried about inducing hypoglycemia because blood glucose level is currently 66 mg/dl. The nurse should convey what teaching points to the client?

Between 8:30 AM and 9:30 AM

A client receives a dose of insulin lispro at 8 AM. The nurse would be alert for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia at which time?

The client frequently check blood glucose levels

A client was diagnosed with type two diabetes several months ago and has presented for his schedule follow up appointment. Which day to behavior most clearly indicates that the client has established effective health Maintenance?

Decreasing glucose production by the liver, improving insulin sensitivity, and decreasing glucose absorption in the G.I. tract

A client with a recent diagnosis of type two diabetes has begun taking MetFormin. This drug will help the client achieve adequate blood sugar control through which mechanism?

The different concepts and peaks of the two types provide better overall glucose control.

A client with type one diabetes has been prescribed 12 units of regular insulin and 34 units of NPH insulin in the morning. How should the nurse explain why two different types of insulin are required to control the clients blood glucose?

A fasting blood glucose results of 126 mg/deciliter or more on two separate occasion is diagnostic of diabetes.

A client, being evaluated for diabetes, ask how a blood glucose test is used to diagnose this disease. What is the nurses best response?

Use of alcohol

A male client is to begin glyburide for type two diabetes. Before the drug therapy begins, a priority action by the nurse will be to assess the clients?

General assessment of the skin

A nurse at a healthcare facility is caring for a client who has been prescribed insulin for the first time. Which pre-administration assessment should the nurse performed before the first dose of insulin is giving?

glyburide/metformin

A nurse instructed client who is elderly to eat within 30 minutes of the administration of which anti-diabetic drug to prevent hypoglycemia?

blurred vision

A nurse is caring for a 48-year-old woman who has been hospitalized after injecting the wrong type of insulin. Which sign of hypoglycemia will the nurse be careful to observe for?

Cirrhosis, chronic intestinal disease, and colonic ulcerations

A nurse is caring for a client with elevated blood glucose levels receiving a-glycosidase inhibitor drug therapy. For which of the following conditions of the patient or a-glucosidase inhibitors contraindicated?

Avoid drug administration in the case of a skipped meal

A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a patient who is prescribed a meglitinide. What instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the patient?

Take an oral dose of some form of glucose as soon as possible

A nurse is working with a newly diagnosed diabetic client on understanding hypoglycemia and insulin reaction's. Which action would be most important for the client to understand when planning the response to an insulin reaction?

Insulin Aspart (Novolog), insulin glulisine (apidra)

A nurse must recognize the duration of insulin so as not to cause harm to the client with administration of the improper type of insulin. Which insulins are rapid acting?

Late afternoon

A patient receives 25 units of NPH insulin at 7 AM. At what time of day should the nurse advised patient to be most alert for potential hypoglycemic reactions?

Sitagliptin, exenatide, pramlintide

After teaching a group of nursing students about anti-diabetic drug, the instructor determines that the teaching with successful when the students identify which as an example of a hormone mimetic?

Propranolol 10 mg by mouth three times a day

After the nurse makes an initial assessment of patient's, the nurse reviews their medication what medication orders to the nurse question for a diabetic patient who takes insulin to control their diabetes?

Thiazolidinediones

As The first line treatment, a client with type two diabetes has tried diet and exercise. When these fail, what may be added as a monotherapy or in combination with Metformin to control their disease process?

It is related to fat and protein metabolism

As a diabetic educator, the nurse is teaching a newly diagnosed diabetic client about aspects of the disease process. What would the nurse tell the client about the bodies control of glucose?

Tacky piña, malaise, abdominal pain, and muscular pain

Lactic acidosis can occur in clients receiving Metformin (Glucophage), especially those with renal impairment. What are symptoms of lactic acidosis for which a nurse should monitor a client taking metformin?

Lactic acidosis

The nurse admits a client with type two diabetes who takes Metformin (glucophage). The nursing diagnosis given is in effective breathing pattern. What complication of the clients current drug therapy does the nurse believe the client is experiencing?

Insulin patch, implantable insulin pump, and inhaled insulin

The nurse is caring for an adolescent newly diagnosed with type one diabetes. The client says, I can't believe I'm going to spend the rest of my life sticking myself with needles. What future possibilities for insulin delivery can the nurse share with this client?

126mg/dL

The nurse is discussing diabetes mellitus with a group of people who are involved in a weight loss program. The nurse relates to the group that the parameters for a diagnosis of diabetes or a fasting plasma glucose test greater than or equal to what level on two separate occasions?

Bloating and diarrhea

The nurse is educated the client who is beginning therapy with acrabose and tells a client to take the medication with the first bite of each main meal to help prevent what adverse effects?

With the evening meal

The nurse is just a client who has been prescribed extended release Metformin to take the medication at what time?

Exercise and decrease food intake

The nurse is providing teaching to a client with type one diabetes. The client requires additional teaching when he learns that his insulin needs may increase because of what conditions?

And I must take this medication one hour before I eat

The nurse is reinforcing teaching about Acarbose (precose) to a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further understanding?

The onset of symptoms and signs is sudden, affected by increased emotions, and triggered by missing a regular meal

The nurse should include what information when educating a client prescribed insulin regarding the characteristics of hypoglycemia?

Place glucose gel between the gums and cheek

The nurse walks into the room of a client with type one diabetes and finds the client pale and diaphoretic. The client reports a headache and being hungry. Immediately, the client is unable to talk. What is the nurses immediate intervention for this client?

Aspart

The nurses assessment of a client who has presented to the emergency department reveals hyper glycemia. Which type of insulin will have the most rapid effect on the clients blood sugar levels?

Cortisol, glucagon, growth

The stress response triggered by illness will result in the increase secretion of what hormone?

Amylin

What hormone, secreted with insulin, increases satiety and suppresses glucagon secretion?

Immediately before meal

When teaching to client about insulin administration, the nurse would instruct the client to administer insulin aspart at which time?

Glargine

Which insulin with the nurse need to administer as a separate injection if the order also included and PH insulin?

Glyburide, and glipizide

Which of the following drugs help lower blood glucose by increasing the production of insulin by beta cells in the pancreas?