DOHC Chapter 14 Quiz

Leadership: characteristics of effective and ineffective groups

*Effective:* An effective style of leadership is used to achieve the desired goals *Ineffective:* Leadership is ineffective

Responsibility: characteristics of effective and ineffective groups

*Effective:* Group members feel a strong sense of responsibility for group outcomes *Ineffective:* Little responsibility for the group is felt by the group members

Cohesiveness: characteristics of effective and ineffective groups

*Effective:* Group members generally trust and like one another and are loyal to the group; they have a high degree of commitment and a high degree of cooperation *Ineffective:* Group members often feel alienated from the group and from one another. There is a low degree of commitment to the group and members tend to work better alone than with the group

Group Identity: characteristics of effective and ineffective groups

*Effective:* Group members value and "own" the goals of the group; goals are clearly defined *Ineffective:* The group's goals are not of great importance to the group's members

Communication: characteristics of effective and ineffective groups

*Effective:* Honest and direct communication flows freely. Group members support, praise, and critique one another *Ineffective:* Communication is limited; members rarely share information about themselves. Some group members may restrict communication flow by dominating group discussions or preventing others from participating

Decision Making: characteristics of effective and ineffective groups

*Effective:* Problems are identified; an appropriate method of decision making is used; the decision is implemented, and there is follow-up. Group commitment to the decision is high *Ineffective:* Problems are allowed to build without resolution, and little responsibility is shown for problem solving. Group commitment to a decision is low

Power: characteristics of effective and ineffective groups

*Effective:* Sources of power among group members are recognized and used appropriately. The needs or interests of members with little power are considered *Ineffective:* Power is used and abused to "fix" immediate problems. Little attention is given to the needs or interests of members with little power

What are some examples of health care teams?

-Administrative teams -Medical emergency teams -Hospital patient care teams -Physician's office teams -Dental office teams -Outpatient care teams

What are some potential members of a cardiac rehabilitation team?

-Cardiologist -Rehabilitation nurse -Clinical social worker -Physical therapist/physical therapist assistant -Occupational therapist/occupational therapist assistant -Registered dietitian

What are the four different types of leadership skills?

-Communication skills -Problem-solving skills -Management skills -Self-evaluation skills

What are responsibilities of a cardiologist on a cardiac rehabilitation team?

-Evaluate and treat patients with heart problem -Coordinate patient care services with other team members

What is effective teamwork dependent on?

-Open and honest communication -Sufficient organizational resources -Mutual support among team members -Understanding and recognizing the role and function of each member

What four functions do managers generally have?

-Planning -Organizing -Directing -Controlling

What are responsibilities of a clinical social worker on a cardiac rehabilitation team?

-Professional counselor -Acts as liaison for the patient, family, and rehabilitation treatment team -Coordinates and provides support for discharge planning and referrals -Helps coordinate care with insurance companies

A nursing team may consist of a combination of what nursing professionals?

-Registered nurses (RNs) -Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) -Licensed vocational nurses (LVNs) -Certified nursing assistants (CNAs)

What should the team leader or spokesperson do when preparing team meetings?

-Set the meeting time and place in advance -Choose a day and time when all team members are available -If the team meets on a regular basis, schedule the meetings for the same day and time so that they become a regular part of every member's schedule -Distribute an agenda prior to the meeting

What are responsibilities of a rehabilitation nurse on a cardiac rehabilitation team?

-Specialize in rehabilitative care -Assist patients in achieving maximum independence -Provide patient and family education

What are the sources of conflict?

-Substance (disagreements over what caused a patient's problem or how to address the problem) -Personality differences -Independent work and limited group conversation -Differences in training, knowledge, and experiences -Competitive work environment

What are general roles found within any team?

-Team leader -Recorder/secretary -Spokesperson -Resource -Implementer

What are the four elements of team structure that members are responsible for determining?

-Team purpose -Team goals -Team members' roles -Team functions

How can you prevent conflict in team meetings?

-The leader needs to keep the meeting focused on the agenda -All members of the team should be encouraged to participate -All members of the group should feel free to communicate their thoughts and opinions without censorship or anger

What are the characteristics of successful health care leaders?

-Understand the complexity of coordinated care -Remain open to different points of view -Understand the interdependency of the health care team

To promote good communication within a group, what should every team member do?

-listen with full attention to other members -express ideas as clearly as possible -encourage feedback on all ideas -avoid letting negative emotions cloud communications

What are the steps in problem solving?

1. Assessing 2. Diagnosing 3. Creating a plan 4. Implementing the plan 5. Evaluating the plan 6. Modifying the plan

Multidisciplinary Team

A cooperative group that includes professionals with different qualifications, skills, and areas of expertise

Conflict

A disagreement between team members

What is at the helm of any successful team?

A good leader

One-Profession Team

A team consisting of professionals working within the same field

Who is responsible for organizing and overseeing a one-profession team?

A team leader or coordinator

What will group with positive group dynamics foster?

An atmosphere in which contributions by all of a group's members can take place

What can occur as a result of limited group conversation?

An atmosphere of distrust and suspicion or a competitive work environment

Diagnosing

Analyze the details about the conflict and the attitudes of the members involved to determine the cause of the conflict

Modifying the Plan

Based on the evaluation, make any modifications or develop a new plan (IF NECESSARY)

Implementer

Carry out the specific activities, such as patient care, determined by the team

In healthcare, multidisciplinary teams provide ______ care.

Comprehensive

Health Care Team

Consists of health care professionals who often have a variety of health-related backgrounds, education, and experiences

What does a group's success ultimately depend on?

Contributions by all of its members

Team Goals

Decisions need to be made as a group, in the best interest of the team and its goals. To accomplish the team's goals, all team members need to be willing to listen to the opinions of other team members.

Team Leader

Defines issues, sets the agenda, and coordinates work of team members

Creating a Plan

Determine the best method for resolving the conflict

What are responsibilities of a registered dietitian on a cardiac rehabilitation team?

Evaluate and provide for the dietary needs of each patient based on the patient's particular medical and nutritional needs, eating abilities, and food preferences

Assessing

Gather information about the conflict

Optimist

Has a positive attitude that encourages others to find solutions and overcome challenges

Group Dynamics

How individual group members relate to one another

Teamwork

Involves cooperating with other team members to accomplish the task at hand

Why is good communication important?

It helps team members build trust and mutual respect for one another

Communication Skills

Leaders use communication skills to form strong interpersonal relationships with patients peers, and colleagues. These skills also help establish and reach goals and improve the leader's own personal and professional growth.

Spokesperson

Maintains contact with others on behalf of the group

Management Skills

Management skills help leaders recognize and foster unique talents and skills in other team members and direct others toward goals. These also help leaders stay organized, control finances, and use resources wisely

Organizing

Managers acquire, mobilize, and manage resources to carry out the planned strategies.

Planning

Managers are skilled at identifying problems and developing long-term goals, short-term objectives that build toward those goals, and strategies to achieve those objectives and goals. The plans they develop must fit within financial and workforce constraints.

Directing

Managers direct the work of others, instructing them about when and how to carry out tasks.

Controlling

Managers monitor the work of those whom they are responsible, by creating and implementing a method for evaluating the group's work. Managers need to stay focused on clinical quality and financial accountability.

Who should dominate the group process in an effective group?

No member; everyone in the group should respect views of other group members and feel comfortable voicing their own opinions

Reflector

Observes the group process while participating in team activities. Can report the results of these observations, providing insight into the way team members are working together.

What are the two main types of healthcare teams?

One-profession teams and multidisciplinary teams

What is the most effective way to communication?

Openly and honestly

What does how well team members perform their assigned duties have a direct impact on?

Other members, the team's goals, and the patient's care

Team Purpose

Points all members in the right direction and determines how the team should develop and move forward. What is the reason for the team? What does it hope to accomplish?

What is a result of poor communication?

Poor communication can lead to mistakes-and when health care is involved, mistakes can have very serious consequences

Problem-Solving Skills

Problem-solving skills allow leaders to analyze all sides of a problem before making a decision

Democratic Leadership

Promotes a sense of equality between the leader and other participants by sharing decisions and activities among all members of the team

Cardiac Rehabilitation Team

Provides patients with physical, emotional, social, and occupational therapy after a heart attack

Resource

Provides unique knowledge or expertise on a particular issue

Implementing the Plan

Put the plan to action

Recorder or Secretary

Records the ideas of all team members; may act as a timekeeper during meetings

Which member of a nursing team outlines and and implements patient care plan, including assigning team members tasks that utilize their individual abilities?

Registered nurse (RN)

What is the best way to ensure that all team members can access the same information?

Regular team meetings

Evaluating the Plan

Review the effects of the attempted solution. Has the conflict been resolved?

Skeptic

Reviews ideas for potential problems

Self-Evaluation Skills

Self-evaluation skills help leaders assess their own effectiveness and to accept criticism, as well as praise.

Which of the four elements of team structure requires all members of a properly functioning team to interact and coordinate their actions?

Team Goals

Which of the four elements of team structure needs to be defined?

Team Purpose

Leadership

The ability to influence others while working toward a vision or goal

Team Functions

The activities that the team members must carry out to meet the team's goals. Because a team member may have many different specific goals, certain team members will accomplish some of the goals, while other members will work on other goals.

Autocratic/Directive Leadership

The leader assumes complete control over the decisions and activities of the group

Laissez-Faire/Non-Directive Leadership

The leader hands power over to the group members. This approach encourages independent activity by group members, and its success depends on team members being able to direct their own activities.

Team Members' Roles

The most productive teams have members with a balanced combination of talents and abilities, with each member contributing to the overall purpose. Members have roles within the team based on their strengths. Each member is expected to perform all relevant tasks to the best of his or her ability. Some roles within a team might be assigned, while other might simply be assumed by the person best able to carry them out at the time. Individuals may also have different roles in different situations.

What is the way a team is organized dependent on?

The purpose of the team; teams are organized to make the most of different members' strengths in order to achieve the team's goals

What determines if a team is successful?

The structure of a team and how well the team members understand the structure

What do sports teams, military teams, academic competition teams, management teams, and health care teams all have in common?

They're made up of a group of individuals working cooperatively toward a common goal.

What does the team leader/coordinator do in a one-profession team?

This person assigns tasks to individual members and serves as the central point of communication within the team

What is a general health care team's purpose?

To provide or support patient care, although certain health care teams may have other specific purposes.

What is the main goal of a cardiac rehabilitation team?

To restore the skills and abilities of the patient while providing care using a combination of specialists from a wide range of health care areas

While each member in a multidisciplinary team has different capabilities, they generally complement each other. TRUE OR FALSE?

True

All health care professionals, to the extent that they work with others, become leaders. TRUE OR FALSE?

True; Even students can begin assume leadership roles, such as their study groups or on team projects.

While leaders are not always managers, managers are always leaders. TRUE OR FALSE?

True; many health care professionals serve in management roles, often in addition to their professional roles

Disputes within a team aren't always a bad thing. TRUE OR FALSE?

True; they often reflect the passion that members feel for their vocation or their team's purpose

It is often beneficial to discuss areas of conflict openly within a team setting. TRUE OR FALSE?

True; this builds understanding within the entire group and allows those directly involved in the conflict to hear different viewpoints, which may help lead to a resolution

Leadership is a behavior-something that an individual does to influence others. TRUE OR FALSE?

True; this influence can take many forms and requires much creativity, intellect, and savvy to manage the influence in positive directions. Different leadership styles are used in different situations and at different levels.

Team

Two or more individuals organized to function cooperatively together

When can conflict occur?

When a variety of personalities are brought together on a team

Why is conflict management is an essential skill for all team members?

When health care professionals strive to provide the best possible care for their patients, disagreements are likely to result. Therefore, conflict management skills will find the solution that will most benefit the patient.

How can substance be minimized?

When members remain open-minded and respectful of one another

What are responsibilities of a occupational therapist/occupational therapy assistant on a cardiac rehabilitation team?

Work to restore functions for patients with problems related to activities of daily living (ADLs) including work, school, family, and community and leisure activities

What are responsibilities of a physical therapist/physical therapy assistant on a cardiac rehabilitation team?

Work to restore functions for patients with problems related to movement, muscle strength, exercise, and joint function

A health care professional with this type of leadership style may be described as firm, self-assured, or even dominating. a. Autocratic b. Democratic c. Laissez-Faire

a

Teams typically include a. individuals possessing unique and distinct skill sets b. multiple people that have the same role

a

The group and the leader work together to accomplish goals and outcomes that have been mutually agreed upon. a. Autocratic b. Democratic c. Laissez-Faire

b

This leadership style is more effective when all team members are clinical experts with a thorough understanding of both clinical and administrative processes. a. Autocratic b. Democratic c. Laissez-Faire

c