drivers permit section 10

driving in adverse weather

flooded roads - can be found on roads, bridges and low areas - don't drive through flooded areas. turn around and find another way - 6 in. of water will reach bottom of most passenger cars, causing loss of control or possible stalling and 2 ft. of rushing water can carry away most cars - if water looks shallow to cross, still don't bc there could b dips or damaged parts of road from flood - if no other route, proceed to higher ground and wait fog - see section 8-vision limitations

rural road driving

- Driving on empty rural highways is dangerous as driving in heavy city traffic. It's easy to relax ur attention & suddenly come upon something dangerous. Stay alert, watch warning signs & slow down. Some road conditions/driving hazards r unique to rural roads when compared to a paved interstate or city street. they consist of paved, gravel and dirt roads. impt to understand different types and hazards that are common on rural roads gravel or dirt - cars don't have as much traction on gravel or dirt roads as they do on concrete or asphalt roads. When driving on gravel or dirt, must reduce ur speed and increase ur following distance, since it take much longer to stop due to loss of traction. Skidding can occur when traction is lost. Gravel or dirt roads can become rough and rippled from where a series of potholes has formed and can affect steering and vehicle control dust - happens in dry periods and can reduce vision. use low beam headlights so ur car is visible to others, slow down and increase following distance narrow bridges and roads - Gravel or dirt roads can be narrow and have little to no shoulder, which can be hazardous. Ditches can be close to the road, very steep and dangerous. u should look for narrow bridge signs and be prepared to stop for oncoming traffic. These roadways may have sharp dips or unexpected turns; therefore, u should slow down and increase ur following distance open bridge gratings or steel bridges - reduce speed as traction for braking/steering is reduced. keep firm grip on wheel and increase following distance vision limitations - Blind corners created by wooded areas, corn fields or other tall crops can create vision limitations. steep hills and curves - Hills and curves on rural roads are often steeper and sharper than on highways. B4 reaching the crest of a hill or before entering a curve, slow down, move to the right side of the road and watch for oncoming vehicles highway railroad grade crossing - Many of them on rural roads are marked only w/ warning sign and a white X-shaped railroad crossing sign and typically do not have lights or crossing gates, therefore, u should always slow down, look both ways and be prepared to stop for a train b4 crossing tracks uncontrolled intersection - Some intersections on rural roads are not controlled by yield or stop signs. These intersections can be very dangerous if you don't approach them w/ caution. When approaching an uncontrolled rural intersection slow down and be prepared to stop for crossing or oncoming traffic

night driving

- more hazardous than daytime bc can see as much w/ headlights than in daytime - headlights limit range of visibility what u can do to help u see better @ night - Use high beams whenever there's no oncoming vehicles. High beams let u see twice as far as low beams - Dim ur high beams whenever u come within about a one-block distance of oncoming vehicle. If vehicle comes toward u w/ their high beams on, flash your headlights once quickly. If the driver fails to dim their lights, look toward the right side of the road to keep from being blinded by their headlights. Don't try to "get back" at the other driver by keeping your bright lights on. If you do, both of u may be blinded, possibly causing crash use low beams when following other car, in heavy traffic, in fog or when it's snowing/raining hard - light from high beams reflect back causing glare which makes more difficult to see ahead. some cars have fog lights u can use in fog, snow or rain - avoid looking directly into oncoming headlights as this can cause blindness from glare - have ability to glance well ahead of ur headlights beams, looking for dark shapes on road - Glance occasionally to right and left to determine location of the edge of pavement and hazards that may come from the sides. - Don't wear sunglasses or colored glasses when driving at night or on dark days. Colored lenses cause your eyes to adjust even more slowly and can reduce your vision

avoiding collision w/ animals

- safest way may be to hit animals - Concentrate on regaining control of the vehicle before, during, and after the collision with the animal precautions to reduce collision w/ animal - Use caution when driving at dawn and dusk and between the months of October through December, when animals are most active - Use caution and be alert when driving on roadways marked with deer crossing signs - Look well down the road and far off to each side. Scan the sides of the road to watch for the reflection of your vehicle headlights in the eyes of animals, especially at night and near woods and water - Use flashers or a headlight signal to warn other drivers when animals are spotted on or near the road. - If you think you have time to avoid hitting an animal, reduce your speed, tap your brakes to warn other drivers and sound your horn. Deer tend to fixate on headlights so flashing them may cause the animal to freeze in the road. If there are no vehicles close behind you, brake hard, but do not lock wheels causing a skid - If a collision is inevitable, do not swerve to avoid the animal, your risk of personal injury may be greater if you do. Keep your vehicle under control and on the roadway when you hit the animal - Report the crash to the police if it involves a large animal such as a deer or farm animal. If the animal is a domestic pet and homes are nearby try to notify the pet's owner, if possible - Pets, such as dogs may also run out on the roadway. Dogs that chase vehicles tend to approach in a straight line. Slow down until the dog is near your vehicle then accelerate away from the dog as it approaches. Dogs are likely to be seen in residential, rural or farm areas

work zones

- watch traffic and be ready to react by reducing speed and obeying signs and flaggers and increasing following distance - Don't become oblivious to work zone signs when work is long term and be aware traffic patterns in work zones can change daily including lane shifts or alternating lane closures - move to proper lane at first notice of work zone - adjust lane position away from side where workers/equipment present - just because u don't see workers immediately after u see warning sign doesn't mean they're not out there. Observe posted signs until u see the one that says "End Road Work" - expect delays, plan for them and leave early to go to destination on time - when u can, avoid work zones altogether by using alternative routes