Drugs & Behavior - Test 3 - Chapter 5 & 6

Alcohol is metabolized at a rate of _______ approximately reduction in blood alcohol concentration per hour

0.015

In the United States, approximately what percentage of hospital admissions are due to medical complications related alcohol use?

25-30% or 33%(notes)

Marijuana in the urine of a regular user is detectable for

3 to 6 weeks

A key enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol is _______ and is located in the _______ and the _______

Alcohol dehydrogenase, stomach, liver

"Drinking experience, not heredity, affects a personÕs ability to tolerate a given amount of alcohol."

False

"The amount of pure alcohol (ethanol) consumed per capita is higher in the United States than in European countries, where the drinking age is 18 or younger."

False

The effects of psychedelic drugs are consistent and predictable.

False

The name of the first enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol is the alcohol dehydration enzyme

False

THC concentrations in marijuana have:

Increased

Although alcohol is absorbed at different rates, metabolism occurs at a relatively defined continuous rate.

True

Anterograde amnesia is the term used to describe an inability to remember what happened during a psychedelic trip

True

Blackouts are caused by an alcohol-induced electrochemical disruption of the brain True or False

True

Countries that engage in ÒdryÓ patterns of use consume more distilled spirits

True

Major alcohol withdrawal symptoms can develop within as short time as 7 consecutive weeks of heavy drinking.

True

Marijuana decreases testosterone production.

True

The U.S. Army carried out psychological warfare and brainwashing experiments on animals and humans with psychedelic drugs for many years.

True

The field sobriety tests used for alcohol are also used for marijuana to determine driver impairment.

True

The variation in people's reactions to alcohol is due in part to hereditary factors that affect how efficiently the body metabolizes alcohol.

True

Which of the following is not a symptom of DTs?

Vomiting Seizures, hallucinations and insomnia are all symptoms of DTs.

Prolonged use of MDMA (ecstasy) has what effect on sexual function?

decreased orgasm in men and sexual arousal in women

How long does it often take for the sense of novelty to return to chronic marijuana users who have decided to quit?

1 year

When a person who has been drinking can only partially recall the events that occurred after they began drinking, this is known as a.....

Brownouts

Which of the following would speed up the absorption rate of alcohol?

Drinking on an empty stomach

Binge drinking for women is defined as _______ drinks in one sitting

Four

"Buttons" are associated with which all-arounder?

Peyote

"_____________ tolerance occurs when the body (i.e., liver) physically adapts to alcohol use."

Dispositional

The alcoholic content of most U.S. wines is generally lower than European wines.

False

Hashish is made from

cannabis resin

Worldwide approximately what percentage of all diseases and injuries are a direct result of alcohol abuse

10%

How much more likely is it that young adults who smoked cannabis would abuse or become dependent on alcohol or other drugs than young people who never used cannabis?

2-5 times more likely

The life span of a chronic high-dose drinker is

9 to 22 years shorter than that of the general population

Alcoholics are likely to experience which of the following problems with their memory?

Both retrospective memory (past events) and prospective memory (day to day)

People who smoke marijuana commonly present with which physical ailments?

Chronic bronchitis

High-dose alcohol affects the central nervous system by ______ its function. At higher blood alcohol levels, this leads to ______ heart rate and breathing.

Decreasing;Decreased

Which of the following would slow the rate of alcohol absorption?

Diluting an alcoholic drink with water or ice or alternating every other drink with water or soda

"Easy access to alcohol, a permissive societal view of drinking, unsafe living conditions, poor nutrition, and limited access to healthcare and drug recovery programs are examples of what factors associated with increased alcohol use?"

Environmental

The national minimum legal drinking age in the United States is 21. Since 1993 the rate of underage binge drinking in the United States has

Increased 50%

DMT is categorized as which type of psychodelics?

Indole Psychedelics

Which of the following statements is true about cirrhosis?

It is caused by the toxic effects of alcohol, free radicals, and acetaldehyde

Hallucinations are common in all of the following except one:

LSD. Hallucinations are common in Mescaline, Psilocybin and PCP.

Which of the following most accurately describes the addiction profile for psychedelics such as psilocybin mushrooms, LSD, and peyote?

They do not generally produce compulsive drug-seeking behavior and are not considered addictive.

There is increasing evidence that the use of some psychedelic drugs under medically monitored conditions may effectively treat some addictions.

True

Tolerance to LSD develops quickly, within days of daily use.

True

Which trimester is the hippocampus of the embryo/fetus affected by maternal drinking?

third

A dysfunctional memory caused by marijuna use can last:

A lifetime

California can potentially generate up to 10 million dollars in taxes from marijuana sales.

False

In addition to their psychedelic effects, "all arounders" almost always depress the central nervous system.

False

Marijuana affects both short and long-term memory equally.

False

Which chemicals are most responsible for the psychedelic effects of magic mushrooms?

Psilocin and psilocybin

One of the most long-lasting effects of alcohol abuse is an inability to experience normal sexual relationships.

True

PCP can be recirculated from the body fat to the brain, causing an actual drug "flashback."

True

People who take LSD may experience flashbacks (re-experiencing symptoms of a trip) that are similar to post-traumatic stress disorder.

True

The effects of alcohol ______negative emotions such as loneliness, depression, and anger.

deepens

Which of the following are visual indications that a person may be on MDMA (ecstasy)?

dilated pupils and twitching eyelids

Which of the following is the correctly ordered progression for levels of alcohol use.

Abstention, Experimentation, Social/recreational, Habituation, Abuse, Addiction

Hyperemesis, brought on by highly potent cannabis, synthetic marijuana, or highly concentrated extracts, is characterized by:

uncontrolled vomiting

Alcohol abuse is defined as a compulsion to drink alcohol and an inability to stop drinking once you start

False

Marijuana is not addictive and does not induce compulsive use.

False

Marijuana withdrawal is as rapid as withdrawal from alcohol or heroin.

False

Prolonged heavy drinking increases sexual functioning, desire, and the intensity of orgasm.

False

Psychedelic drugs are relatively new synthetic drugs.

False

Psychedelics come only from natural plant sources.

False

Suicide rates are three-times higher among alcoholics

False

The effects of long-term alcohol abuse on physical health, neurochemistry, and cellular function are fewer and less harsh than for most other psychoactive drugs.

False

Violence will lead to temporary changes in brain chemistry

False

Withdrawal effects of marijuana include of the above EXCEPT:

Flashbacks Withdrawal effects include depression, anger and inability to concentrate.

LSD is considered to be ___________________ addictive.

NOT

Susceptibility to blackouts and brownouts is also a marker for susceptibility to alcoholism.

True

Which neurochemical is primarily released during ecstasy use?

Not Dopamine, GABA, or Acetylcholine.

LSD is a semisynthetic fungal toxin that infects rye and other cereal grasses

True

Psilocybin mushrooms cause less disassociation, panic, and psychotic reactions compared with LSD.

True

Synesthesia is defined as the crossing of senses, such as when visual input becomes sound.

True

Time seems to go by faster when under the influence of marijuana.

True

On average, the body can metabolize and eliminate 1 ounce of pure alcohol (the equivalent of about 1.5 standard drinks) in what time frame?

Three hours

A person's reaction to alcohol and level of impairment depends on that personÕs drinking history, behavioral tolerance, and mood.

True