dsgn 101 exam 1
S___ + A___ = D_____
Science + Art = Design
what is aesthetics?
a set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty, especially in art. designers are conscious of the visual value of our solutions.
what 2 components of design must be met in order for PLEASURE/HAPPINESSto be possible?
aesthetics (concern of nature & appreciation of beauty) function (easy/fun to use) (based on obj. reasoning)
how is INNOVATION a value that is added through DESIGN?
agents of change leads to evolving purposeful actions leads to innovation and change
imagination (Seelig's 6):
asking questions with more than one right answer framing & reframing problems connecting & combining ideas challenging assumptions
which factor in Seelig's innovation engine is critical for establishing confidence and contributing to one's IMAGINATION?
attitude
what are the design principles (rules of how to use elements)? (6)
balance proportion continuity (grid/regulating line) unity & variety visual weight/hierarchy focal point & emphasis
what is objective reasoning?
based of facts
what is subjective reasoning?
based on personal feelings, tastes, and opinions
aesthetics (7 components):
beauty & looks artistic taste search for form
what are the tools that landscape architects, architects, and interior designers use to ensure that the space they are designing will FUNCTION for people? (3)
building & safety codes (minimum standards for buildings & objects) (ex: stairs, ramps) americans with disabilities act (standards for public places) (ex: wheelchair access) spacial standards (behavior and functional use of space; how people use space socially) (ex: table size)
what are the tools and guides used that help designers of the built environment be sure that the spaces they make will function appropriately for people and event? (3)
building codes programmatic agencies spatial standards
context (7 components):
circumstance site & place reasons for design
Seelig spent a lot of time defining the role of IMAGINATION as it relates to innovation. Select the recommended actions Seelig says we can take to increase our imagination and direct our creativity towards innovation? (2)
connect and combine ideas frame and reframe the problem
formulate (5 activities):
constructing proposals, ideas, and potential solutions brainstorming and divergent thinking in order to formulate a proposal, one must learn the skills of identifying and framing
economy (7 components):
cost management of finances
what is invention?
creating a brand new project/idea/space/etc
how does socially responsible design add value to the world?
design can add value by envisioning a better future
what are the key MINDSETS of socially responsible design?
design for the greater good service-minded, not market driven led by social conscious embrace ethical values users are citizens, not consumers
identify which of the following are CORE characteristics to the discipline of design (4)
design is a discipline that must learn the skill and methods to integrate many components into a coherent whole design gives shape to our culture design takes on many forms design is a discipline that utilizes a distinctive process that is a mixture of creative & analytical thinking
what is environmental/sustainable design?
designing physical objects fo help the land designing with nature & ecological planning due to climate change or natural disaster relief ex: Kate Orff's reef and oyster project
what is socially responsible design?
designing with a social conscious (concern for problems or injustices) led with ethics
in order to provide pleasure and happiness, David Pye says that designers must insist on, _________ .
designs that have the best of both worlds [aesthetics and function]
attitude (Seelig's 6):
drive, motivation, and confidence quilt makers, not puzzle makers
balance (design principle):
equal distribution of parts symmetry (mirrored) vs asymmetry (not mirrored, but still balanced)
7 components of design:
ethics user aesthetics function technology context economy
_____ is one of five common activities of the design process that requires you to form an idea, or judgment of the value, or success of the solution
evaluate
T/F: design only cares about the "container", or its appearance
false
T/F: in design, creativity is the only thing that matters
false
T/F: the scientific process and the design process both require only one order of activities and allows for no variation from one problem to the next
false
T/F: when dealing with aesthetics, there are no rules, or methods that one can practice and exercise in order to ensure the likelihood of visually pleasing solutions.
false
what is humanitarian design?
focuses on working with individuals lacking basic human needs service to people (HUMANitarian) ex: Timothy Prestero's baby incubator
what is convergent thinking?
follows a particular set of logical steps to arrive at one solution
how do the 5 common activities in the design process come together?
formal strategies, circulation, and facade parallel thinking considers all parts
evaluate (5 activities):
forming a judgement on the success of a proposal in solving the problem skill of subjective and objective reasoning remembers 7 components
_____ is one of five common activities of the design process that allows the designer to make small moves towards a final proposal and generate various types of solutions as you further understand the problem and create a point of view
formulate
what are the 4 actions to use in order to direct creativity toward innovation?
framing & reframing the problem connecting & combining ideas challenge assumptions learning (knowledge is the toolbox of innovation)
Tina Seelig believes in 4 ACTIONS that help direct our creativity toward purposeful action in order to find innovative solutions. Please identify which of the following are those actions we can do as designers to direct our path of creativity.
framing and reframing problems connecting and combining ideas challenge assumptions learn (knowledge is the toolbox of innovation)
knowledge (Seelig's 6):
gain knowledge by paying attention the more you know, the more you have to work with
what is the name of the ideal proportion [5x8], that has been proven to be the ratio at which we can perceive the most amount of information in the least amount of time?
golden rectangle
what color has been proven through research to boost creativity and motivation?
green
the external ring of Seelig's innovation engine deals with how one's environment may impact innovation. Which of the following factors are related to the environmental factors of innovation? (2)
habitat resources
what is service?
helping specific user groups to better society
culture (Seelig's 6):
how failure is dealt with "background music" affects the way we feel, think, and act
function (7 components):
how it works use & purpose practicality efficiency
technology (7 components):
how it's made (made of/tools to make it) machinery & equipment
which one of the following is a TYPE of Socially Responsible Design that adds value to our world by focusing on solutions for individuals and communities lacking basic human needs such as food, water, shelter, and safety.
humanitarian
what are the 3 main types of socially responsible design?
humanitarian design community activism design environmental/sustainable design
what are Tina Seelig's 6 characteristics of creative people? (innovation engine)
imagination knowledge attitude habitat resources culture
what is creative thinking?
imaginative experimental artistic solution focused
to ______, is to make changes in something already established.
innovate
what are the design elements (basic units of composition)? (5)
lines shape/plane (platonic/geometric vs organic) space (volume) texture color
manage (5 activities):
make a conscious effort to keep the design
what is innovation?
making changes to something that is already established
ethics (7 components):
moral principles responsible, safe, & eco friendly being aware
what are the 5 common activities in the design process?
move represent evaluate manage formulate
move (5 activities):
move from problem to solution move through different activities moves through the design process are episodic in order to move through the process, designers must have the skills to manage uncertainty
what was the industrial revolutions role in influencing the design process?
new opportunities new problems quick work designers took risks
what is community activism design?
participation of community catalyze change of community (the needs of the community) ex: Emily Pilloton's school in Bertie county and project H
what is a discipline?
particular branch of knowledge that has a particular set of skills and processes
Seelig believes that KNOWLEDGE is the toolbox for to your imagination. Seelig believes that one of the most important ways to obtain knowledge, is to ___ __________.
pay attention
habitat (Seelig's 6):
people you work with; rewards; physical space playful & collaborative environment is best for creativity
resources (Seelig's 6):
people, natural resources, processes, community more than just money
when speaking about ATTITUDE, Seelig believes that having the mindset of a ____ ____ will increase your ability to think innovatively.
quilt maker
what is function?
relating to the way in which something works or operates. designers of the built environment do not create sculpture, but beautiful structures and spaces that work well.
proportion (design principle):
relation in objects in size or amount golden rectangle: 5x8 rectangle; squares within rule of thirds: asymmetrical balance in 3's
what is social conscious?
responsibility/concern for problems and injustices
what is framing the problem?
selectively viewing the problem from a particular perspective- narrows field
which of the following are distinctive MINDSETS of SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE DESIGN? (3)
service minded addresses political, social, and environmental issues led by social conscious
what is the eureka effect?
sudden realizations common misconception about the design process
what is analytical thinking?
systematic logical methodical problem focused
what is empathy?
the ability to understand and share the feelings of another. having empathy allows us to design with the USER in mind, not just ourselves.
what is context?
the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea, and in terms of which it can be fully understood and assessed.
how is the design process different than the scientific method?
the design process is strategic, not systematic not a set guide to get from problem to solution
what is divergent thinking?
thought process used to generate creative ideas by exploring many solutions
T/F: Hosey is making an argument that the potential of aesthetics can not just be good to look at, but good for your physical and mental health and wellness.
true
T/F: Pye suggests that design adds value to our lives by providing us with feeling of happiness.
true
T/F: design has a responsibility to promote positive change for people and promote advancement for society
true
T/F: design is about creative problem solving
true
T/F: through aesthetic science and research, it has been discovered that what we find beautiful is connected to patterns and proportions found in nature.
true
what are the QUALITIES & CHARACTERISTICS for socially responsible design projects?
user & ethics focused (empathy) extreme affordability low-tech focused on local about seeking (seek out the projects/problems)
user (7 components):
who it's for making it easy for EVERYONE empathy & user centered design universal- broadest spectrum of users
how can design promote happiness?
with aesthetics and function design for happiness through memory/nostalgia design for astonishment/delight