EAQ

A child is prescribed methylphenidate (Ritalin) for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which instruction should the nurse give to the parent or caregiver as precautionary step to be followed while taking the medication? "Provide dark chocolate once per day." "Give your child the medication before going to sleep." "Monitor your child's weight twice a week." "Stop giving the medication once the symptoms have subsided."

"Monitor your child's weight twice a week." Methylphenidate (Ritalin) may cause weight loss due to its appetite-suppressant effects. Therefore, the parents of a client taking this drug should be instructed to check their child's weight twice a week. Caffeine-containing foods such as chocolate should be avoided because methylphenidate (Ritalin) may increase the effect of caffeine. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) should not be taken before sleep because it may cause insomnia. The client should not abruptly stop getting the drug because it may lead to severe withdrawal symptoms.

A child has been taking methylphenidate (Ritalin) for two months. The child's parent tells the nurse, "Each time I go to get my child's medication, the pharmacist asks me to get a new prescription. Why is this so?" What will the nurse explain to the parent? "This drug has many side effects." "This drug causes amenorrhea." "This drug causes hallucinations." "This drug has the risk of causing abuse."

"This drug has the risk of causing abuse." Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is an amphetamine drug that is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. This drug has a high risk of abuse, so a new prescription is required for getting the medication. Most of the over-the-counter medications taken for common conditions cause side effects and may not require prescription. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) does not induce sleep or cause hallucinations. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is a CNS stimulant; it does not affect the estrogen production, so it does not cause amenorrhea.

Which drug is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? Orlistat (Xenical) Modafinil (Provigil) Sumatriptan (Imitrex) Dextroamphetamine (Adderall)

Dextroamphetamine (Adderall) Dextroamphetamine (Adderall) is the drug used in the treatment of ADHD; it stimulates the central nervous system (CNS) and increases alertness. Orlistat (Xenical) is used for treating obesity. Modafinil (Provigil) is the drug used for the treatment of narcolepsy. Sumatriptan (Imitrex) is used in the treatment of acute migraine headache attack.

What is the half-life of caffeine? One hour Five hours Three hours Seven hours

Five hours The half-life of caffeine is five hours. It is longer than one or three hours but shorter than seven.

Which medication is most frequently prescribed to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? Modafinil (Provigil) Armodafinil (Nuvigil) Methylphenidate (Ritalin) Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)

Methylphenidate (Ritalin) Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is an amphetamine-like drug most frequently prescribed to treat ADHD. Modafinil (Provigil) is an amphetamine-like drug used to treat narcolepsy rather than ADHD. Armodafinil (Nuvigil) is used to treat narcolepsy; it is not used to treat ADHD. Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) is an amphetamine that may be sometimes prescribed for ADHD; however, it is not the most prescribed drug for ADHD.

The nurse is caring for a patient who describes symptoms indicative of narcolepsy. The nurse recognizes that the physician is most likely to order which medication for the patient? Phentermine-topiramate (Qsymia) Diethylpropion HCl (Tenuate) Modafinil (Provigil) Benzphetamine HCl (Didrex)

Modafinil (Provigil) Modafinil (Provigil) is indicated for treatment of narcolepsy. The other medications are not.

Which disorder is treated by the drug modafinil (Provigil)? Narcolepsy Cluster headache Migraine headache Attention deficit/hyperactive disorder

Narcolepsy Modafinil (Provigil) is used to treat narcolepsy. It increases the amount of time the patient feels alert. Ergot alkaloid rather than modafinil (Provigil) is used to treat cluster headaches. Drugs such as sumatriptan (Imitrex) are used in the treatment of migraine headaches. Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin) is used to treat attention deficit/hyperactive disorder.

The patient has been prescribed doxapram HCl (Dopram). The nurse recognizes that this medication is intended as what? Antiemetic agent Appetite suppressant Treatment for obesity Respiratory stimulant

Respiratory stimulant Dopram treats respiratory depression caused by drug overdose, and pre/post anesthetic respiratory depression. It is used with caution and can stimulate the cardiovascular system and central nervous system; however it is used as a respiratory stimulant.

What do anorexiants suppress by stimulating the hypothalamic and limbic regions of the brain? Pain Libido Appetite Hyperactivity

Appetite Anorexiants cause a stimulant effect on the hypothalamic and limbic regions of the brain to suppress appetite. They do not suppress pain, libido, or hyperactivity.

Which disorder commonly seen in children under 7 years of age is often treated with amphetamine-like drugs? Obesity Narcolepsy Respiratory distress Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) ADHD is commonly seen in children under 7 years of age and is often treated with amphetamine-like drugs. Obesity may be treated with anorexiants, narcolepsy may be treated with amphetamine and amphetamine-like drugs, and respiratory distress may be treated with analeptics.

When examining a prescription, the nurse finds that the primary health care provider has prescribed methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin) to the patient. What diagnosis of the patient led to this prescription, according to the nurse? Select all that apply. The patient is obese. The patient has respiratory problems. The patient has a short attention span. The patient's impulsiveness has interfered with peer relationships. The client has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

The patient has a short attention span. The patient's impulsiveness has interfered with peer relationships. Methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin) is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. The short attention span and impulsiveness of the patient can be treated with methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin). Anorexiants deal with obesity in a client. Doxapram (Dopram), a CNS and respiratory stimulant, can be administered in a patient with respiratory problems and a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

The primary health care provider prescribes theophylline to an adult patient. What does the nurse anticipate is the reason behind the administration of this medication to the patient? The patient has been suffering from a cold. The patient has been suffering from obesity. The patient has been suffering from cardiac problems. The patient has been suffering from irritation of the bronchioles.

The patient has been suffering from irritation of the bronchioles. Theophylline falls under the category of analeptics, which are central nervous system (CNS) stimulants. This medication is provided to adult patients for the relaxation of the bronchioles. Phenylpropanolamine, which belongs to the anorexiants category, used to be prescribed to patients suffering from colds, but it has been removed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Both lipase inhibitors and anorexiants are used for fighting obesity and weight loss, respectively. Caffeine is administered to infants suffering from respiratory problems, and respiratory stimulants such as Doxapram (Dopram) are used to treat respiratory depression caused by drug overdose, preanesthetic and postanesthetic respiratory depression, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults.

A patient has been prescribed methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin). What are the expected outcomes for the patient? Select all that apply. The patient's weight will increase. The patient's hyperactivity will decrease. The patient's attention span will increase. The patient's blood pressure will decrease. The patient's respiratory rate will improve.

The patient's hyperactivity will decrease. The patient's attention span will increase. Methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin) is an amphetamine-like drug used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Therefore, the use of this drug will likely improve symptoms of ADHD such as decreasing hyperactivity and improving attention span. The patient's weight may decrease rather than increase after continuous use of methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin). An adverse effect of this medication is hypertension rather than hypotension. Methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin) has no or little effect on respiratory rate.