Earth In The Solar System (Kepler, Seasons, Phases) Summative

What Earth-Sun-Moon alignment would produce greater tidal fluctuations?

Sun-Earth-Moon 45 Degree Angle

Daily tidal fluctuations are caused by gravitational influences and the relative position between ______________.

The Earth, Sun & Moon

What is happening to the orbital velocity of Earth as it gets closer to the sun?

It is getting faster

Four planets, called A, B, C and D, have orbital periods as shown in the table above. Which planet is closest to the sun?

Planet B

The image above shows Pluto in its counterclockwise orbit around the Sun. Pluto's orbit is highlighted in red. Which of the following statements is true?

Pluto is speeding up

The asteroid belt is region between Mars and Jupiter that contains a multitude of large rocks and planetary fragments called asteroids. Most asteroids are about 3 AU from the Sun. What is the best estimate of the orbital period of a typical asteroid?

9.0 Earth years

Match the following descriptions for the NORTHERN HEMISPHEREto the correct label in the image above:

1. Which position shows summer solstice? Answer: 2.Which position shows winter solstice? Answer: 3.Which position shows spring equinox? Answer: 4.Which position shows autumnal equinox? Answer:

Match the following descriptions to the correct label:

1.Waxing Gibbous Answer: 2.Waning Crescent Answer: 3.Full Moon Answer: 4.First Quarter Answer:

What are the two main ways the tilt of the Earth causes the 4 seasons?

1.the intensity of the light and solstice in June as the Earth rotates around the sun 2.the intensity of the light and the equinox in autumn as the Earth changes its position around the sun

Approximately how many days does it take the moon to go through a complete cycle, lunar month?

29.5 days

Earth travels fastest in January and slowest in July. What is the most likely explanation for this?

Earth is nearest the Sun in July and farthest away in January

Earth has seasons because

Earth's axis is tilted as it moves around the sun

Day and night are caused by

Earth's rotation on its axis

What does Kepler's first law call the paths that planets follow as they orbit the sun?

Ellipse

Along with angular momentum, what predominate force was responsible for the formation of objects in our solar system and is responsible for governing Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion?

Gravity

At position 4, is the speed of the planet increasing, decreasing or staying the same as time goes on?

Increasing

Why do we always see the same side of the moon from Earth?

because it rotates and revolves at the same rate

A solar eclipse is most likely to occur when the

Moon is located between the sun and the earth

When it is autumn in North America, what season is it in Antarctica?

Summer

Which of the following best describes how a planet's orbital period will change (if at all) when its distance to the central star is doubled?

The planet's orbital period will double.

If Earth's orbit of the sun was more circular, what would happen to the variation in the amount of solar energy Earth receives during the year?

The variation in solar energy received would decrease.

Kepler's third law describes the relationship between the average distance of a planet from the sun and which property of the planet's motion?

orbital period

The image above is showing a planet revolving around the Sun in a circular pattern, which one of Kepler's laws would NEGATE this image?

Kepler's First Law of Motion

In the Northern Hemisphere, what best explains the following statements: the coldest temperatures are after the winter solstice the most solar energy is received during the summer solstice but it's not incredibly warmer until a few months later The Earth takes a long time to cool down & a long time to heat up

Seasonal Progression

From new moon to full moon phase you see

an increasing amount of the lighted side of the moon

All of the following are most likely causes of glacial periods over the past 2 million years, Except?

decrease in tilt of Earth's axis