Earth Science Chapter 14 Assessment

Why is it uncommon to find calcareous ooze in in deep-ocean basins?

Calcium carbonate organisms once seeking deeper water of about 45000 they dissolve and disappear before they hit the bottom

From which area of the ocean basin are the resources of oil and natural gas harvested?

Continental Shelf

What is a continental shelf? What economic significance do continental shelves have?

Continental shelf is the gently sloping submerged surface extending from the shoreline to basin. Significance of this is that continental shelve contain important mineral deposits, large reservoirs of oil and natural gas and huge sand and gravel deposits

Approximately what percentage of Earth's surface is covered by oceans?

D. 70

Compare and contrast deep-ocean trenches and mid-ocean ridges.

Deep-ocean trenches are long narrow creases in the ocean floor that form at deepest part of the ocean and form at sites of plate convergence where one moving plate descends beneath another and plunges back into the mantle. Mid-ocean ridges are near the center of most ocean basins. It an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed newly formed ocean crust

Explain the process by which hydrogenous sediments are formed.

Minerals that crystallize directly from sea water from ocean water through various chemical reactions

Why is multibeam sonar more efficient than simple sonar at collecting data from the ocean floor?

More efficient because has more than one sound source and listening devices

In which ocean basin are most trenches found? Why?

Pacific ocean because trenches occur in the subduction zones and the Pacific contains most of them

What are the uses for sand and gravel harvested from the continental shelf?

Used for landfill, to fill in recreational beaches, and to make concrete

What current disadvantages exist to using as hydrates as a form of energy?

rapidly break down (evaporate) at surface temperatures and pressures

Which ocean basin is the largest?

C. the Pacific

Why is Earth called the "blue planet"?

71% earth covered by water.

Important mineral deposits including large reservoirs of oil and natural gas are associated with

A. ocean basin floor

Submarine canyons are believed to have been created by

A. rivers during the ice age

The gently sloping submerged surface that extends from the shoreline toward the ocean basin floor is the continental

A. shelf

Sediments that consist of mineral grains that were eroded from continental rocks are called

A. terrigenous

Calcareous ooze is an example of

B. biogenous sediment

Economically valuable materials such as diamonds, tin, and platinum are associated with which ocean floor resource?

B. sand and gravel

The use of sound waves to determine the depth of the ocean is called

B. sonar

What is bathymetry? What techniques do scientists use to discover more about the bathymetry of ocean basins?

Bathymetry is the measurement of ocean depths and charting shape of on topography of ocean floor. Techniques would be sonar, satellites, submersibles

What could gas hydrates be used for?

C. as a source of energy

What is the difference between terrigenous sediments and biogenous sediments?

Terrigenous sediments originate from land and consist of mineral grains eroded from continental rocker. Biogenies consist of shells and skeletons of marine animals and algae.

Compare and contrast the size and topography of the Atlantic Ocean basin to that of the Pacific Ocean basin.

The Atlantic Ocean sits in an S-shaped basin that runs in a north-south direction, bounded by Europe and Africa on the east and by North and South America on the west. An ocean basin is a large, deep depression that gradually slopes towards the sea floor, forming the shape of a basin.