EBP Practice Questions (Chapter 1-19)

Which of the following demonstrate the importance of nursing gaining an understanding of existing research on a specific topic? (select all that apply) (Ch.3)

#1

The agency for healthcare research and quality (AHRQ) has what purpose(s)? (select all that apply) (Ch.3)

#2

The cycle of transmission of disease from the host to the agent can be broken with what three steps? (Ch.8)

1. Immunizations 2. Isolation 3. Treatment

Which of the following is an example of a data source appropriate for a historical research study? (Ch.9) A. Newspaper databases B. late-breaking news reports C. annual reports D. eyewitness accounts

A. Newspaper databases C. annual reports D. eyewitness accounts

An endemic disease is best defined as: (Ch.8) A. a disease that is localized to a particular geographic area B. a disease that is localized to a particular body organ or system C. a disease that is global with no geographic limitations D. a disease that has no known successful cure

A. a disease that is localized to a particular geographic area

Which of the following are characteristics of an innovator in nursing? (select all that apply). (Ch.17) A. a sense of inquiry B. flexibility to change C. awareness of self and of the unit D. good communication skills

A. a sense of inquiry B. flexibility to change C. awareness of self and of the unit D. good communication skills

Which of the following is an example of a study focused on patient-related outcomes? (Ch.18) A. a study on the effect of patients smoking after caesarian section B. a study of the effect of antibiotics administered prior to a caesarian section C. a study on the effect of ambulation 1 hour after a caesarian section D. a study on the effect of fluid administration during a caesarian section

A. a study on the effect of patients smoking after caesarian section

Factorial design is an experimental design that: (Ch.7) A. allows researchers to manipulate more than one intervention B. allows researchers to explain the data and findings using a factor outside of the study. C. allows researchers to change the hypothesis during the study D. provides researchers the option to manipulate the dependent variable

A. allows researchers to manipulate more than one intervention

Descriptive studies aim to provide information about a phenomenon and often lack which of the following? (Ch.15) A. an independent variable B. a dependent variable C. a hypothesis D. data collection

A. an independent variable

When applying research to practice, it is important for nurses to think carefully about what three aspects of evidence-based practice incorporation? (select all that apply). (Ch.16) A. applied B. communicated C. disseminated D. interpreted

A. applied B. communicated C. disseminated

A nurse maintains professional integrity by doing which of the following? (select all that apply). (Ch.17) A. attending conferences that align with nursing specialty B. building a resume that accurately represents abilities C. having a positive attitude while working D. mentoring less experienced nurses

A. attending conferences that align with nursing specialty B. building a resume that accurately represents abilities D. mentoring less experienced nurses

Three nurses are going to collaborate on a research project on decreasing postoperative infections. Which of the following is considered one of the first steps the nurses should engage in? (Ch.19) A. authorship responsibilities B. content of findings C. participation population D. schedule for data analysis

A. authorship responsibilities

BLANK is the comparison of organizational outcome data to other organizations or national databases. (Ch.18) A. benchmarking B. standardizing C. researching D. quality improvement

A. benchmarking

Which of the following would be a threat to external validity? (Ch.6) A. Bias B. Maturation C. Mortality D. Testing

A. bias

Which of the following are examples of how nurse executives should be involved in EBP implementation? (choose all that apply). (Ch.2)

A. celebrate success in staff adopting EBP. B. ensure individual recognition is provided to early adopters of EBP

An ICU nurse has been working on her unit for 5 years and is very passionate about ICU nursing. She gets along with the other staff on her unit and is respected for her knowledge of complicated disease processes and excellent bedside care. This nurse possesses characteristics of a(n) BLANK . (select all that apply). (Ch.17) A. change champion B. innovator C. practitioner D. researcher

A. change champion B. innovator

BLANK is an effective and efficient method to collect data from large populations. A manageable sample is obtained by randomly selecting elements form larger to smaller groups or subsets of a population. (Ch.11) A. cluster sampling B. stratified random sampling C. probability sampling D. simple random sampling

A. cluster sampling

Which of the following is an example of benchmarking? (Ch.18) A. comparison of an individual hospital's readmission rates for pneumonia and the CMS readmission rates for pneumonia on a national level B. comparison of nursing hours worked and number of patient assessments completed in a given 12 hour shift C. comparison of nursing empathy and patient diagnosis in the emergency department D. comparison of patient infection rates and nursing hand washing rates on a designated unit.

A. comparison of an individual hospital's readmission rates for pneumonia and the CMS readmission rates for pneumonia on a national level

This is best defined as scholarly papers exploring the attributes and characteristics of a concept. (Ch.12) A. concept analyses B. case study C. synopsis D. synthesis

A. concept analyses

Percentages that estimate the probability of inferences in a study being correct are reported as: (Ch.13) A. confidence intervals B. standard deviations C. percentiles D. correlations

A. confidence intervals

A clinician decides to adopt a new preventative care measure because several studies report similar findings. Which of the AHRQ's domains was used by this clinician? (Ch.15) A. consistency B. control C. quality D. quantity

A. consistency

Experimental designs also involve randomization of the BLANK ,allowing results to be compared to the group receiving the experimental intervention. (Ch.6) A. control group B. study data C. participant age D. control variable

A. control group

BLANK are changes in disease patterns that are often predictable and recur over time and are seen more readily in health care, particularly as they relate to infectious diseases.(Ch.8) A. cyclical trends B. annual trends C. time trends D. circular trends

A. cyclical trends

Which of the following is an example of rejection? (Ch.15) A. deciding not to adopt an innovation B. choosing not to research an innovation C. deciding not to replicate a study of a new innovation D. Using an innovation then rejecting it after failure in practice

A. deciding not to adopt an innovation

Which type of statistics explains characteristics of variables found in a sample and describes, summarizes, and synthesizes collected data? (Ch.13) A. descriptive B. inferential C. explanatory D. intuitive

A. descriptive

Career development is best defined as: (Ch.17) A. experience and education that contributes to one's professional growth B. classes and opportunities to provide community service C. experience and opportunities that encourage higher pay rates D. collaboration with union nurses allowing for collective bargaining

A. experience and education that contributes to one's professional growth

When software is used to help with data analysis, it is important to continually revisit the data throughout all stages of analysis. Waiting until later stages of data analysis before performing queries in the software program can result in: (Ch.9) A. inconsistencies in the results B. bias in the results C. ethical issues with the findings D. program malfunctions

A. inconsistencies in the results

A nurse innovator wants to have greater access to evidence-based practice research. Which of the following is a way for the nurse to gain access? (Ch.17) A. join a specialty nursing organization B. find a job that allows the nurse to work as a researcher. C. Volunteer to be a participant in research studies D. go back to school for an advanced degree

A. join a specialty nursing organization

Qualitative data are made up of words rather than numbers; therefore, data analysis data will be BLANK. (select all that apply). (Ch.14) A. more subjective B. more labor intensive C. more straightforward D. more objective

A. more subjective B. more labor intensive

Common barriers to implementing evidence-based practice include which of the following? (select all that apply). (Ch.16) A. organizational culture B. nurses' belief systems related to practice C. research-related barriers D. lack of available research to implement into practice

A. organizational culture B. nurses' belief systems related to practice C. research-related barriers

Which of the following statements about practice are true? (choose all that apply). (Ch.5)

A. practice relies on research and theory B. practice provides a foundation for theory development C. practice provides questions to guide needed research

Which of the following is an example of dissemination? (select all that apply). (Ch.19) A. presenting results of a study in a poster presentation B. presenting results of a study as a speaker in a presentation C. printing and filling results of research studies in a personal file D. sharing results of a study on a blog

A. presenting results of a study in a poster presentation B. presenting results of a study as a speaker in a presentation D. sharing results of a study on a blog

Which of the following are well aligned with collaborative processes in a healthcare facility? (choose all that apply) (Ch.2)

A. quality improvement committees C. implementation of EBP D. education on new or revised policies and standards

This is best described as the ability of another researcher to essentially do the same study with similar results; this helps to validate the original researcher's findings. (Ch.14) A. replication B. repetition C. factoring D. clustering

A. replication

A researcher studies the relationship between Reiki therapy and pain relief. The researcher conducts seven trials and observes that the statistical results vary greatly from one trial to the next. This variance is an example of: (Ch.13) A. sampling error B. multivariate analysis C. nonsignificant findings D. standard deviation

A. sampling error

When planning for data collection the researcher should consider creating a timeline. What elements should be included in the timeline? (Ch.10) A. the time consent is obtained to the completion of the data collection B. the time consent is obtained to the publication of the findings C. the first set of data collected to the last set of data collected D. the first set of data collected to the publication of the findings

A. the time consent is obtained to the completion of the data collection

In nursing studies, the intervention is conducted with the experimental group, while the control group receives what? (Ch.7) A. the usual standard of care B. the intervention being tested C. a combination of the intervention and standard of care D. No care or intervention is provided

A. the usual standard of care

What is the purpose of using software in handling qualitative data? (select all that apply). (Ch.14) A. to help compare and contrast data B. to help manage large amounts of data C. to help determine labels for data D. to help sort data

A. to help compare and contrast data B. to help manage large amounts of data D. to help sort data

Which of the following is an example of random sampling for a study on the impact of nurse-to-patient ratio on patient safety in the United States? (Ch.6) A. All healthcare facilities affiliated with medical schools in the United States have the same probability of being selected to be included in the study. B. All healthcare facilities in the US have the same probability of being selected to be included in the study. C. All healthcare facilities in the United States were asked to participate in the study. D. All healthcare facilities in the United States reflect all levels of the diversity of the population of interest in the study.

B. All healthcare facilities in the US have the same probability of being selected to be included in the study.

Which of the following are potential threats to internal validity? (Ch.6) A. Environment B. History C. Mortality D. Maturation

B. History C. Mortality D. Maturation

Within the nursing profession there is evidence of changing expectations as noted by the American Nurses Association (ANA) in the development of what program database? (Ch.16) A. Nursing Practice Quality of Care Indicators B. Nursing Quality Indicators C. Nursing Care Indicators D. Nursing Quality Database

B. Nursing Quality Indicators

In which of the following situations would history be considered a threat to internal validity? (Ch.6) A. there is a loss of subjects before the study is completed B. The dependent variable is influenced by an event that occurred during the study. C. A pretest influences the way subjects respond on a posttest. D. Subjects change by growing or maturing.

B. The dependent variable is influenced by an event that occurred during the study.

A study is designed to research the effect of diet on patients younger than 38 years with high blood pressure and no other medical issues. Which of the following would be in the target population? (Ch.11) A. a 38 year old man with hypertension and psoriasis B. a 37 year old man with hypertension C. a 37 year old man with hypertension and obesity D. a 40 year old man with hypertension

B. a 37 year old man with hypertension

Which of the following is an example of a synopsis? (Ch.12) A. finding section of a study B. abstract of a study C. future research implications section of a study D. references section of a study

B. abstract of a study

BLANK is the international development instrument to evaluate clinical practice guidelines. (Ch.15) A. agree I B. agree II C. agree III D. agree IV

B. agree II

A researcher is planning a quantitative study on blood pressure and will utilize five research assistants to collect the data. To ensure best practice, the researcher will use what format to train the research assistants?(Ch.10) A. no specific training is required if all assistants know how to take blood pressure B. all assistance should be trained to take blood pressures in a consistent manner using the same instruments and the same context C. all assistants should receive an email with data collection directions D. all assistants will be trained by a healthcare professional in their area

B. all assistance should be trained to take blood pressures in a consistent manner using the same instruments and the same context

Which of the following is an example of lifelong learning in nursing? (Select all that apply). (Ch.17) A. providing quality patient care B. attending available courses on nursing interventions C. obtaining an advanced degree D. subscribing to and reading peer-reviewed nursing journals

B. attending available courses on nursing interventions C. obtaining an advanced degree D. subscribing to and reading peer-reviewed nursing journals

The first step for a practicing nurse to create and engage in helping other transition to evidence-based practice is which of the following? (Ch.16) A. conduct a thorough literature review B. conduct an assessment of the practice environment C. create a mandatory research and journal club D. take a nursing research course to expand her understanding

B. conduct an assessment of the practice environment

Which of the following approaches to report qualitative data, provide a personal account. (select all that apply). (Ch.14) A. realist tales B. confessional tales C. impressionist tales D. monograph

B. confessional tales C. impressionist tales

Participatory process involving indicators that measure quality defines which of the following? (Ch.18) A. immediate quality improvement B. continuous quality improvement C. long-term outcomes measurement D. short-term outcomes measurement

B. continuous quality improvement

BLANK refer to the raw number of health phenomena under investigation and would include health events such as births, cases of a disease, and deaths. (Ch.8) A. measurments B. count data C. information data D. statistical data

B. count data

A research study on the effects of a new fall risk assessment tool on the prevention of falls randomly assigns older adult patients to either the group that receives the new fall tool. What type of research design is this an example of? (Ch.7) A. Correlational B. Experimental C. Nonexperimental D. Quasi-experimental

B. experimental

In a(n) BLANK research design, some of the patients are given a certain drug and other patients are given a placebo. (Ch.6) A. dependent B. experimental C. independent D. nonexperimental

B. experimental

Case studies can be exploratory, but they are typically descriptive or explanatory and answer what type of research questions? (select all that apply) (Ch.12) A. when B. how C. why D. where

B. how C. why

BLANK is an overconfidence and exuberance for one's interpretations of the data that could potentially influence or cloud the accuracy of conceptual development. (Ch.9) A. bracketing B. hubris C. interpretation bias D. participant observation

B. hubris

A nurse researcher is studying hypertension rates for adult diabetic patients after hospitalization. Which of the following would study nursing-sensitive outcomes? (Ch.18) A. hypertension rates for patient who met with a nutritionist B. hypertension rates for patients who had nursing-led hypertension education C. hypertension rates for patients who started an exercise plan D. hypertension rates for patients who made significant diet changes

B. hypertension rates for patients who had nursing-led hypertension education

Which of the following is an example of a data collection method appropriate for an ethnographic research study? (Ch.9) A. performing an internet search B. immersing in the environment being studied to collect observed data C. sending out questionaires D. conducting phone surveys of individual participants

B. immersing in the environment being studied to collect observed data

A nursing BLANK is one who is willing to try new things in practice, using evidence, to enhance the quality of patient care and to foster nursing knowledge. (Ch.17) A. researcher B. innovator C. leader D. manager

B. innovator

BLANK is best defined as a statistical procedure, which involves quantitatively pooling the data from a group of independent studies that have studied the same or similar clinical problems, using the same or similar research methods. (Ch.12) A. exploration analysis B. meta-analysis C. meta-synthesis D. concept analyses

B. meta-analysis

In case control studies two groups are compared; what is the difference between the two groups? (Ch.15) A. one group gets an experimental intervention, one does not. B. one group has a specific condition, one does not C. one group is random, the other group is not D. one group is controlled, the other is not

B. one group has a specific condition, one does not

Which occurs first: axial coding or open coding? (Ch.14) A. axial coding B. open coding C. they occur at the same time D. they can occur in any order

B. open coding

This is best defined as adopting an innovation on a trail basis. (Ch.15) A. adoption B. pilot C. active adoption D. passive adoption

B. pilot

A nurse has been accepted to present a poster presentation at a national conference in a different state. In preparation, the nurse would have the poster professionally printed the nurse and: (Ch.19) A. mail a second copy of the professionally printed poster to the hotel B. put a copy of the presentation on a flash drive C. email a copy of the acceptance letter to the hotel ensuring a hotel room is reserved D. ensure a peer at home has a copy of the presentation if needed

B. put a copy of the presentation on a flash drive

Which of the following is an example of grounded theory method in research? (Ch.9) A. researching the cause of breast cancer B. researching how patients emotionally deal with a breast cancer diagnosis C. researching the best chemotherapy to treat breast cancer D. researching the best prevention intervention for breast cancer

B. researching how patients emotionally deal with a breast cancer diagnosis

To recruit participants for a research study, the nurse researcher has asked current participants for referrals of other potential participants. This is an example of what type of sampling? (Ch.11) A. cluster sampling B. snowball sampling C. stratified random sampling D. simple random sampling

B. snowball sampling

Which EBP model focuses upon how individual practitioners adopt research findings at the bedside? (Ch.16) A. nightingale B. stetler C. CURN D. Iowa

B. stetler

BLANK are behaviors that collaboratively engage others while working toward a goal. (Ch.17) A. collaboration skills and practice B. team leadership skills C. autocratic management skills D. individual career building skills

B. team leadership skills

Epidemiological studies involve which of the following fundamental assumptions? (Ch.8) A. detriments of the disease being studied are rarely identified. B. the disease being studied does not occur at random C. the disease being studied is genetic in nature D. the disease being studied can be cured.

B. the disease being studied does not occur at random

Which of the following is true of descriptive designs?(Ch.7) A. the researcher creates an environment in which to study the patient. B. the researcher does not manipulate the variables C. the researcher studies the relationship between two or more variables D. the researcher tests a hypothesized theoretical model.

B. the researcher does not manipulate the variables

How many different types of Cochrane reviews are there? (Ch.12) A. two B. three C. four D. six

B. three

What should an oral presenter be sure to include at the end of a nursing research presentation? (Ch.19) A. time for clarification of mistakes B. time for questions from the audience C. expectations for the audience to incorporate the presentation into their practice D. suggestions for improvement on the presentation

B. time for questions from the audience

In a normal distribution with standard deviations, how is the area designated in which 47.5% of scores are higher than the mean and 47.5% are lower than the mean? (Ch.13) A. one standard deviation above and below B. two standard deviations above and below C. three standard deviations above and below D. the score reflecting the mean, median, and mode

B. two standard deviations above and below

Time constraints make is a challenge to disseminate new knowledge and implement best practice changes in healthcare settings. To overcome this challenge, attention should be given to which of the following? (select all that apply). (Ch.19) A. where information should be disseminated B. what information should be disseminated C. who should receive the information D. how nurses can effectively access the information

B. what information should be disseminated C. who should receive the information D. how nurses can effectively access the information

Phenomenology focuses on the human experience, meaning that the nurse asks BLANK a particular phenomenon has occurred. (Ch.9) A. how B. why C. when D. where

B. why

Which of the following are guidelines to ensure that medical research is conducted in a manner consistent with the principles the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research identified? (Ch.2)

Belmont Report

Healthcare organizations are required to provide examples of nurse-sensitive quality indicators as part of the application process for, or for maintenance of: (Ch.18) A. Joint Commission accrediation B. forces of Magnetism C. Magnet recognition D. benchmarking participation

C. Magnet recognition

Who would be the best choice for precepting a new graduate nurse on an oncology unit? (Ch.17) A. A nurse who has been working on the unit for 6 months with previous experience in an outpatient pediatric unit B. a nurse who graduated 1 year ago and works charge on the night shift 2 nights a week C. a nurse who has been working on the unit for 5 years, works charge nurse, and is on the QI team D. a nurse who has worked on the unit 4 years, is in an NP education program,, and going through a tough divorce

C. a nurse who has been working on the unit for 5 years, works charge nurse, and is on the QI team

Which of the following is the simplest level of research analysis of qualitative data that only explain the phenomenon? (Ch.14) A. descriptive B. developing a synthesis C. a priori framework D. case variance

C. a priori framework

The nurse researcher has defined the target population for a study as females younger than age 40 who have had infertility of unknown cause for over 12 months with no surgical intervention. The nurse now needs to determine what related to the target population? (Ch.11) A. available population B. participating population C. accessible population D. appropriate population

C. accessible population

A research nurse is in the final phase of completing a research study manuscript and wants to get an expert opinion of the manuscript. Which of the following best defines and expert? (Ch.19) A. a peer involved in the research study B. a physician in the discipline being studied C. an individual with advanced degree in nursing D. a participant of the research study

C. an individual with advanced degree in nursing

Which of the following is an example of adopting? (Ch.15) A. testing a new innovation for replication B. reading journals to learn about new innovations C. applying new innovation in practice D. Researching the concept behind new innovation

C. applying new innovation in practice

BLANK is a unique methodology used in qualitative research that may also be considered a design or strategy for data collection. (Ch.9) A. qualitative research B. historical research C. case study D. epidemiology

C. case study

The nurse understands that nursing research is essential to ensure that BLANK occurs, resulting in high-quality health care with beneficial outcomes. (Ch.11) A. research-based practice B. science-based practice C. evidence-based practice D. evidence-based outcomes

C. evidence-based practice

An example of nonpropositional nursing knowledge would include a nurse using interventions for nausea based on: (Ch.12) A. findings from a research study B. knowledge in a textbook C. experience in patient care D. suggestions form a physician

C. experience in patient care

The nurse researcher is aware that the most valued research study design in creating evidence-based practice is which of the following designs? (Ch.7) A. Qualitative B. correlational C. experimental D. quasi-experimental

C. experimental

When formulating labels for codes, themes, or patterns, it is always best to try to use what type of language? (Ch.14) A. language to match the hypothesis B. language to match the research problem C. language to match the participant responses D. language to match the discipline

C. language to match the participant responses

Four categories are used to describe BLANK :nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. (Ch.10) A. scale B. survey C. measurement D. data

C. measurement

BLANK is the analysis of a group of qualitative studies. (Ch.12) A. exploration analysis B. meta-analysis C. meta-synthesis D. concept analyses

C. meta-synthesis

A nurse researcher designs a study to determine the effect of ambulation 1 hour after caesarian section on the patient and newborn. This is an example of what type of research? (Ch.18) A. quantitative research B. qualitative research C. outcomes research D. evidence-based research

C. outcomes research

Which of the following is an example of an indicator for an outcome of postoperative pain reduction? (Ch.18) A. surgical dressing assessment B. antibiotic administration times C. pain measurement scale D. postoperative temperature readings

C. pain measurement scale

BLANK is the likelihood of the frequency of an event in repeated trials under similar conditions. A. Statistical analysis B. chance C. probability D. sampling error

C. probability

Open coding of data in a qualitative study involves which of the following? (Ch.14) A. attaching labels to each line of transcripts B. comparing of categories and labels C. putting data into logical categories D. simplifying large amounts of data

C. putting data into logical categories

What are the main types of measurement errors that can occur in a research study? (select all that apply) (Ch.10) A. methodological error B. psychometric error C. random error D. systematic error

C. random error D. systematic error

A BLANK is a measure of disease frequency in a defined population over a specified period of time. (Ch.8) A. ratio B. prevalence C. rate D. incidence

C. rate

The rule of 68-95-99.7 states that in a normal distribution, 99.7% of the data will fall within BLANK standard deviation(s) of the mean. (Ch.13) A. one B. two C. three D. four

C. three

Which of the following is an example of epidemiology? (Ch.8) A. studying the effects of genomic-based cancer therapies B. studying the interaction between HIV cells and healthy cells. C. Studying the effect of tuberculosis medications on the severity of the disease D. Studying the effect of STD prevention on STD prevalence rates

D. Studying the effect of STD prevention on STD prevalence rates

Which of the following is an example of a study focused on performance-related outcomes? (Ch.18) A. a study of the effect of early ambulation on prevention of bedsores. B. a study of the effect of phone call follow-ups after discharge on patient satisfaction C. a study on the effectiveness of antiemetics given prophylactically with chemotherapy treatment D. a study on the length of stay after a caesarian section in relation to frequency of nursing assessment

D. a study on the length of stay after a caesarian section in relation to frequency of nursing assessment

BLANK , sometimes known as quasi-experimental studies, examine a large sample of the population and observe changes in characteristics over time. (Ch.15) A. randomized control trials B. literature reviews C. experimental studies D. cohort studies

D. cohort studies

What type of variable confuses the effect of the independent variable (IV) on the dependent variable (DV)? (Ch.6) A. existing variable B. confounding variable C. randomized variable D. extraneous variable

D. extraneous variable

Phenomenology is the method used when one wishes to study lived experience. What field of science is it rooted in? (Ch.9) A. social sciences B. introspective sciences C. health sciences D. human sciences

D. human sciences

A nurse researcher is studying hypertension rates for adult diabetic patients after hospitalization. Which of the following would study long-term outcomes? (Ch.18) A. hypertension rates 3 weeks after hospitalization B. hypertension rates 3 days after hospitalization C. hypertension rates prior to hosptialization D. hypertension rates 6 months after hospitalization

D. hypertension rates 6 months after hospitalization

Why is representativeness essential in a research study? (Ch.11) A. it ensures that study results can be representative of all populations B. it ensures that study results are applicable to all populations C. it ensures that study results are obtained by trained researchers D. it ensures that study results can be generalized to target populations

D. it ensures that study results can be generalized to target populations

When conducting a systematic literature review why is it important to research published and unpublished findings? (Ch.12) A. it will help to increase the accuracy of the study findings B. it will ensure the study is ethical in all areas C. it will provide the required amount of resources D. it will help to decrease bias from the strength of significant findings

D. it will help to decrease bias from the strength of significant findings

A major advantage of poster presentations over other methods is that opportunities for BLANK exist. (Ch.19) A. exhibition B. using pictures C. working remotely D. networking

D. networking

What is the fifth and final phase of the Stetler model? (Ch.16) A. nurses perform research to provide additional studies to back up their assertions. B. organizations apply research in the professional setting C. recommendations for future research are determined by professionals applying research in patient care. D. nurses evaluate the outcomes of applying research findings in practice.

D. nurses evaluate the outcomes of applying research findings in practice.

In epidemiology the researcher needs to consider the descriptive characteristics of the person. Which of the following is not a descriptive characteristic of the person?(Ch.8) A. education B. religion C. alcohol use D. political affiliation

D. political affiliation

The nurse has a proposed study to determine the effect of yoga on patients with a diagnosis of hypertension. The nurse needs to determine the number of participants needed for the study. Which of the following is the best way to determine the sample size to best detect the effect of yoga on hypertension? (Ch.11) A. significance level B. effect level C. attrition rate D. power analysis

D. power analysis

BLANK is best defined as highest level of measurement that involves numeric values that begin with an absolute zero and have equal intervals. (Ch.10) A. nominal B. ordinal C. interval D. ratio

D. ratio

BLANK is best defined as the degree to which participants are like the population. (Ch.14) A. ethnograph B. data interpretation C. common synthesis D. representativeness

D. representativeness

A nurse researcher has written out a description of the proposed study participants and how the participants will be recruited. This is the definition of a: (Ch.11) A. participation plan B. population plan C. recruitment plan D. sampling plan

D. sampling plan

An organization has initiated a new heart failure discharge process in order to decrease readmissions. The new process includes making a follow-up appointment with physician. The case manager sets up an appointment with the cardiologist for a heart failure patient being discharged. A nurse from the committee who started this initiative thanks the case manager for helping to implement this process change. Which of Kotter's phases does this represent? (Ch.16) A. third phase B. fourth phase C. fifth phase D. sixth phase

D. sixth phase

BLANK may be compromised when conducting research on a rare disease due to the small patient population to select from. (Ch.6) A. construct validity B. data conclusion validity C. patient subject validity D. statistical conclusion validity

D. statistical conclusion validity

BLANK is the truth or accuracy of the study results. (Ch.6) A. causality B. ethics C. probability D. validity

D. validity

Which of the following is used when data collection involves making a comparison of the measurement of bone density compared to obesity measured as a percentage of body fat? (Ch.13) A. alpha B. standard deviation C. t test D. z scores

D. z scores

The length of a questionnaire is important. Therefore, a questionnaire should only include BLANK questions. (Ch.10)

Essential

To promote excellence in nursing, organizations should have policies that are based on BLANK ; examples include research articles and national guidelines. (Ch.2)

Evidence

BLANK is a process involving the examination and application of research findings or other reliable evidence that has been integrated with scientific theories. (Ch.1)

Evidence-based practice (EBP)

T or F? A low-risk research study does not need IRB approval. (Ch.2)

False

T or F? Evidence-based practice (EBP) is new to nursing, being introduced in the early 2000s, with increaseing emphasis in the past 5 years. (Ch.16)

False

T or F? It is best practice for a nurse presenter to ensure the PowerPoint presentation has in-depth comprehensive information in the boy of each slide and to allow the audience time to read the extensive information. (Ch.19)

False

T or F? Nurse researcher conduct their studies at the micro level. (Ch.5)

False

T or F? Pandemic is a widespread occurrence of a disease in a community or population that is in excess of what is expected. Endemic is a pandemic that has spread worldwide. (Ch.8)

False

T or F? Qualitative research and qualitative research are essentially the same; they both collect data and use the statistics in the data to determine a relationship

False

T or F? Quantitative and qualitative data analysis are very similar. (Ch.14)

False

T or F? Quantitative and qualitative researchers need to be aware of hubris. (Ch.9)

False

T or F? The nurse is aware that when patients are using internet medical resources they almost always check the dat and source of the information to confirm accuracy. (Ch.4)

False

T or F? The nurse researcher is aware that ethical violations are not a current issue; they are an issue of the past.

False

T or F? To ensure best practice in the future, researchers and theorists should work independently, avoiding collaboration, to create best practice with no bias present in the research. (Ch.5)

False

Healthy People 2020 has what purpose with regards to healthcare delivery in the United States? (Ch.3)

It prioritizes ways to improve health and the health care of the nation for a 10 year time span.

A research study is conducted on diet control in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. All the patients selected for the study have type 2 diabetes and are placed on a diabetic diet. The patients' blood sugars are measured at the beginning of the study and at different time intervals throughout the study. Which type of quantitative design is this? (Ch.7)

Quasi-experimental design

When the nurse is narrowing a research focus and determining a research topic, it is important to consider which of the following? (Ch.3)

The clinical significance of the research, ensuring that it adds to the body of nursing knowledge

The researcher is aware that an appropriate research design will reflect an integration of BLANK and BLANK literature that will be presented in the review of the literature section of the study. (Ch.6)

Theoretical and Empirical

Nursing BLANK are belief systems that guide practice. (Ch.5)

Theories

How do national associations, such as the American Heart Association (AHA), contribute to EBP? (Ch.2)

They provide patients and healthcare professionals with evidence-based guidelines and clinical practice recommendations.

T and F? Clinical practice guidelines are recommendations based on evidence that serve as useful tools to direct clinical practice. (Ch.15)

True

T or F? A nursing innovator is also known as a change agent. (Ch.17)

True

T or F? A patient's pain level is an example of a construct. (Ch.5)

True

T or F? Findings from case studies are not regarded as highly as finding from research studies, but case study findings can provide insight and understand when little evidence is available. (Ch.12)

True

T or F? Nurse managers are essential to EBP helping to set unit expectations of practice changes. (Ch.2)

True

T or F? Qualitative researchers are held to the same ethical standards as researchers using other methods. (Ch.9)

True

T or F? Recently, national efforts are being aimed at realizing the goal of dissemination for the purpose of improving patient outcomes and reducing cost. (Ch.19)

True

T or F? Research problems can be identified by a nurse through providing patient care. (Ch.3)

True

T or F? The main data collection methods used in quantitative research include questionaries, observation, scales, and physiological measures. (Ch.10)

True

T or F? The study hypothesis is defined as: formal statements regarding the expected or predicted relationship between two or more variables in a specific population. (Ch.3)

True

T or F? There are two ways researchers test for content validity: face validity and content validity testing. (Ch.10)

True

T or F? There is a growing expectation for nurses who practice at the bedside to engage in conference presentations. (Ch.19)

True

T or F? having evidence-based practice recommendations automatically populate for specific diagnosis and interventions is a way to integrate EBP into the EMR.

True

Nurse researchers would best define the scientific literature publication cycle as: (Ch.4)

a model describing how research becomes disseminated in publications

When a nurse is performing research it is best to use a systematic approach for which fo the following reasons? (Ch.1)

a systematic approach is more likely to yield results that can be used with confidence

As people age, blood pressure measurements normally increase. This is an example of what type of relationship in a hypothesis? (Ch.3)

associative relationship

In order to avoid BLANK decision making, researchers must state their selected probability of making a type I error in the initial research proposal. (Ch.13)

bias

The following is the definition for which research term: "Words, such as and, or, or not, specify the relationship among search terms"? (Ch.4)

boolean operators

In nursing research CURN stands for the BLANK. (Ch.16)

conduct and utilization of research in nursing

Which of the following is an example of performance criteria used to evaluate whether staff nurses are promoting best practices? (Ch.2)

continual questioning of practice

A BLANK is a common name for an electronic index. (Ch.4)

database

T or F? A nonexperimental research design involves manipulation of the independent variable but lacks random assignment. (Ch.7)

false

T or F? Nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design is best defined as an experimental design where two groups are measured before and after an intervention. (Ch.7)

false

Which of the following is an appropriate strategy to incorporate in attempting to overcome the barriers that can prevent the adoption of evidence-based practice in a healthcare facility? (Ch.1)

find articles that support policy changes and share them with staff members

Nightingale's environmental theory, which focuses on the nurse's ability to modify the patient's environment in order to improve patient's recovery, provides a BLANK for patient care. (Ch.5)

framework

a nurse is going to create a study to determine some of the effects of the Affordable Care Act. Which of the following would be an appropriate study based on the changes the Affordable Care Act will create in health care? (Ch.1)

impact of shorter hospital stays on readmission

The final step of the systematic literature review includes BLANK of the data and BLANK of the results. (Ch.12)

interpretation; dissemination

Combing the statistical results of 15 studies on patient acuity to help determine best practice in assessment of patient acuity is an example of which type of review? (Ch.4)

meta-analysis review

A BLANK has a narrow scope, providing a bridge from grand theory to a testable theory. (Ch.3)

middle range nursing theory

In a type I error the BLANK is rejected when it should be accepted. (Ch.13)

null hypothesis

the five components of the mnemonic PICOT include (Ch.3)

patient population or patient condition of interest

This search strategy narrows the parameters of the search. (Ch.4)

precision

A nurse researcher is quoting a physician who provided statistical data that will be added to a research study. The nurse would consider the physician to be what type of resource? (Ch.4)

primary resource

Researchers create theoretical frameworks in order to: (Ch.5)

provide structure for the study by linking ideas to research that can be observed

The Human Genome Project is focused on (Ch.1)

sequencing and mapping human genes

Nurse researchers may use computer programs, draw names out of a container, or use a table with numbers listed in no particular order to obtain a(n) BLANK sample for a research study. (Ch.11)

simple random

In order to reduce costs, a hospital decreases staffing in the pharmacy. As a result, there was a noted delay in delivery of medications to the hospital units. Consequently, timeliness with the administration of medications became a problem. This problem may have been avoided if BLANK had been identified when developing the practice change. (Ch.16)

stakeholders

Because nonprobability sampling methods do not use randomization, the samples are less likely to represent the BLANK population and increase the threat of selection BLANK . (Ch.11)

target; bias

The hospital nurse is performing research on a significant patient issue and needs a resource to assist with the literature review. Which of the following is the best resource for the nurse to utilize? (Ch.4)

the hospital librarian

A researcher is conducting research. This research is considered nursing research because: (Ch.5)

the research focuses on the impact of nurse-to-patient ratio on patient safety.

The purpose of a nurse presenting research findings at a conference is which of the follow? (Ch.2)

to disseminate information allowing other to learn from the research findings

T or F? In a two-group pretest-posttest design, the subjects are randomly assigned to the experimental or control group and measured before and after the intervention. (Ch.7)

true

Selecting key terms can be critical in a successful literature search. Which of the following strategies is a good way to identify key terms? (Ch.4)

use PICOT

A nurse is using a keyword search to determine the amount of literature available on a specified topic; the nurse is aware that the keyword search involves: (Ch.4)

using a significant word from a title or document as an index to content

A BLANK is an observation that can be measured by assigning a number to each dimension. (Ch.5)

variable

a nurse researcher understands that a mediator accounts for how or why two BLANK are strongly associated. (Ch.3)

variables

In the context of nursing theory, concepts are best defined as: (Ch.5)

words or phrases that convey a unique idea that is relevant to a theory