Echolalia

Turn-taking, verbal completion, providing information, labeling, protest, request, calling, affirmation, directive

Delayed Interactive

non-focused, situation association, and rehearsal

Delayed non-interactive

Must assess the function of echolalic utterances before targeting reduction a functional behavioral assessment (FBA) should be used to determine the function

Determining the function of echolalia

The socially awkward or inappropriate verbatim repetition of part or all of a previously spoken utterance

Echolalia definition

communicating to another person.

Function of echolalia, interactive

Messages for personal use

Function of echolalia, non-interactive

Conversational turn-taking, declarative, answering questions, and requesting.

Immediate Interactive

non-focused, rehearsal, and self-regulatory

Immediate non-interactive

complex linguistic input high-constraint linguistic input partner's directive interaction style

Interactional variables associated with higher incidences of echolalia

immediate and delayed

Interactive function of echolalia types

Creating opportunities to initiate communication determine function use low-constraint interactions avoid solely teaching a rote set of "functional" or survival utterances practice language use with peers teach quiet behaviors

Principles for responding to echolalia

Unstructured or unpredictable situations transitions unfamiliar tasks or situations difficult or challenging tasks contexts that cause anxiety, fear, distress, and/or elation stimuli that were presented in modalities in which the child is hypersensitive

Situational variables associated with higher incidences of echolalia

cues-pause-point

Targets immediate echolalia steps: 1. show cue card and have child say what is on card 2. pause and hold up index finger to indicate "quiet" 3. ask question, pause, point to card and ask what is on it 4. praise and acknowledge correct reply

1. echolalia 2. mitigated echolalia: chunks 3. mitigated echolalia: recombining chunks 4. Isolation of single words 4. First sentences 5. More complex sentences 6. Most complex sentences

The 6 stages of natural language acquisition

words, phrases, sentences, longer chunks of spoken language

The verbatim repetition can include

most common with autism tourette's syndrome aphasia schizophrenia dementia catatonia epilepsy stroke language impairments

Who can have echolalia?

language comprehension difficulties gestalt style of language learning and use

person-specific variables associated with higher incidences of echolalia

physical prompt on aac device model visual prompt verbal cue independent-no prompt

prompting hierarchy for script training

Gestalt

remembering and producing language as a whole unit that has one communicative intention word strings that are echoed verbatim, comprehended as a whole message and not individual units, not altered for specific situations

script training and visual cues

targets delayed echolalia helps teach a person what is an acceptable communication exchange for a situation scripts address a particular social situation prompts are gradually faded so the client has to provide more and more of the language of the script on his or her own.