ECPI 2020 NUR 164 CHAPTER 6: VALUES, ETHICS, AND ADVOCACY

The formal, systematic study of moral beliefs

Which is the best definition of ethics?

Filing an incident report after making a medication error

Which nursing action demonstrates the principle of fidelity?

Deciding whether to perform cardiac compressions against a client's wishes

Which nursing situation is an example of an ethical dilemma?

Airlifting the client to a local trauma center for emergency surgery

An illègal immigrant with no health insurance sustained life-threatening injuries in an automobile accident. Which action in this case demonstrates the ethical principle of justice?

-"I can't believe the client is giving that precious baby up for adoption." -"The gonorrhea test was positive. That's what the client gets for sleeping around." -"If that was my mother, I sure wouldn't agree to a no-code."

A charge nurse has implemented staff education on nursing values. The nurse would determine that further education is required when which statement(s) are overheard? Select all that apply.

Tell me more about your cultural beliefs.

A client continues to complain of pain despite receiving medication. The family states, "In our culture it is acceptable to complain out loud." What would be the best response by the nurse?

Autonomy

A client diagnosed with cancer has met with the oncologist and is now weighing whether to undergo chemotherapy or radiation for treatment. This client is demonstrating which ethical principle in making this decision?

-Provide education about treatments. -Facilitate involvement of people essential to the decision. -Explain laboratory and radiology findings.

A client has been diagnosed with a debilitating neuromuscular disease that has left the client tired, confused, and in pain. Which action(s) will the nurse choose to advocate for this client in planning future care? Select all that apply.

advocacy.

A client tells the nurse that the client does not want to have a painful procedure. By respecting and supporting the client's right to make decisions, the nurse is demonstrating:

ethical conduct.

A nurse is acting inappropriately and has an odor of alcohol. This behavior breaches the principle of:

personal values.

A nurse is of the Catholic faith and votes pro-life. This nurse is considered to have:

knowing the correct action but being unable to perform it due to constraints.

Ethical distress is:

"This injection of procaine will feel like a little pinch."

Which statement by the nurse is an example of deception?

values

Socialization into the nursing profession may have the most significant effect on:

-People -Practice -Profession -Coworkers

The International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics for Nurses (2012) has which elements? Select all that apply.

International Council of Nurses

The nurse beginning practice would like to access the standards for ethical practice. Which organization should the nurse research for these standards?

Monitor for resolution of the problem.

The nurse has identified an ethical dilemma that has the potential to interfere with a client receiving optimal care. The nurse discussed this issue with the charge nurse on the unit, What action should the nurse choose next?

allowing the nurse's own judgment to guide practice.

To practice ethically, the nurse should avoid:

Evaluating

Using the nursing process to make ethical decisions involves following several the nurse implementing when reflecting on the decision-making process and the role it will play in steps. Which step is making future decisions?

cultivated dispositions of character and conduct that motivate and enable us to be good human beings.

Virtues are:

Values

What are standards for decision-making that endure for a significant time in one's life?

There is little opportunity for any other persons to divert or use the marijuana the client obtains.

use of marijuana to control symptoms of advanced cancer. Which argument(s) regarding this conflict The nurse has an ethical conflict regarding the client's reflect a utilitarian approach? Select all that apply.

Laissez-faire

will attend. When the child A parent of a 17-year-old high school student is allowing the child to decide which college the child requests direction from the parent in making this decision, the parent responds by stating, "You will need to make this decision on your own." What type of value transmission is the parent displaying?

Distress

A client is brought to the emergency department by an adult child, who states, "I am unable to care for my parent anymore. Although I would like to, financially and physically I can't do it anymore." What ethical problem is the adult child experiencing?

Feminist

A female client is brought to the emergency room with matted hair, bruising, and malnutrition. The nurse suspects physical abuse and neglect. The nurse states, "This happens to many women." Which type of ethical approach is the nurse exhibiting?

Filling out an occurrence report and notifying the healthcare provider

A nurse is administering evening medications and notices that a medication was omitted during the day shift. Which statement demonstrates the principie of accountability?

-Serving as a liaison between the family and the committee members -Presenting explanations about technical terminology -Advocating for the client's wishes

A nurse is asked to serve on an ethics committee. Which roles would the nurse be required to fill on the committee? Select all that apply.

Allow the client to verbalize feelings, and provide information to help the client assess

A client is scheduled to have an elective surgical procedure performed but cannot decide whether to go forward with the procedure or cancel it. The client asks the nurse to help make the decision because the client lacks knowledge about the procedure. Which action by the nurse is the best way for this nurse to advocate for the client?

Fidelity

A client rings the call bell to request pain medication. On performing the pain assessment, the nurse informs the client that the nurse will return with the pain medication. After a few moments, the nurse returns with the pain medication, The nurse's returning with the pain medication is an example of which principle of bioethics?

Allocation of scarce nursing resources

A nurse has completed 4 hours of an 8-hour shift on a medical-surgical unit when the nursing informs the nurse that the need is greater on the telemetry unit. This is an example of which type assignments and feels this will overwhelm the nurses on the medical-surgical unit. The supervisor on that unit. The nurse informs the supervisor that the nurse has been busy with client on the medical-surgical unit and immediately report to the telemetry supervisor calls. The nursing supervisor directs the nurse to give a report to the other two nurses unit to assist with staff needs of ethical problem?

-Notifying the client before leaving for lunch -Offering snacks and beverages to visiting family -Explaining all nursing procedures clearly -Listening to the client tell stories about past experiences

A nurse is caring for a hospitalized client. Which nursing actions demonstrate a caring and compassionate attitude? Select all that apply.

Shared decision making

A nurse is caring for an older adult who has cancer and is experiencing complications requiring a revision of the plan of care. The nurse sits down with the client and the family and discusses their preferences while sharing the nurse's own judgments based on the nurse's expertise. Which type of healthcare decision making does this represent?

-Describe the situation and factors associated with the ethical problem. -Clarify that the issue is ethical in nature. -Identify options and explore short- and long-term consequences. -Make the decision. -Determine the effectiveness of the decision and implications for the future.

A nurse is involved in ethical decision-making. Place the steps in the order that the nurse will follow to achieve an ethical decision. Use all options.

values clarification.

A nurse is preparing a client for discharge from the cardiac unit and observes cigarettes in the client's belongings. The nurse asks the client to consider the client's health and that of the client's spouse. This is an example of:

Fidelity

A nurse is providing care to a client and is preparing the client for breakfast. The nurse assists the client out of bed to the chair and then helps the client open the items on the breakfast tray. The client begins to eat breakfast. The nurse tells the client, "I'll be back in about 10 minutes to check on you. In the meantime, here is your call light in case you need me." About 10 minutes later, the nurse returns to check on the client. The nurse is demonstrating which ethical principle?

Autonomy

A nurse is providing care to a client with end-stage cancer. After weighing the alternatives, the client decides not to participate in a clinical trial offered and is requesting no further treatment. The nurse advocates for the client's decision based on the understanding that the client has the right to self-determination, interpreting the client's decision as reflecting which ethical principle?

Shared

A nurse is providing care to an older adult client who was just diagnosed with cancer. The client together with the immediate family discuss their preferences with the health care providers involved. The health care providers offer their clinical recommendations about possible treatments. Utlimately, the group arrives at a decision. The nurse interprets this decision-making process as reflecting which type?

Nonmaleficence

A nurse knows that the expression "Do not cause harm" refers to which ethical principle?

Paternalism

A nurse obtains an order for a bed alarm for a confused client. This is an example of which ethical principle?

Assist in decision making based on the client's best interests.

A nursęe volunteers to serve on the hospital ethics committee. Which action should the nurse expect to take as a member of the ethics committee?

Integrity

A nurse reports to the charge nurse that a client medication due at 9 am was omitted. Which principle is the nurse demonstrating?

-The nurse performs regular client assessments for pressure injuries. -The nurse follows "medication rights" when administering medicine to clients.

A nurse seeks to incorporate the principle of bioethics known as nonmaleficence when caring for clients in a long-term care facility. Which nursing actions best exemplify this principle? Select all that apply.

Assist in decision making based on the client's best interests.

A nurse volunteers to serve on the hospital ethics committee. Which action should the nurse expect take member of the ethics committee?

-"Am I able to provide safe and efficient care to my clients?" -"Am I willing to take this risk to help protect my fellow nurses?" -"Will less experienced nurses on the unit learn from my actions?"

A nurse who has worked on a unit for 8 years is conflicted about asking to meet with the charge nurse about staffing ratios. Which question(s) reflect the professional value of altruism in this decision? Select all that apply.

Moral resilience

A nurse working in a critical care unit has experienced personal tragedy, extreme shortage of staff in the work environment, and health issues. The nurse has overcome much of these hardships and is now mentoring other nurses in similar situations. What behavior is this nurse demonstrating?

ethical distress.

A nurse working on a critical care unit was informed by a client with multiple sclerosis that the client did not wish to be resuscitated in the event of cardiac arrest. Now the client is no longer able to express wishes, and the family has informed the physician that they want the client to be resuscitated. Aware of the client's wishes, the nurse is involved in a situation that may involve:

"You can work on being more courageous as you learn to be a nurse."

A nurse's friend states, "I admire you so much. I would love to be a nurse, but I don't think I have the courage." Which response will the nurse make?

Integrity

In the delivery of care, the nurse acts in accordance with nursing standards and the code of ethics and reports a medication error that the nurse has made. The nurse is most clearly demonstrating which professional value?

They give priority to the good of the individual client rather than to the good of society in general.

Nurses who value client advocacy follow what guideline?

Limiting visitors due to the client reporting pain

The nurse is managing the care for a postoperative client. How does the nurse demonstrate advocacy?

-Protects the privacy of the client -Maintains confidentiality -Provides culturally competent care

The nurse strives to uphold human dignity when providing care to clients. Which behaviors by the nurse would best exemplify this value? Select all that apply.

Peers

What is likely to have the greatest influence on an adolescent's formation of values during this developmental stage?

Values

What is the term for the beliefs held by the individual about what matters?

stays with a client during death as promised.

What would be an example of the nurse practicing fidelity? The nurse:

Standards of conduct

When analyzing an ethical dilemma according to the ethical framework, what is most important for the nurse to take into consideration?

Cultural

When examining values, a nurse notes that one country allows physician-assisted suicide and another outlaws it, making it punishable by imprisonment. Which factors best explain the differences in values between these two countries?

Lobbying for an expansion of healthcare resources and benefits to those in poverty

Which action most clearly demonstrates a nurse's commitment to social justice?

The nurse was seen at a grocery store after calling in sick.

Which action would cause a charge nurse to have concerns about a nurse's moral agency?

A process by which people come to understand their own values and value systems

Which best defines value clarification?

Beneficence

Which ethical principle refers to the obligation to do good?

An approach critiquing existing patterns of oppression and domination in society

Which example best describes feminist ethics?

Describing a surgery to a client before the consent is signed

Which example most accurately depicts the ethical principle of autonomy?

The promotion of the dignity and respect of clients as people

Which is a characteristic of the care-based approach to bioethics?

Allowing a child to decide not to have an intravenous line inserted

Which scenario is an example of the laissez-faire approach to value transmission?

Care-based ethics

Which theory of ethics prioritizes the nurse's relationship with clients and the nurse's character in the practice of ethical nursing?

Trustworthiness Humility Compassion

Which traits are examples of virtues that can exemplify character and conduct as a professional nurse? Select all that apply.

Advocacy

Which word is best described as protection and support of anotner s rights?