Elements & The Periodic Table
Chemical Formula
A combination of chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance
What scientist explained the theory of atomic structure by relating it to the planetary model?
Bohr
Organic Compound
Compounds in living things that contain carbon
The British school teacher credited with proposing the first atomic theory was ---
Dalton
Which scientist saw the atom as a solid sphere?
Dalton
What makes an atom stable?
Full outer shell of electrons
What are columns called on the periodic table?
Groups
Who came up with the Periodic Table of Elements?
Mendeleev
What are rows called on the periodic table?
Periods
Who discovered that the positively charged particles in an atom were concentrated in the center (the nucleus)?
Rutherford
Who proposed the plum pudding model of the atom?
Thomson
Where are metals on the periodic table of the elements?
To the left of the zigzag stairstep
Where are the nonmetals on the periodic table of the elements?
To the right of the zigzag stairstep (and hydrogen)
Where are metalloids located on the periodic table?
Touching the zigzag stairstep EXCEPT for Aluminum, Astatine, and Tennessine
What is an atomic symbol?
abbreviation used for elements (letters)
The Periodic Table of Elements lists the elements in order by what number?
atomic number
What theory states the each element is made of fundamental units called atom and that all atoms of an element are identical.
atomic theory
When 2 atoms react, they combine to form...
compounds
What kind of bond is formed when atoms share electrons?
covalent
What are the negatively charged particles in an atom?
electrons
A substance made of only one type of atom is called ----
element
carbon
found in all living things
gaining or losing electrons makes an atom an...
ion
What kind of bond is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another, creating positive and negative ions?
ionic
gaining or losing neutrons makes an atom an...
isotope
What share properties of BOTH METALS & NONMETALS: Solids Can be shiny or dull Ductile Malleable Conduct heat and electricity better than nonmetals but not as well as metals
metalloids
What are all these properties of? Solid at room temperature (except mercury) Shiny luster Ductile (bend into a wire) Malleable (hammered) Good conductor (heat and electricity) High density High melting point Reactivity - those metals at the bottom left corner are most reactive
metals
What are the neutrally charged particles in an atom?
neutrons
What is the name for the group that includes Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon, & Uuo?
noble gases
What are these properties of? No luster (dull appearance) Poor conductor of heat and electricity Brittle (breaks easily) Not ductile Not malleable Low density Low melting point Less reactive than metals(reactivity increases left to right)
nonmetals
What is the center of an atom called (contains neutrons and protons)
nucleus
The atomic number shows the number of...
protons
What are the positively charged particles in an atom?
protons
The atomic mass is the number of...
protons and neutrons
What are the electrons in the outer shell called?
valence electrons
