EM 4,5,6

If a seizure takes place in the dental office, it is very important to take note of ____.

the exact symptoms displayed during the seizure

Steve suffered a grand mal seizure in the waiting room of a dental clinic. Now that the convulsions have ceased, he starts to regain consciousness and is confused about his surroundings. What phase of the seizure is Steve currently experiencing?`

postictal phase

Patient's with seizure disorders may take the drug Dilantin, which causes dilantin hyperplasia; a condition characterized by ____.

the overgrowth of gingival tissue

It is very important to remove needles, or similar items, found in the vicinity of any patient recovering from syncope, because ____.

the sight of those objects may cause the patient to re-experience syncope

Which is NOT a potential cause of a seizure disorder?

dementia

What is NOT recommended when treating a patient with diabetes at a dental office?

Administer an insulin shot if the patient experiences a diabetic coma.

What is the easiest way to prevent syncope?

Administer oxygen during the dental treatment. Place the patient under general anesthesia during the dental treatment. Take measures to alleviate fear.

Once a patient has recovered completely from syncope, what is the next step?

All information concerning the episode should be documented in the patient's chart.

What happens immediately before a patient advances to the syncope stage?

Both the blood pressure and pulse rate increase rapidly. Both the blood pressure and pulse rate drop rapidly. The blood pressure increases rapidly; the pulse rate drops rapidly.The patient sees flashes of light.

Which is an accurate statement regarding type I diabetes?

Daily injections of insulin are required for type I diabetic patients.

Why must the dental team take extra precautions with a diabetic patient; causing as little trauma as possible to the oral tissue?

Diabetic patients sometimes have problems healing and are very prone to infection.

What is the body's initial physical response to a stress, which could result in syncope?

Dilation of the vascular bed causes large amounts of blood to be pumped to the muscles of the arms and legs.

A seizure is caused by an imbalance of activity in the musculoskeletal system.

False

Nonpsychogenic factors are the most common causes of syncope in the dental office

False

The cause of diabetes mellitus was discovered in the 1980s.

False

"____" can result from having too little glucose in the body.

Glucose deflation Mellitus disorder Insulin shock

____ seizures are the most common type of seizures.

Grand mal

What is the relationship between glucose and insulin?

Insulin is required to facilitate the transport of glucose into cells.

____ is extremely common in patients with diabetes.

Periodontal disease

What is the cause of gestational diabetes?

Placental hormones have a blocking effect on insulin.

What is NEVER recommended in the event that a patient experiences a seizure?

Placing a tongue depressor in the patient's mouth

Vanessa, a dental auxiliary, reviews the medical history form of a patient, taking notice that the patient has epilepsy. What can Vanessa do to help minimize the likelihood that the patient will have a seizure?

She can ensure that the patient does not wait in the reception area for an extended period of time. She can administer an anticonvulsant medication to the patient. She can administer an anti-anxiety medication to the patient.

What is the ultimate cause of syncope?

The brain is deprived of adequate oxygen.

Which theory explains a possible cause of diabetes?

The breakdown of glycogen to glucose is inefficient in people suffering from diabetes. Enzymes found in the liver may metabolize too much insulin, leading to insulin deficiency and diabetes. A mumps-related virus may damage cells of the pancreas, causing diabetes.

Which aspect of a dental treatment would make a patient vulnerable to syncope?

The patient must remain stationary in the dental chair.

What happens during the tonic stage of a grand mal seizure?

The patient sees flashes of light. The patient foams at the mouth. The patient's body stiffens and becomes rigid.common faint

During syncope, the patient will exhibit a deathlike appearance.

True

Epilepsy is most often caused by hereditary factors.

True

In the event a patient experiences a seizure, what is the main goal of the dental team?

To prevent the patient from injuring themselves

If a patient experiences syncope, what position should they be placed in?

Trendelenburg position, which is a supine position with the feet elevated

Petit mal seizures are also referred to as "____."

absence seizures

What type of capsule can be used to help stimulate the breathing of a patient who is experiencing syncope?

ammonia

Which is NOT an example of a nonpsychogenic factor?

anger

Madeline, a dental patient with epilepsy, reports smelling a strong lemon scent to the dental auxiliary. However, no one else notices this scent; suggesting Madeline is experiencing a(n) ____.

aura

Another term for syncope is ____.

common faint

Status epilepticus is characterized by ____.

continuous seizure activity

Oral hypoglycemics are medications that ____.

decrease insulin levels

Which is NOT a symptom of hypoglycemia?

frequent urination

What should be administered to an unconscious patient experiencing hypoglycemia?

glucagon

After proper repositioning, if a patient does not recover from syncope right away the next step is to make sure the patient ____.

has an open airway

Which is NOT an example of a psychogenic factor?hunger

hunger

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that occurs because of a deficiency in or complete lack of ____ in the body.

insulin

In a diabetic patient, an imbalance in ____ levels in the blood can result in macrovascular disease, microvascular disease, or neuropathy.

ketones glucagon glucose

A dental office is a likely setting for epileptic seizures because ____.

of the stress associated with dental treatments

What are the signs of presyncope?

pale skin, cold sweat

Insulin is produced in the ____.

pancreas

In what order do the three phases of a grand mal seizure occur?

prodromal, convulsive, postictal

Which is a medical problem resulting from diabetes mellitus?

retinopathy

Which class of medications are used to treat type II diabetes?

thiazolidinediones

A person with hyperglycemia exhibits increased ____.

thirst and urination