Embalming Pretest

Hypertonic

A solution having a greater concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared defines:

Vermin

Which of the following is NOT an intrinsic body condition: A. weight B. age C. vermin D. protein level

Liver Mortis

Which one of the following is a postmortem physical change: A. rigor mortis B. livor mortis C. postmortem stain D. decomposition

Surfactants

________is a chemical that reduces the molecular cohesion of a liquid so it can flow through smaller apertures.

Formaldehyde

________is a colorless, strong-smelling gas that when used in a solution is a powerful preservative and disinfectant. .

Needle Injection

________is a mechanical device used to impel specially designed metal pins into bone; used in mouth closure.

Unionall

________is a plastic garment designed to cover the entire body from the chest down to and including the feet.

Liver Mortis / Cadaveric Lividity

________is a postmortem, intravascular, red-blue discoloration resulting from hypostasis of blood.

Bloodborne Pathogen Rule

________is an OSHA rule regulating the employee's exposure to blood and other body fluids.

Transolcation

________is an agonal or postmortem redistribution of host microflora on a host-wide basis

Aneurysm Hook

________is an embalming instrument that is used for blunt dissection and in raising vessels.

Postmortem Stain

________is an extravascular blood discoloration which results from hemolysis.

Autolysis

________is decomposition of all tissues by enzymes of the their own formation without microbial microbial assistance.

Decay

________is decomposition of proteins by enzymes of aerobic bacteria.

Putrefaction

________is decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria.

Edema

________is defined as the abnormal collection of fluid in tissues, serous cavities or both.

Secondary Dilution

________is dilution of the arterial fluid by the body fluids.

Dehydration

________is loss of moisture from body tissue which may occur antemortem or postmortem.

Decomposition

________is simply the separation of compounds into simpler substances by the action of microbial and/or autolytic enzymes.

Embalming/Case Analysis

________is that consideration given to the body prior to, during, and after the embalming procedure is completed.

Imbibition

________is the absorption of the fluid portion of the blood by the tissues after death resulting in postmortem edema. .

Index

________is the amount of formaldehyde measured in grams, dissolved in 100 mls of water.

HCHO

________is the chemical formula (symbol) for formaldehyde.

Somatic Death

________is the death of the organism as a whole.

Surface Embalming

________is the direct contact of body tissues with embalming chemicals; a type of' embalming.

Cavity Embalming

________is the direct treatment other than arterial embalming of the contents of the body cavities and the lumen of the hollow viscera.

Split Injection

________is the injection of solution from one location and drainage from another.

Necrosis

________is the pathological death of tissue still a part of the living organism.

Tissue Gas

________is the postmortem accumulation of gas in tissues or cavities brought about by an anerobic gas forming bacillus, clostridium perfringens.

Actual Pressure

________is the pressure indicated by the injector gauge needle when the arterial tubing is open and the arterial solution is flowing into the body.

Pressure Filtration

________is the process by which both solute and solvent portions of the embalming solution pass into the interstitial spaces.

Embalming

________is the process of chemically treating the dead human body to reduce the presence and growth of microorganisms, to temporarily inhibit organic decomposition, and to restore an acceptable physical appearance.

Rate of Flow

________is the speed at which fluid is injected, measured in ounces per minute.

pH

________is used to denote the degree of acidity or alkalinity.

Postmortem

________period begins after somatic death.

Strong/High Index

________type of solution ( strength) is required when signs of decomposition are evident.

Intravascular Pressure

_______is pressure that is developed as the flow of embalming solution is established and the elastic walls expand and then contract, resulting in filling the capillary beds and development of pressure filtration

Postmortem Caloricity

_______is the rise in body temperature after death due to continued cellular metabolism.

Enzyme

____is an organic catalyst produced by living cells and capable of autolytic" decomposition.

Hypostasis

____is the settling of blood and/or other fluids to dependent portions of the body.

Fermentation

17. Bacterial decomposition of carbohydrates is _____.

Aortic Arch

.________is the center of arterial fluid distribution.

Anasarca

54. Severe generalized edema is termed _

Co-Injection

A fluid used in conjunction with and to supplement the arterial fluid is classified as a/an ________.

Linear Guide

A line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some deeper-lying structure is referred to as ________.

Cosmetic

Arterial fluids which impart a definite color to the tissues are classified as:

Ascites

Accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity is:

Buffers

An embalming chemical which affects the stabilization of the acid-base balance within embalming solutions and in the tissues describes _________.

1 Gallon 40-50lbs body weight

By today' s standards, ________ is the recommended volume of arterial solution to employ.

Physical

Hypostasis is a ________ change.

Right Side of the Heart

Direct the trocar point along a line from the left anterior-superior iliac spine to the lobe of the right ear, keep the trocar point up against the cavity wall until it has pierced the diaphragm, then dip downward and insert into the .

Urinary Bladder

Direct the trocar toward the intersection of the median line of the pubic bone ( Symphysis Pubis) until the trocar point touches the bone, retract the trocar slightly, depress the point slightly and enter:

Shell Embalming

Embalming in which only the skin and superficial portions of the body and not the deeper tissues receive solution has been referred to as: .

Hypotonic

For the average or 'normal' body in which there is no edema and no dehydration, the arterial solution should be in its osmotic composition.

Dialysis

In fluid diffusion, the solute portion of the arterial solution passes through the semi-permeable membrane by _ .

Postmortem Changes

In making a pre-embalming analysis of the body the embalmer examines the general body conditions, effects of diseases, effects of drug therapy, and __________.

Osmosis

In the process of fluid diffusion, solvents pass through the semi-permeable membrane by _______.

One Point

Injection and drainage from the same location is called:

Increase Pressure Increase Rate of Flow Massage, Pre-Injection Instruments Alt. Drain Site

List five methods of stimulating distribution and drainage.

Dye Drainage/Clearing Bleaching Distention of Vessels Firming

List five signs of arterial fluid distribution and diffusion.

Lessen Secondary Dilution Remove Discolorations Prevent Distention Disinfect

List four purposes (reasons for) drainage during arterial injection.

Color Odor Gas Purge Skin Slip

List the five signs of decomposition.

Passive Transport

Pressure filtration, osmosis, and dialysis are referred to as types of mechanisms because no energy is provided by the cells.

Anatomical Position

The body is erect, feet together, palms facing forward, and the thumbs are pointed away from the body describes the _______________________.

Lumen

The cavity or opening of a vein; artery, or intestine is referred to as ___________.

Right Atrium

The center of drainage in the dead human body is :

FLuid Diffusion

The key to arterial embalming is ________.

Aortic Arch

The left common carotid artery's origin is _

Distribution

The movement of arterial solution from the point of injection throughout the vascular system and into the capillaries is termed:

Brachiocephalic Artery

The right common carotid artery's origin is ________.

Temporary Preservation

The science of treating the body chemically so as to temporarily inhibit decomposition defines _____

Humectants

This chemical is described as having a coating action; they wrap around the formaldehyde molecule and thus keep it from making direct contact with the albuminous material until the tissues are thoroughly saturated with preservative solution .

Legs Arms Head

What is the correct order of injection of an autopsy case?

Treat for preservation first

You have a body with generalized edema and jaundice; which of the following would be a correct treatment? A. Treat for preservation first, moderate to a strong solution with added dye. B. Mild solution, with added humectants in the last injection. C.Any solution strength, with no added dye. D. Six-point injection with mild, solution.

Restricted Cervical Injection

You have a head trauma case, eyes swollen and discolored, dead over six hours; which of the following would be a correct treatment? A. pre-inject to clear discoloration, mild arterial solution, massage facial tissues for distribution. B. restricted cervical injection, solution strength determined by body conditions, utilize instant tissue fixation when injecting head. C. mild to moderate solution, large volume with added dyes. D. use pre-injection, moderate solution with added humectants, no dyes

Humectant

____ is a chemical that increases the ability of embalmed tissue to retain moisture.

Restricted Cervical Injection

________ is a method of injection wherein both common carotid arteries are raised.

Primary Dilution

________ is the dilution attained as the embalming solution is mixed in the embalming machine.

Solvent

________ is the liquid holding another substance in solution.

Intermittent (Restricted) Drainage

_________is a method of drainage in which the drainage is stopped at intervals while injection continues.

Universal Precautions

_________is an approach to infection control which holds that all human blood and body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious for HIV, HBV, and other bloodborne pathogens.

Lysosome

_________is an organelle that exists within a cell, but separate from the cell; contains hydrolytic enzymes that break down proteins and certain carbohydrates.

Agonal Fever

_________is the increase in body temperature immediately before death.

Axillary Artery

________artery begins at the lateral order of the first rib and terminates at the inferior border of the teres major muscle.

Femoral Artery

________begins at a point posterior to the center of the inguinal ligament and terminates at the opening in the adductor magnus muscle.

Right Common Carotid

________begins at the level of the sternoclavicular articulation and terminates at the level of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage.