EMT-B Chapter 30-test

Suspect kidney damage if the patient has a history or physical evidence of all of the following EXCEPT: A. an abrasion, laceration, or contusion in the flank B. a penetrating wound in the region of the lower rib cage or the upper abdomen C. fractures on either side of the lower rib cage D. a hematoma in the umbilical region

A hematoma in the umbilical region.

When used alone, diagonal shoulder safety belts can cause all of the following EXCEPT: A. a bruised chest B. a lacerated liver C. decapitation D. a ruptured appendix

A ruptured appendix.

In cases of sexual assault, which of the following is TRUE?

Advise the patient not to wash, to urinate, or defecate.

In cases of sexual assault, which of the following is true? A. you should always examine the genitalia for any sign of injury B. advise the patient not to wash, urinate, or defecate C. in addition to recording the facts, it is important to include your personal thoughts D. you should use plastic bags when collecting items such as clothes

Advise the patient not to wash, urinate, or defecate.

When performing a history on a patient with abdominal trauma, which of the following questions would be appropriate regarding trauma/? A. is there an blood in your stool? B. does your pain go anywhere? C. do you have any nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea? D. all of the above

All of the above.

Open abdominal injury

An injury in which there is a break in the surface of the skin or mucous, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination.

Closed abdominal injury

An injury in which there is soft-tissue damage inside the body but the skin remains intact.

When performing a history on a patient with abdominal trauma, all of the following questions would be appropriate regarding trauma EXCEPT:

Are you having trouble with your hearing?

Suspect a possible injury of the urinary bladder in all of the following findings EXCEPT: A. bruising to the left upper quadrant B. blood at the urethral opening C. blood at the tip of the penis or a stain on the patient's underwear D. physical signs of trauma on the lower abdomen, pelvis, or perineum

Bruising to the left upper quadrant.

Guarding

Contracting the stomach muscles to minimize the pain of abdominal movement; a sign of peritonitis.

When treating a patient with an amputation of the penile shaft, your top priority is:

Controlling bleeding.

When treating a patient with an evisceration, you should:

Cover the protruding contents with moist, sterile gauze compresses.

Air in the abdominal cavity can cause all of the following EXCEPT: A. pain B. diarrhea C. infection D. tissue ischemia and infarction

Diarrhea.

_____ takes place in the solid organs

Energy production

_______ takes place in the solid organs.

Energy production.

Which of the following is NOT a solid organ of the abdomen?

Gallbladder

Which of the following is NOT a solid organ of the abdomen? A. liver B. spleen C. gallbladder D. pancreas

Gallbladder.

Contraction or tensing of the abdominal muscles in an effort to ease pain is called:

Guarding.

You are called to the local bar where a fight has taken place. The police department tells you that you have a 36-year-old man who has been stabbed twice in the abdomen. Upon your arrival, the patient is alert and oriented. His airway is open. His respirations are at 24 breaths/min; pulse is rapid, regular, and weak. He has distal pulses. With the penetrating trauma, you should assume that the object:

Has penetrated the peritoneum, has entered the abdominal cavity, or has possibly injured one or more organs.

A sign of kidney damage following blunt trauma is:

Hematuria.

Because solid organs have a rich supply of blood, any injury can result in major:

Hemorrhaging.

Peritonitis, an intense inflammatory reaction of the abdominal cavity, usually occurs when:

Hollow abdominal organs are damaged and spill their contents.

You are dispatched to a motor vehicle collision. Your patient is a 42 year old restrained woman. The air bag deployed, and the woman has abrasions on her face. She is complaining of pain to both her chest and abdomen. Her airway is open and respirations are within normal limits. Her pulse is a little rapid but strong and regular. She has distal pulses. In assessing this patient, which of the following statements is NOT true?

If light touch elicits pain, perform deep palpation to assess further injury

You are dispatched to a motor vehicle collision. Your patient is a 42-year-old restrained woman. The air bag did deploy, and the woman has abrasions on her face. She is complaining of pain to both her chest and abdomen. Her airway is open and respirations are within normal limits. Her pulse is a little rapid but strong and regular. She has distal pulses. In assessing this patient, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. bowel sounds can be difficult to hear in the field B. palpation is typically performed first with light touch C. if light touch elicits pain, perform deep palpation to assess further injury D. if you find an entry wound, you should always assess for an exit wound

If light touch elicits pain, perform deep palpation to assess further injury.

Late signs of abdominal injury include all of the following EXCEPT: A. distention B. increased blood pressure C. change in mental status D. pale, cool, moist skin

Increased blood pressure.

Signs of injury to the kidney may include any of the following EXCEPT: A. bruises or lacerations on the overlying skin B. shock C. increased urgency of urination D. hematuria

Increased urgency of urination.

In any case of trauma to a female patient, you should always determine if the patient:

Is pregnant.

Which of the following statements regarding rebound tenderness is correct?

It is often discovered when the patient is jarred or moved suddenly

You respond to an 18-year-old high school football player who was hit in the right flank with a helmet several hours ago. He is complaining of pain in the area. He is alert and oriented. His airway is open, and his respirations are within normal limits. His pulse is rapid and regular. He has a radial pulse. He tells you that he is noticing blood in his urine. Based on this information, the patient is likely to have an injury to the:

Kidney.

The solid organs of the urinary system include the:

Kidneys.

You are dispatched to a residence for a young female who was kicked in the abdomen by her boyfriend. While en route to the scene, you should ask the dispatcher if:

Law enforcement is at the scene.

Kehr sign

Left shoulder pain caused by blood in the peritoneal cavity.

Bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is MOST suggestive of injury to the:

Liver.

The largest organ in the abdomen is the:

Liver.

Which of the following is NOT a hollow organ of the abdomen? A. stomach B. liver C. bladder D. ureters

Liver.

Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely when injured? A. liver B. intestine C. bladder D. stomach

Liver.

Your primary concern when dealing with an unresponsive patient with an open abdominal injury is:

Maintaining the airway.

Placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of pregnancy:

May decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart.

Late signs of peritonitis may include:

Nausea.

The first signs of peritonitis include all of the following EXCEPT: A. severe abdominal pain B. tenderness C. muscular spasm D. nausea

Nausea.

Patients with open abdominal injuries often complain of:

Pain.

The major complaint of patients with abdominal injury is:

Pain.

Open abdominal injuries are also known as:

Penetrating injuries.

When a hollow organ is punctured during a penetrating injury to the abdomen:

Peritonitis may not develop for several hours.

Because the depth of an open abdominal wound is often difficult to determine:

Prompt transport to the hospital is essential

Because the depth of an open abdominal wound is often difficult to determine:

Prompt transport to the hospital is essential.

The abdomen is divided into four:

Quadrants.

Blunt abdominal injuries may result from:

Seatbelts.

All of the following male genitalia lie outside the pelvis cavity EXCEPT the: A. urethra B. penis C. seminal vesicles D. testes

Seminal vesicles.

Assuming that no obvious signs of intra-abdominal injury are present, which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause an injury to the liver or spleen to be overlooked?

Shoulder fracture

Solid organs

Solid masses of tissue where much of the chemical work of the body takes place (eg. the liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys).

Hollow organs

Structures through which materials pass, such as the stomach, small intestines, large intestines, ureter, and bladder.

The most common sign of significant abdominal injury is:

Tachycardia.

Peritoneal cavity

The abdominal cavity.

Which of the following statements regarding abdominal trauma is correct?

The absence of abdominal pain does not rule out intra-abdominal bleeding

Evisceration

The displacement of organs outside of the body.

All of the following systems contain organs that make up the contents of the abdominal cavity EXCEPT: A. the digestive system B. the urinary system C. the genitourinary system D. the limbic system

The limbic system.

Flank

The posterior region below the margin of the lower rib cage.

Which of the following statements regarding abdominal eviscerations is correct?

The protruding organs should be kept warm and moist

Which of the following statements regarding abdominal eviscerations is correct? A. most eviscerations occur to the left upper quadrant B. adherent material is preferred when covering an evisceration C. the protruding organs should be kept warm and moist D. the organs should be replaced carefully to avoid heat loss

The protruding organs should be kept warm and moist.

You are dispatched to a motor vehicle collision. You see a 25-year- old woman who was restrained but is complaining of abdominal pain. She is alert and oriented. The patient's airway is open, and she is breathing normally. Her pulse is regular but weak ad rapid. She has a radial pulse. You inspect the abdomen for possible bleeding. You would expect to see all of the following EXCEPT: A. pain or tenderness B. rigidity C. urticaria D. distention

Urticaria.

Suspect kidney damage if the patient has a history or physical evidence of all of the following EXCEPT:

a hematoma in the umbilical region

The mesentery is:

a membranous fold that attaches the intestines to the walls of the body.

A 20-year-old male was accidentally shot in the right upper abdominal quadrant with an arrow during an archery contest. Prior to your arrival, the patient removed the arrow. Your assessment reveals that he is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. The entrance wound is bleeding minimally and appears to be superficial. You should:

assume that the arrow injured an internal organ

When worn properly, a seatbelt should lie:

below the anterior superior iliac spines of the pelvis and against the hip joints.

Suspect a possible injury of the urinary bladder in all of the following findings, EXCEPT:

bruising to the left upper quadrant

Suspect a possible injury to the urinary bladder in all of the following findings EXCEPT:

bruising to the left upper quadrant

When treating a patient with an amputation of the penile shaft, your top priority is:

controlling bleeding

A man has a large laceration across his lower abdominal wall and a loop of bowel is protruding from the wound. He is conscious and alert and there is minimal bleeding from the wound. You should:

cover the exposed bowel with a moist sterile dressing and then secure it in place with a dry bandage

When treating a patient with an evisceration, you should:

cover the protruding contents with moist, sterile gauze compresses.

Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will MOST likely cause:

distention

Another name for the right and left upper quadrants is the ____

flank

A 40-year-old male presents with severe abdominal pain following blunt trauma. He is diaphoretic, intensely thirsty, and has a weak and rapid pulse. Appropriate treatment for this patient includes all of the following EXCEPT

giving him small sips of water

Contraction or tensing of the abdominal muscles in an effort to ease pain is called:

guarding

With penetrating trauma, you should assume that the object has done all of the following EXCEPT:

has damaged only the skin

Because solid organs have a rich supply of blood, any injury can result in major:

hemorrhaging

Peritonitis usually occurs when:

hollow abdominal organs are damaged and spill their contents into the peritoneal cavity.

Late signs of abdominal injury include all of the following EXCEPT:

increased blood pressure

Signs of injury to the kidney may include any of the following EXCEPT:

increased urgency of urination

During your assessment of a patient who experienced blunt trauma to the abdomen, you notice bruising around the umbilicus. This is a sign of:

intra-abdominal bleeding

In any case of trauma to a female patient, you should always determine if the patient:

is pregnant

You respond to an 18-year-old high school football player who was hit in the right flank with a helmet several hous ago. he is complaining of pain in the area. He is alert and oriented. His airway is open, and his respirations are within normal limits. His pulse is rapid and regular. He has a radial pulse. He tells you that he is noticing blood in his urine. Based on this information, the patient is likely to have an injury to the:

kidney

Bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is MOST suggestive of injury to the:

liver

The largest organ in the abdomen is the:

liver

Your primary concern when dealing with an unresponsive patient with an open abdominal injury is:

maintaining the airway

Late signs of peritonitis may include:

nausea

The first signs of peritonitis include all of the following, EXCEPT:

nausea.

The major complaint of patients with abdominal injury is:

pain

Blood may irritate the ____ and cause the patient to report abdominal pain.

peritoneal cavity

Early bruising following abdominal trauma often manifests as:

red areas of skin

If the seat belt lies too high it can do all of the following EXCEPT:

rupture the appendix

The presence of tachycardia following a significant abdominal injury:

should be assumed to be a sign of shock.

Severe bleeding may occur with injury to ______ organs.

solid

The ___ is often injured during motor vehicle collisions, especially in the cases of improperly placed seat belts or impact from the steering wheel, falls from heights or onto sharp objects, and bicycle and motorcycle crashes where the patient hits the handlebars on impact.

spleen

Any air in the peritoneal cavity seeks the most ___ space or void; thus, the location of the air can change with positioning of the patient.

superior

A very common early sign of a significant abdominal injury is:

tachycardia

All of the following systems contain organs that make up the contents of the abdominal cavity, EXCEPT:

the limbic system

All of the following male genitalia lie outside the pelvic cavity EXCEPT:

the seminal vesicles

The ______ system is responsible for filtering waste.

urinary

Which of the following organs is at MOST risk for injury as the result of a pelvic fracture?

urinary bladder