EMT ch 26-27 quiz

A 4-year-old female has a peanut lodged in the external auditory canal of her right ear. You should:

transport her to the emergency department.

If your patient swallows blood following facial trauma, there is an increased risk of ________.

vomiting

The sebaceous glands produce sebum, a material that:

waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple

When caring for a patient with an open facial injury, the EMTs immediate priority should be to:

wear gloves and facial protection.

The upper jaw bones are called

maxillae

During the normal wound healing process, bleeding may occur from even a minor injury because:

new capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries.

Which of the following statements regarding the vitreous humor is correct?

It is a clear, jellylike fluid near the back of the eye that cannot be replaced if it is lost.

As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. You should:

open his airway and assess his breathing status.

During an altercation in a bar, two patrons got into a fist fight. The first patient, a 44-year-old female, was struck in the mouth and refuses EMS care. The second patient, a 39-year-old female, has a small laceration to her left knuckle and also refuses EMS care. Which of the following statements regarding this scenario is MOST correct?

The 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection.

Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct?

The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA.

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient?

partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA

Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is correct?

The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.

In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object?

a pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back

Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because:

pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.

When a person is exposed to a cold environment:

peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin.

A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by baseball during a game. He is confused and has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should:

administer high-flow oxygen.

The MOST significant complication associated with facial injuries is:

airway compromise

In addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is:

an air embolism.

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 2-year-old child?

any full-thickness burn, regardless of its location on the body

A 17-year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation with a gang member. As your partner is applying 100% oxygen, you perform a rapid secondary assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should:

apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment

You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should:

assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed.

When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should:

brush away the chemical before flushing with water.

Which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct?

Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours.

A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound?

Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing.

A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20′ and is lying unconscious on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should:

rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live.

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient?

circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest

A 30-year-old female presents with redness, inflammation, and pain to her left eye. During your assessment, you note that she is having difficulty keeping her eyes open. You should suspect that she is experiencing:

conjunctivitis

A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n):

contusion

A 6-year-old female was riding her bicycle and struck a clothesline with her throat. She is breathing, but with obvious difficulty. Your assessment reveals a crackling sensation in the soft tissues of her neck and facial cyanosis. In addition to the appropriate airway management, the intervention that will MOST likely improve her chance of survival is:

rapidly transporting her to the hospital.

When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue Injury, it is MOST important to:

remain alert for more severe underlying injuries.

A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should:

replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing.

An 8-year-old male was bitten by a stray dog. He has a large laceration to the back of his left hand, which your partner covered with a sterile dressing and bandage. In addition to transporting the child to the hospital, you should:

report the incident to the appropriate authorities.

During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is Most consistent with a:

shotgun

Significant trauma to the face should increase the EMT's index of suspicion for a(n):

spinal column injury.

A partial thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the

dermal layer

Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with:

direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings.

Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin?

ears

What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body?

epidermis

A 52-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her face when her truck collided with another vehicle. She has obvious swelling to her face and several dislodged teeth. A visual exam of her mouth reveals minimal bleeding. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, a pulse of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. You should:

fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport.

You are assessing a 59-year-old male and note that his pupils are unequal. He is conscious and alert. When obtaining his medical history, it is MOST pertinent to ask him if he:

has a history of eye surgeries.

With regard to the pediatric rule of nines, the:

legs are proportionately smaller than an adult's.

All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, EXCEPT for the:

lips

A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a:

superficial burn

Patients with full-thickness (third-degree) burns generally do not complain of pain because:

the nerve endings have been destroyed.

The Adam's apple is:

the upper part of the larynx that is formed by the thyroid cartilage.

When transporting a patient with a facial injury, it is Most important to be as descriptive as possible with the hospital regarding the patient's injuries because:

they may need to call a specialist to see the patient

A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his BSA.

18%

When performing a full body scan, you should assess for:

DCAP-BTLS

Which of the following statements regarding electrical burns is correct

Entrance wounds are small relative to the amount of internal tissue damage.

Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process?

The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling.

Which of the following statements regarding anterior nose bleeds is correct?

They usually originate from the septum area and bleed slowly.

Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss?

abrasion

An injury that separates various layers of soft tissue, resulting in complete detachment or a flap of skin, is called a(n):

avulsion

A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive,pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should:

begin CPR and apply the AED.

Following blunt trauma to the face, a 21-year-old male complains of a severe headache and decreased ability to move his eyes. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with:

blowout fracture

A factory worker was splashed in the eyes with a strong acid chemical. He complains of intense pain and blurred vision. Your ambulance does not carry bottles of sterile saline or water. You should:

irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water.

A laceration:

is a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma.

When a light is shone into the pupil:

it should become smaller in size.

The superficial temporal artery can be palpated:

just anterior to the tragus.

Which of the following is of LEAST importance when initially assessing the severity of a burn?

known drug allergies