EMT CH. 7

The average pulse rate of persons between 19 and 60 years of age is typically: Select one: A. 80 beats/min. B. 60 beats/min. C. 90 beats/min. D. 70 beats/min.

70 beats/min.

A normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is between: Select one: A. 60 and 120 mm Hg. B. 80 and 120 mm Hg. C. 90 and 140 mm Hg. D. 70 and 140 mm Hg.

90 and 140 mm Hg.

In toddlers, the pulse rate is __ to ___ beats/min and the respiratory rate is __ to __ breaths/min.

90, 150; 20, 30

Diastolic blood pressure tends to ___ with age. A. Decrease B. Compensate C. Increase D. Decompensate

Increase

Which of the following is NOT a common factor that would affect a 75-year-old patient's vital signs? Select one: A. Increased weight B. Medical conditions C. Medications D. Overall health

Increased weight

Most older adults can hear ____ and are able to see _______

well, clearly

At what age can an infant normally start tracking objects with his or her eyes and recognizing familiar faces? A. 7 Months B. 2 Months C. 4 Months D. 10 Months

2 Months

What is the decline in kidney function between the ages of 20 and 90 years? A. 10% B. 50% C. 45% D. 20%

50%

Into what age range do toddlers and preschoolers fit? A. 1 to 6 years B. 2 to 8 years C. 2 to 7 years D. 0 to 5 years

1 to 6 years

Children of which age group are considered toddlers? Select one: A. Over 6 years B. 1 month to 1 year C. 3-6 years D. 1-3 years

1-3 years

What is the typical age range for an adolescent? A. 6 to 12 years B. 3 to 6 years C. 12 to 18 years D. 10 to 19 years

12 to 18 years

What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? Select one: A. 40-60 breaths/min B. 25-50 breaths/min C. 12-20 breaths/min D. 15-30 breaths/min

12-20 breaths/min

What is the estimated maximum life expectancy for humans? A. 120 B. 78 C. 67 D. 56

120

You are dispatch to a public park in middle of sprawling subdivision to an arm injury. You arrive to find a crying 8-year-old boy cradling his swollen and deformed left forearm. His friends tell you that he was holding onto bars of the play structure and that his arm "snapped" when he jumped into sand below You would expect to find a respiratory rate of between _____ and ______ breaths/min A. 12, 20 B. 15,20 C. 10, 15 D. 20, 30

15,20

By ______ to 24 months, toddlers begin to understand cause and ______

18, effect

The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of: Select one: A. 18 and 22 years. B. 21 and 30 years. C. 25 and 35 years. D. 19 and 25 years.

19 and 25 years

What do middle adults tend to focus their time and energy on? A. Raising a family B. Excelling in a career C. Achieving life goals D. Creating self-image

Achieving life goals

At what stage do vital signs begin to level off within adult ranges? A. Neonate B. Preschool C. School-age D. Adolescent

Adolescent

Which life stage is apt to be characterized by antisocial behavior and peer pressure? A. Toddler B. Adolescent C. Early adult D. Middle adult

Adolescent

Which of the following conditions is an infant most likely to have? A. Disk compression in the spinal column B. Loss of passive immunity C. Airway obstruction D. Atherosclerosis

Airway obstruction

You are dispatch to a public park in middle of sprawling subdivision to an arm injury. You arrive to find a crying 8-year-old boy cradling his swollen and deformed left forearm. His friends tell you that he was holding onto bars of the play structure and that his arm "snapped" when he jumped into sand below What would you expect this boy's normal pulse to be? A. Between 70 and 120 beats/min B. Higher than 150 beats/min C. Most likely below 70 beats/min D. Around 60 beats/min

Between 70 and 120 beats/min

You are dispatch to a public park in middle of sprawling subdivision to an arm injury. You arrive to find a crying 8-year-old boy cradling his swollen and deformed left forearm. His friends tell you that he was holding onto bars of the play structure and that his arm "snapped" when he jumped into sand below An adult bystander tells you that the boy kept trying to impress his friends with more and more dangerous stunts on the play structure prior to the injury. This is an indication of ______ reasoning. A. Conventional B. Preconventional C. Unconventional D. Postconventional

Conventional

Why is a neonate's head more "moldable"? A. Calcium growth in bones has not yet begun. B. Fontanelles have not yet fused to form the skull. C. The brain stem is less rigid. D. There is more space between the skull and the brain.

Fontanelles have not yet fused to form the skull.

When encountering a patient with depressed fontanelles, you should suspect: A. Respiratory Distress B. Dehydration C. Atherosclerosis D. Nephrosis

Dehydration

Which of the following is a nervous system change commonly found in older adults? A. Increase brain weight B. Increase in peripheral nerve functioning C. Less space for cerebal spinal fluid D. Deterioration of nerve endings

Deterioration of nerve endings

Work, Family, and stress best describe the life stage known as: A. Middle adulthood B. Adolescence C. Late adulthood D. Early adulthood

Early adulthood

______ adults are those who 19 to ___ years.

Early, 40

What term is used to identify a person who is from birth to 1 month old? A. Infant B. Toddler C. Neonate D. Newborn

Neonate

Congenital abnormalities are the leading cause of death in which age group? A. Neonates B. Toddlers C. Adolescents D. Older adults

Neonates

Changes in which of the following body systems can result in the most debilitating of age-related illnesses? A. Nervous B. Renal C. Sensory D. Endocrine

Nervous

Which age group is most likely to suffer from diabetes? A. Infants B. Adolescents C. Middle adults D. Older adults

Older adults

Which of the following affects vital signs the most in older adults? A. Patient's immune system B. Overall health of the patient C. Patient's cardiovascular system D. Patient's diet

Overall health of the patient

Children who make decisions based on their conscience are using what type of reasoning? A. Postconvential B. Psychosocial C. Conventional D. Preconventional

Postconvential

Which of the following is a physical change that typically occurs in the adolescent age group? Select one: A. The systolic blood pressure decreases. B. The normal pulse rate steadily increases. C. Secondary sexual development begins. D. Muscle and bone growth both decrease.

Secondary sexual development begins

________ describes how we feel about ourselves and how we fit in with our peers. A.Self-esteem B. Self-concept C. Preconventional reasoning D. Postconventional reasoning

Self-esteem

Clingy behavior and fear of unfamiliar places and people, which usually occurs between ages 10 and 18 months, is called... A. Bonding B. Separation C. Avoidant D. Mistrust

Separation

Which of the following should be expected when you assess a 76-year-old patient's pupils? A. Slower pupillary reaction B. Vision deficit C. Fixed, dilated pupils D. Unequal pupils

Slower pupillary reaction

Which of the following statements is true about the physiology of older adults? A. The filtration function of the kidneys decreases and the size of the kidney increases. B. The metabolic rate in the older brain does not change. C. Vital capacity is at its highest in older adults. D. Older adults require more sleep than younger adults.

The metabolic rate in the older brain does not change.

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex? Select one: A. When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch. B. When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward. C. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled. D. An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body.

The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

What is "vital capacity"? A. The volume of blood moved by each contraction of the heart B. The maximum thickness of the meninges C. The volume of air moved during the deepest points of respiration D. The amount of air left in the lungs following exhalation

The volume of air moved during the deepest points of respiration

Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns? Select one: A. The majority of middle adults still have small children who live at home with them. B. They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands. C. They are typically receiving social security and must budget with a fixed income. D. Most people in the middle adult age group have chronic illnesses and cannot work.

They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands.

Maturation of the reproductive system usually takes place during: A. Early adulthood. B. Preschool C. Middle adulthood. D. adolescence.

adolescence.

When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears. B. most older patients are confused due to a decrease in brain cells. C. deafness and blindness are a normal part of the process of aging. D. the majority of older patients experience a loss of low-frequency hearing.

age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears.

An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because: Select one: A. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate. B. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age. C. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age. D. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

The areas of the infant's skull that have not yet fused together are called ________. Select one: A. cranial valleys B. sutures C. fontanelles D. ventricles

fontanelles

An infants lungs are _____, and providing bag-valve-mask ventilation that are too forceful can results in trauma from pressure, or ______.

fragile, barotrauma

Rebellious behavior can be part of an adolescent trying to find his or her own _____.

identity

Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an: Select one: A. increase in height because of spinal disc expansion. B. increase in muscle strength and reflexes. C. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain. D. increase in respiratory rate due to increased metabolism.

increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should: Select one: A. avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering. B. recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults. C. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible. D. obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents.

inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.

Middle adults tend to focus on achieving their _______ ______

lifes goals

In preconventional reasoning, children: Select one: A. make decisions based on their conscience. B. blame their actions on what they have observed in older children. C. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want. D. look for approval from their peers and society.

make decisions based on their conscience

Among older adults,_______ function in the 5 years preceding death is presumed to decline.

mental

A(n) ____ usually weighs 6 to _____ pounds at birth, and the head accounts for _______% of its body weight

neonate, 8, 25

The respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute in an infant is ________. Select one: A. too fast B. normal C. too shallow D. too slow

normal

Changes in gastric and intestinal function may inhibit ____ intake and utilization in _____ adults

nutritional, older

The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to: Select one: A. shrinkage of the brain. B. a decrease in neurons. C. meningeal deterioration. D. blood vessel dilation.

shrinkage of the brain.

You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that: Select one: A. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs. B. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times. C. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction. D. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction.

small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.

Older adults frequently ___________. Select one: A. are able to increase their muscle mass B. are unable to overcome medical problems C. experience a decrease in body fat as they age D. take multiple medications

take multiple medications

Atherosclerosis is defined as ________. Select one: A. constriction of the blood vessels B. the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels C. dilation of the arteries D. the blockage of a coronary artery

the blockage of a coronary artery