EMT Chapter 14 Medical Overview Quiz Flashcards (2 SETS)

SECOND TEST SET

SECOND TEST SET

With the flowmeter set at 6 L/min, the nasal cannula will deliver up to _______ oxygen. Select one: a. 44% b. 14% c. 34% d. 24%

a. 44%

Which of the following is an example of a generic of a drug? Select one: a. Aspirin b. Advil c. Excedrin d. Bayer

a. Aspirin

When assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the cause of the problem? Select one: a. Medical history b. Primary assessment c. Baseline vital signs d. Index of suspicion

a. Medical history

When gathering a patient's medications, you find the following: Isordil, Lasix, Nexium, and digoxin. Which of these medications can be obtained over-the-counter (OTC)? Select one: a. Nexium b. Lasix c. Digoxin d. Isordil

a. Nexium

Which of the following conditions often requires transport to a hospital with specialized capabilities that may not be available at the closest hospital? Select one: a. Stroke and heart attack b. Seizures and infection c. Cardiac arrest and shock d. Diabetes and migraines

a. Stroke and heart attack

Activated charcoal is frequently suspended in sorbitol, a complex sugar that: Select one: a. facilitates movement through the digestive system. b. disguises the unpleasant taste of the activated charcoal. c. binds to any chemicals that are in the stomach. d. significantly slows the process of digestion.

a. facilitates movement through the digestive system.

The BEST way to prevent infection from whooping cough is to: Select one: a. get vaccinated against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. b. wear a HEPA mask when treating any respiratory patient. c. routinely place a surgical mask on all respiratory patients. d. ask all patients if they have recently traveled abroad.

a. get vaccinated against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.

When caring for a patient with an altered mental status and signs of circulatory compromise, you should: Select one: a. limit your time at the scene to 10 minutes or less, if possible. b. have a paramedic unit respond to the scene if it is less than 15 minutes away. c. perform a detailed secondary assessment prior to transporting the patient. d. transport immediately and begin all emergency treatment en route to the hospital.

a. limit your time at the scene to 10 minutes or less, if possible.

A patient who presents with a headache, fever, confusion, and red blotches on his or her skin should be suspected of having: Select one: a. meningitis. b. MERS-CoV. c. tuberculosis. d. hepatitis.

a. meningitis.

EMTs respond to a known heroin abuser who is unresponsive. If they give naloxone (Narcan) to this patient, the EMTs should recall that: Select one: a. naloxone administration could cause seizures in this patient. b. the effects of naloxone last longer than most opioid drugs. c. naloxone should not be given if the patient's breathing is slow. d. naloxone should be administered in increments of 2 mg.

a. naloxone administration could cause seizures in this patient.

The greatest danger in displaying a personal bias or "labeling" a patient who frequently calls EMS is: Select one: a. overlooking a potentially serious medical condition. b. demeaning or humiliating the patient and his family. c. discouraging the patient from calling EMS in the future. d. making the entire EMS system look unprofessional.

a. overlooking a potentially serious medical condition.

Shortly after assisting a 65-year-old female with her prescribed nitroglycerin, she begins complaining of dizziness and experiences a drop of 30 mm Hg in her systolic blood pressure. The patient remains conscious and her breathing is adequate. You should: Select one: a. place her in a supine position. b. transport her in a sitting position. c. assist ventilations with a bag-valve mask. d. wait 5 minutes and reassess her blood pressure.

a. place her in a supine position.

Reassessment of a patient with a medical complaint should begin by: Select one: a. repeating the primary assessment. b. reviewing all treatment performed. c. reassessing the nature of illness. d. taking another set of vital signs.

a. repeating the primary assessment.

When caring for a patient who takes numerous medications, it is best to: Select one: a. take all of the patient's medications with you to the hospital and document them on your patient care report. b. send the patient's medications to the hospital with a family member or other person who will safeguard them. c. document the medications on your patient care report, but leave them at home so they do not get misplaced. d. let the hospital staff retrieve the patient's medical records, which should show a list of his or her current medications.

a. take all of the patient's medications with you to the hospital and document them on your patient care report.

Your patient's symptoms include high fever, cough, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and shortness of breath. Which of the following should you suspect? Select one: a. Influenza b. MERS-CoV c. Whooping cough d. Hepatitis B

b. MERS-CoV

Which of the following is an example of a rules-based medication error? Select one: a. The EMT administers a drug that is contraindicated for the patient. b. The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director. c. The EMT administers the correct drug, but gives it by the wrong route. d. The EMT accidentally gives a higher drug dose than what is indicated.

b. The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director.

Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it: Select one: a. leads to chronic infection after exposure. b. has a greater ability to produce disease. c. is less resistant to treatment. d. is a more contagious type of disease.

b. has a greater ability to produce disease

Three months after returning home from West Africa, a 50-year-old man begins experiencing a fever, cough, and muscle aches. The EMT should suspect: Select one: a. whooping cough. b. influenza. c. hepatitis. d. Ebola.

b. influenza.

You and your EMT partner arrive at the residence of a 50-year-old man who complains of weakness. Your primary assessment reveals that he is critically ill and will require aggressive treatment. The closest hospital is 25 miles away. You should: Select one: a. load him into the ambulance, begin transport, and perform all treatment en route to the hospital. b. manage all threats to airway, breathing, and circulation and consider requesting an ALS unit. c. administer oxygen via nonrebreathing mask and obtain as much of his medical history as possible. d. perform a detailed secondary assessment, assess his vital signs, and then transport rapidly.

b. manage all threats to airway, breathing, and circulation and consider requesting an ALS unit.

It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected ___________ problem. Select one: a. endocrine b. neurologic c. cardiac d. respiratory

b. neurologic

After sizing up the scene of a patient with a possible infectious disease, your next priority should be to: Select one: a. quickly access the patient. b. take standard precautions. c. contact medical control. d. notify law enforcement.

b. take standard precautions.

Ten days after treating a 34-year-old patient with tuberculosis, you are given a tuberculin skin test, which yields a positive result. This MOST likely indicates that: Select one: a. you are actively infected with tuberculosis and should be treated immediately. b. you were exposed to another infected person prior to treating the 34-year-old patient. c. the disease is dormant in your body, but will probably never cause symptoms. d. you contracted the disease by casual contact instead of exposure to secretions.

b. you were exposed to another infected person prior to treating the 34-year-old patient.

Which of the following assessment findings is MOST indicative of a cardiovascular problem? Select one: a. Use of the accessory muscles b. Unequal breath sounds c. Jugular venous distention d. Palpable pain to the epigastrium

c. Jugular venous distention

The primary prehospital treatment for most medical emergencies: Select one: a. involves transport only until treatment can be performed at the hospital. b. typically does not require the EMT to contact medical control. c. addresses the patient's symptoms more than the actual disease process. d. focuses on definitive care because a diagnosis can usually be made.

c. addresses the patient's symptoms more than the actual disease process.

Your primary assessment of an elderly woman reveals that she is conscious and alert, but is experiencing difficulty breathing. She has a history of emphysema, hypertension, and congestive heart failure. As you assess the patient's circulatory status, you should direct your partner to: Select one: a. assess her oxygen saturation and blood pressure. b. perform a head-to-toe secondary assessment. c. administer oxygen with the appropriate device. d. retrieve the stretcher and prepare for transport.

c. administer oxygen with the appropriate device.

A 58-year-old man complains of chest discomfort and nausea. He is conscious and alert; his blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, his pulse is 104 beats/min, and his respirations are 16 breaths/min. Your partner has applied supplemental oxygen. Prior to assisting the patient with one of his prescribed nitroglycerin tablets, you ask him if he takes medication to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) and he tells you that he does. You should: Select one: a. administer his nitroglycerin and then reassess his blood pressure. b. recall that erectile ED drugs can cause significant hypertension. c. ask him what he takes, how much, and when he last took it. d. avoid giving him nitroglycerin and transport him at once.

c. ask him what he takes, how much, and when he last took it.

The secondary assessment of a medical patient: Select one: a. should routinely include a comprehensive examination from head to toe. b. should be performed at the scene, especially if the patient is critically ill. c. is not practical if the patient is critically ill or your transport time is short. d. is typically limited to a focused exam for patients who are unconscious.

c. is not practical if the patient is critically ill or your transport time is short.

Factors that increase the risk for developing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) include: Select one: a. failure to be vaccinated against any strain of hepatitis. b. a history of a respiratory illness within the past 6 to 8 weeks. c. prolonged hospitalization, especially in an intensive care unit. d. prior exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

c. prolonged hospitalization, especially in an intensive care unit.

A 31-year-old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert, but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed MDI, you should: Select one: a. administer another treatment in 30 seconds if she is still in distress. b. check the drug's expiration date to ensure that it is still current. c. reassess the patient and document her response to the medication. d. contact medical control and apprise him or her of what you did.

c. reassess the patient and document her response to the medication.

End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring is clearly indicated for patients who present with: Select one: a. headache. b. abdominal pain. c. respiratory distress. d. high blood pressure.

c. respiratory distress.

An index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: Select one: a. ruling out specific medical conditions based on the absence of certain signs and symptoms. b. the EMT's prediction of the type of illness a patient has based on how the call is dispatched. c. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness. d. determining the underlying cause of a patient's medical condition based on signs and symptoms.

c. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness.

Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for complications caused by the influenza virus? Select one: a. 39-year-old man with mild hypertension b. 50-year-old woman moderate obesity c. 12-year-old child with a fractured arm d. 68-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes

d. 68-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes

Which of the following statements regarding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is correct? Select one: a. Studies have shown that fewer than 1% of health care providers are MRSA carriers. b. Most cases of MRSA transmission occur following an accidental needlestick. c. The communicable period for MRSA is 10 days to 2 weeks after being infected. d. MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics.

d. MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics.

Which of the following conditions is NOT categorized as a psychiatric condition? Select one: a. Alzheimer's disease b. Depression c. Schizophrenia d. Substance abuse

d. Substance abuse

An EMT may administer aspirin to a patient if: Select one: a. the patient is believed to be experiencing an acute stroke. b. transport time to the hospital is greater than 30 minutes. c. the patient is currently experiencing hypotension. d. authorization from medical control has been obtained.

d. authorization from medical control has been obtained.

In addition to looking for severe bleeding, assessment of circulation in the conscious patient should involve: Select one: a. applying a pulse oximeter probe to the finger to determine if peripheral perfusion is adequate. b. taking a blood pressure and determining if the patient is alert and oriented or confused. c. palpating the carotid pulse to determine the approximate rate and checking capillary refill time. d. checking the radial pulse and noting the color, temperature, and condition of the skin.

d. checking the radial pulse and noting the color, temperature, and condition of the skin.

You are dispatched to a movie theater for a 39-year-old female with signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction. As you are assessing her, she pulls an epinephrine auto-injector out of her purse and hands it to you. After confirming the drug's name and expiration date, you should: Select one: a. administer the drug. b. request an ALS ambulance to administer the drug. c. ask her if she takes other medications. d. contact medical control.

d. contact medical control.

Patients with tuberculosis pose the greatest risk for transmitting the disease when they: Select one: a. have a fever. b. are bleeding. c. vomit. d. cough.

d. cough.

Early signs and symptoms of viral hepatitis include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: a. vomiting, fever, and fatigue. b. pain in the muscles and joints. c. loss of appetite and a cough. d. jaundice and abdominal pain.

d. jaundice and abdominal pain.

When forming your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, it is important to remember that: Select one: a. the majority of medical patients you encounter are also injured. b. it is during the general impression that assessment of the ABCs occurs. c. most serious medical conditions do not present with obvious symptoms. d. the conditions of many medical patients may not appear serious at first.

d. the conditions of many medical patients may not appear serious at first.