EMT - Chapter 20

The adult epinephrine auto injector delivers ___ mg of epinephrine, and the infant-child auto injector delivers __:

0.3, 0.15

Wheezing is a sound that indicates:

narrowing of the air passages

The effects of epinephrine are typically observed within __ following administration

1 minute

A 19-year-old female was stung multiple times on the legs by fire ants. She states that she is allergic to fire ants, but does not carry her own epinephrine. The patient is conscious and alert and complains of pain to the area of the bites. Her blood pressure is 122/70 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and strong, and her respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. You should:

Administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital

A 37-year-old male is having a severe allergic reaction to penicillin. He does not have an epinephrine auto-injector and your protocols do not allow you to carry epinephrine on the ambulance. How should you proceed with the treatment of this patient?

Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept

When a foreign substance invades the body, the body will: -protect itself -go on alert -attempt to inactivate the foreign substance -all answers are correct

All answers are correct

Care for a victim of an immunologic emergency who is severely hypotensive should include which of the following:

Apply high flow oxygen therapy, place the patient in a shock position, and help maintain the patient's body temperature

Which of the following medications blocks the release of histamines?

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto injector to a 22 year old woman with an allergic reaction, you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should:

Monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine

Anaphylaxis is not always life threatening, but it typically involves:

Multiple organ systems

At the site of the injury, signs and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting may include pain, localized heat, and a wheal, which appears as:

Raised, well defined area of the skin

You should not use tweezers or forceps to remove an embedded stinger because:

Squeezing may cause the stinger to inject more venom into the wound

Which of the following sounds indicates swelling of the upper airway?

Stridor

Which of the following would MOST likely provide clues regarding the source of a patient's allergic reaction? -the patients family history -the patient's general physical appearance -the environment in which the patient is found -the time of year in which the exposure occurred

The environment in which the patient is found

Which of the following signs/symptoms are indicative of respiratory involvement of an allergic reaction?

Tightness in the chest or throat

Epinephrine, whether made by the body or by a drug manufacturer, works rapidly to: -raise the pulse rate and blood pressure -inhibit an allergic reaction -relieve bronchiospasm -all answers are correct

all answers are correct

anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to __ rather than the bit or sting itself:

all answers are correct: -injected poison -irritating toxin -deadly venom

Anaphylaxis is MOST accurately defined as an:

extreme allergic reaction that may affect multiple body systems

Urticaria is the medical term for:

hives

When an allergic reaction proceeds to life-threatening anaphylaxis, it will usually do so:

quickly, within 30 minutes

Epinephrine stimulates the __ response, increasing blood pressure and relieving bronchospasm:

sympathetic

The goal of invaders such as bacteria and viruses is to:

use the human body as a home