EMT Chapter 77

Children of which age group are considered toddlers? A. 1-3 years B. 3-6 years C. Over 6 years D. 1 month to 1 year

A. 1-3 years

The average pulse rate of persons between 41 and 60 years of age is typically: A. 70 beats/min. B. 60 beats/min. C. 90 beats/min. D. 80 beats/min.

A. 70 beats/min.

Which of the following is NOT a common factor that would affect a 75-year-old patient's vital signs? A. Increased weight B. Medications C. Medical conditions D. Overall health

A. Increased weight

When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: A. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears. B. most older patients are confused due to a decrease in brain cells. C. the majority of older patients experience a loss of low-frequency hearing. D. deafness and blindness are a normal part of the process of aging.

A. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears.

The areas of the infant's skull that have not yet fused together are called ________. A. fontanelles B. ventricles C. cranial valleys D. sutures

A. fontanelles

The respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute in an infant is ________. A. normal B. too slow C. too shallow D. too fast

A. normal

The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to: A. shrinkage of the brain. B. meningeal deterioration. C. blood vessel dilation. D. a decrease in neurons.

A. shrinkage of the brain.

You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that: A. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times. B. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction. C. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction. D. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs.

A. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.

Which of the following is a physical change that typically occurs in the adolescent age group? A. The normal pulse rate steadily increases. B. Secondary sexual development begins. C. Muscle and bone growth both decrease. D. The systolic blood pressure decreases.

B. Secondary sexual development begins.

Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns? A. Most people in the middle adult age group have chronic illnesses and cannot work. B. They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands. C. The majority of middle adults still have small children who live at home with them. D. They are typically receiving social security and must budget with a fixed income.

B. They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands.

In preconventional reasoning, children: A. make decisions based on their conscience. B. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want. C. blame their actions on what they have observed in older children. D. look for approval from their peers and society.

B. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.

An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because: Answers: A. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age. B. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight. C. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age. D. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate.

B. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

Atherosclerosis is defined as ________. A. the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels B. the blockage of a coronary artery C. dilation of the arteries D. constriction of the blood vessels

B. the blockage of a coronary artery

What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? A. 40-60 breaths/min B. 25-50 breaths/min C. 12-20 breaths/min D. 15-30 breaths/min

C. 12-20 breaths/min

The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of: A. 21 and 30 years. B. 18 and 22 years. C. 19 and 25 years. D. 25 and 35 years.

C. 19 and 25 years.

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex? A. When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward. B. When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch. C. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled. D. An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body.

C. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an: A. increase in muscle strength and reflexes. B. increase in respiratory rate due to increased metabolism. C. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain. D. increase in height because of spinal disc expansion.

C. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.

Older adults frequently ___________. A. are able to increase their muscle mass B. experience a decrease in body fat as they age C. take multiple medications D. are unable to overcome medical problems

C. take multiple medications

A normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is between: A. 60 and 120 mm Hg. B. 80 and 120 mm Hg. C. 70 and 140 mm Hg. D. 90 and 140 mm Hg.

D. 90 and 140 mm Hg.

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should: A. avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering. B. recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults. C. obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents. D. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.

D. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.