EMT CHAPTERS 1-8

Which of the following would provide the EMT with the BEST cover in a situation involving active gunfire? Select one: A. A concrete barricade B. Behind a car door C. A large cluster of shrubs D. Stacked empty barrels

A. A concrete barricade Correct

General adaptation syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases? Select one: A. Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery B. Delayed reaction, alarm response, and physical recovery C. Reaction and resistance, euphoria, and physical exhaustion D. Immediate reaction, psychological exhaustion, and recovery

A. Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery Correct

Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reaction? Select one: A. An EMT becomes distracted at the scene of a motor vehicle crash involving the same type of car in which a child was previously killed. B. A newly certified EMT becomes extremely nauseated and diaphoretic at the scene of an incident involving grotesque injuries. C. An EMT is emotionally exhausted and depressed after a school bus crash involving critical injuries and the death of several children. D. An EMT with many years of field experience becomes irritable with her coworkers and experiences headaches and insomnia.

A. An EMT becomes distracted at the scene of a motor vehicle crash involving the same type of car in which a child was previously killed. Correct

Which of the following components are needed to prove negligence? Select one: A. Duty to act, breach of duty, injury/damages, and causation B. Breach of duty, injury/damages, abandonment, and causation C. Duty to act, abandonment, breach of duty, and causation D. Abandonment, breach of duty, damages, and causation

A. Duty to act, breach of duty, injury/damages, and causation Correct

Prehospital patient care decisions should be based on __________. Select one: A. EMS research B. the experiences of EMTs C. the opinions of physicians D. an EMS agency's fiscal resources

A. EMS research Correct

The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on: Select one: A. EMS research. B. local protocols. C. regional trauma guidelines. D. the lead EMT's decision.

A. EMS research. Correct

Which of the following statements regarding the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 is correct? Select one: A. The ADA prohibits employers from failing to provide full and equal employment to those who are disabled. B. According to the ADA, EMT candidates with a documented disability are exempt from taking the NREMT exam. C. The ADA applies only to individuals with a diagnosed and well-documented physical disability. D. The minimum number of hours required to successfully complete an EMT course is less for candidates who are disabled.

A. The ADA prohibits employers from failing to provide full and equal employment to those who are disabled. Correct

You are transporting a 67-year-old female patient to the hospital for investigation of abdominal pain. The patient care record indicates that the patient has a history of AAA. Based on this information, the patient care record includes an abbreviation for: Select one: A. abdominal aortic aneurysm. B. against ambulance advice. C. acute abdominal assessment. D. acute abdominal aneurysm .

A. abdominal aortic aneurysm. Correct

When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears. B. deafness and blindness are a normal part of the process of aging. C. the majority of older patients experience a loss of low-frequency hearing. D. most older patients are confused due to a decrease in brain cells

A. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears. Correct

When decontaminating the back of your ambulance after a call, you should: Select one: A. allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions. B. spray the contaminated areas and then immediately wipe them dry with a towel. C. use a bleach and water solution at a 1:2 dilution ratio to thoroughly wipe all surfaces. D. clean all surfaces and patient contact areas with a mixture of alcohol and water.

A. allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions. Correct

A patient has fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries would be described as being: Select one: A. bilateral. B. medial. C. unilateral. D. proximal.

A. bilateral. Correct

After applying a tourniquet, the injury from a patient's leg stops bleeding. This is called: Select one: A. hemostasis. B. hemolysis. C. hematemesis. D. hemiplegia.

A. hemostasis. Correct

In contrast to typical wheeled ambulance stretchers, features of a bariatric stretcher include: Select one: A. increased stability from a wider wheelbase. B. two safety rails on both sides of the stretcher. C. a collapsible undercarriage. D. weight capacity of up to 650 lb.

A. increased stability from a wider wheelbase.

If a patient's chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient's respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that: Select one: A. minute volume is decreased. B. inspiratory reserve is increased. C. expiratory reserve volume is decreased. D. overall tidal volume is increased.

A. minute volume is decreased. Correct

When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions. B. your questions should focus exclusively on the patient's obvious problem. C. speaking loudly and distinctly will ensure that the patient can hear you. D. hostility and confusion should be presumed to be due to the patient's age.

A. most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions. Correct

Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include: Select one: A. not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons. B. placing the patient in a private area until the police arrive. C. quickly moving any weapons out of the patient's sight. D. making brief notes at the scene and then completing them later.

A. not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons. Correct

To protect a restrained patient and prevent him from using leverage to break free, the EMT should secure __________. Select one: A. one arm above the head B. only the patient's torso C. both arms above the head D. both arms at the patient's sides

A. one arm above the head Correct

As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should: Select one: A. respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician. B. inform the admissions clerk of the situation and then respond at once. C. leave a copy of the run form with a nurse and then respond to the call. D. place the patient in a high-visibility area and then respond to the call.

A. respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician. Correct

The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to: Select one: A. shrinkage of the brain. B. meningeal deterioration. C. a decrease in neurons. D. blood vessel dilation.

A. shrinkage of the brain. Correct

Atherosclerosis is defined as ________. Select one: A. the blockage of a coronary artery B. the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels C. dilation of the arteries D. constriction of the blood vessels

A. the blockage of a coronary artery

The ability to handle multiple tasks based on their priority is called __________. Select one: A. time management B. integrity C. patient empathy D. patient advocacy

A. time management Correct

Which type of consent is involved when a 39-year-old mentally competent female with a severe headache asks you to take her to the hospital? Select one: A. Formal B. Expressed C. Implied D. Informed

B. Expressed Correct

In which of the following circumstances can the EMT legally release confidential patient information? Select one: A. A media representative inquires about the patient B. The patient is competent and signs a release form C. The family requests a copy for insurance purposes D. A police officer requests a copy to place on file

B. The patient is competent and signs a release form Correct

Which of the following statements regarding HIV is correct? Select one: A. HIV is far more contagious than hepatitis B. B. There is no vaccine against HIV infection. C. HIV is transmitted exclusively via blood. D. HIV is easily transmittable in the EMS field.

B. There is no vaccine against HIV infection. Correct

When is forcible restraint permitted? Select one: A. Only if law enforcement personnel have witnessed threatening behavior B. When the patient poses a significant threat to self or others C. Anytime that the EMT feels threatened D. Only if consent to restrain is given by a family member

B. When the patient poses a significant threat to self or others Correct

Vector-borne transmission of an infectious organism occurs via: Select one: A. inanimate objects. B. animals or insects. C. direct contact. D. smoke or dust.

B. animals or insects. Correct

A 4-year-old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mother's lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The child's mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably, which causes the child to start crying. You should: Select one: A. attempt to calm the child's mother, but avoid separating her from her child because this will increase her anxiety. B. ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother. C. give the child a favorite toy or blanket to hold onto and perform your assessment to the best of your ability. D. reassure the child's mother that seizures in children are very common and that there is nothing to worry about.

B. ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother. Correct

A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is: Select one: A. oxygen. B. heat. C. lactic acid. D. nitrogen.

B. heat.

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should: Select one: A. recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults. B. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible. C. avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering. D. obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents.

B. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible. Correct

After assessing a patient's blood glucose level, you accidentally stick yourself with the contaminated lancet. You should: Select one: A. discontinue patient care and seek medical attention. B. report the incident to your supervisor after the call. C. get immunized against hepatitis as soon as possible. D. immerse your wound in an alcohol-based solution.

B. report the incident to your supervisor after the call. Correct

You could be sued for ___________ if your radio report to the hospital describes the patient in a manner that injures his or her reputation. Select one: A. negligence B. slander C. assault D. libel

B. slander Correct

Gastro" in the word "gastroenteritis" means: Select one: A. tongue. B. stomach. C. intestine. D. bowel.

B. stomach. Correct

The term "pericardiocentesis" means: Select one: A. a surgical opening made in the heart. B. the removal of fluid from around the heart. C. surgical repair of the sac around the heart. D. narrowing of the arteries supplying the heart.

B. the removal of fluid from around the heart. Correct

Which of the following statements is NOT appropriate to document in the narrative section of a PCR? Select one: A. "After oxygen was administered, the patient's breathing improved." B. "The patient admits to smoking marijuana earlier in the day." C. "General impression revealed that the patient was intoxicated." D. "Significant damage was noted to the front end of the vehicle."

C. "General impression revealed that the patient was intoxicated." Correct

The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of: Select one: A. 21 and 30 years. B. 25 and 35 years. C. 19 and 25 years. D. 18 and 22 years.

C. 19 and 25 years. Correct

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury? Select one: A. Scoop stretcher B. Wheeled stretcher C. Long backboard D. Portable stretcher

C. Long backboard Correct

Which of the following is a physical change that typically occurs in the adolescent age group? Select one: A. Muscle and bone growth both decrease. B. The normal pulse rate steadily increases. C. Secondary sexual development begins. D. The systolic blood pressure decreases.

C. Secondary sexual development begins. Correct

What happens when blood volume is lost from the body? Select one: A. Arterial blood is diverted to the skin and muscles. B. The veins dilate to increase systemic perfusion. C. The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure. D. Widespread vasodilation causes blood pressure to decrease.

C. The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure. Correct

What is an EMT's primary service area? Select one: A. The location where the EMT provides essential care during a 9-1-1 call B. The only area the EMT is certified to provide patient care C. The main area in which the EMS agency operates D. The area serviced by the EMT's medical director

C. The main area in which the EMS agency operates Correct

Which of the following statements regarding patient weight distribution is correct? Select one: A. The EMT at the patient's head will bear the least amount of weight. B. Most of the patient's weight rests on the foot end of the stretcher. C. The majority of a horizontal patient's weight is in the torso. D. A semi-sitting patient's weight is equally distributed on both ends.

C. The majority of a horizontal patient's weight is in the torso. Correct

In preconventional reasoning, children: Select one: A. look for approval from their peers and society. B. make decisions based on their conscience. C. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want. D. blame their actions on what they have observed in older children.

C. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want. Correct

An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because: Select one: A. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age. B. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age. C. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight. D. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate.

C. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight. Correct

The ____________ is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen. Select one: A. costal arch B. mediastinum C. diaphragm D. costovertebral angle

C. diaphragm Correct

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you find a single patient still seated in his car. There are no scene hazards. As you approach the vehicle, you note that the patient is semiconscious and has a large laceration to his forehead. You should: Select one: A. apply a cervical collar and quickly remove the patient with a clothes drag. B. apply a vest-style extrication device before attempting to move the patient. C. direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head. D. slide a long backboard under his buttocks and lay him sideways on the board.

C. direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head. Correct

The suffix "-pathy" means: Select one: A. enlargement. B. specialist. C. disease. D. study of.

C. disease. Correct

American Heart Association protocols are based on __________. Select one: A. theories ready for field trial B. trends in the EMS community C. evidence-based research D. opinions from a core group of cardiologists

C. evidence-based research Correct

You are attending to a 34-year-old male patient who requires transport to the hospital for assessment of his chronic back pain. The patient weighs over 750 pounds. Your bariatric stretcher has a wider surface area to allow for: Select one: A. better stability when moving the patient on uneven ground. B. increased stability and leverage when lifting with more than two providers. C. increased patient comfort and dignity. D. increased lifting capacity and patient weight load.

C. increased patient comfort and dignity. Correct

The MOST serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is: Select one: A. causing patient anxiety or fear. B. unnecessarily wasting time. C. injury to you or your patient. D. confusion among team members.

C. injury to you or your patient. Correct

As an EMT, the standards of emergency care are often partially based on: Select one: A. a consensus among paramedic supervisors. B. the wishes of the general public. C. locally accepted protocols. D. the priorities of the medical director.

C. locally accepted protocols. Correct

The EMT's scope of practice within his or her local response area is defined by the: Select one: A. state EMS office. B. EMS supervisor. C. medical director. D. local health district.

C. medical director. Correct

When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patient's privacy by: Select one: A. withholding medical history data. B. refraining from objective statements. C. not disclosing his or her name. D. using coded medical language

C. not disclosing his or her name. Correct

You are attending to a 22-year-old female patient who has overdosed. The patient is unresponsive in an upstairs bedroom. The most appropriate way to bring the patient downstairs is: Select one: A. secured to a stair chair with the strongest provider at the foot end. B. secured to a fracture board with the strongest provider at the foot end. C. secured to a fracture board with the strongest provider at the head end. D. secured to a stair chair with the strongest provider at the head end.

C. secured to a fracture board with the strongest provider at the head end. Correct

A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" in this measurement represents: Select one: A. ventricular filling. B. atrial contraction. C. ventricular contraction. D. ventricular relaxation.

C. ventricular contraction. Correct

CHAPTER 4

Communications and Documentation

Which of the following suffixes mean "pertaining to"? Select one: A. "-ic" and "-ology" B. "-ology" and "-oma" C. "-al" and "-ology" D. "-al" and "-ic"

D. "-al" and "-ic" Correct

Where would you MOST likely find information regarding a patient's wishes to be an organ donor? Select one: A. Voter registration card B. Social Security card C. Insurance card D. Driver's license

D. Driver's license Correct

Which of the following courses requires about 150 hours of training? Select one: A. Paramedic B. EMR C. AEMT D. EMT

D. EMT Correct

Which of the following structures does NOT contain smooth muscle? Select one: A. Blood vessels B. Gastrointestinal tract C. Urinary system D. Skeletal system

D. Skeletal system Correct

Which organ lies in the lateral and posterior portion of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen? Select one: A. Cecum B. Stomach C. Liver D. Spleen

D. Spleen Correct

You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle-versus-pedestrian accident. The patient, a 13-year-old male, is unconscious and has multiple injuries. As you are treating the child, a law enforcement officer advises you that the child's parents will be at the scene in approximately 15 minutes. What should you do? Select one: A. Begin transport at once and have the parents meet you en route to the hospital. B. Withhold treatment until the parents arrive and give you consent for treatment. C. Treat the child at the scene and wait for the parents to arrive and give consent. D. Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital.

D. Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital. Correct

Which of the following will help improve radio communications? Select one: A. Use codes to speed communication. B. Hold the radio at least 6 inches from your mouth. C. Answer questions with "yes" or "no." D. Wait 1 second after pressing the transmit button before speaking.

D. Wait 1 second after pressing the transmit button before speaking. Correct

You are transporting an elderly woman who has possibly experienced a stroke. She is obviously scared but is unable to talk and cannot move the entire right side of her body. In addition to providing the medical care that she needs, you should: Select one: A. maintain eye contact at all times and tell her that there is no need for her to be scared. B. tell her that you understand why she is scared and that everything will likely be okay. C. reassure her that after proper treatment in the hospital, she will regain her speech in time. D. acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her.

D. acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her. Correct

During your assessment of a 20-year-old man with a severe headache and nausea, you ask him when his headache began, but he does not answer your question immediately. You should: Select one: A. repeat your question because he probably did not hear you. B. tell him that you cannot help him unless he answers your questions. C. ask him if he frequently experiences severe headaches and nausea. D. allow him time to think about the question and respond to it.

D. allow him time to think about the question and respond to it. Correct

You respond to the home of a 59-year-old man who is unconscious; has slow, shallow breathing; and has a weak pulse. The family states that the patient has terminal brain cancer and does not wish to be resuscitated. They further state that there is a DNR order for this patient, but they are unable to locate it. You should: Select one: A. transport the patient without providing any treatment. B. honor the patient's wishes and withhold all treatment. C. decide on further action once the DNR order is produced. D. begin treatment and contact medical control as needed.

D. begin treatment and contact medical control as needed. Correct

The central nervous system is composed of the: Select one: A. spinal cord and sensory nerves. B. brain and sensory nerves. C. motor and sensory nerves. D. brain and spinal cord.

D. brain and spinal cord. Correct

The ability to understand others and have them understand you is known as __________. Select one: A. scene leadership B. teamwork and diplomacy C. self-confidence D. communication

D. communication Correct

Ethnocentrism is defined as: Select one: A. understanding that people from different cultural backgrounds respond to pain and stress differently. B. suspecting that a person has an ulterior motive based on the tone of his or her voice when answering a question. C. subconsciously forcing your cultural values onto a patient because you feel that your own values are more acceptable. D. considering your own cultural values to be more important when interacting with people of a different culture.

D. considering your own cultural values to be more important when interacting with people of a different culture.

Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the: Select one: A. stomach. B. pancreas. C. kidneys. D. gallbladder.

D. gallbladder. Correct

Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an: Select one: A. increase in height because of spinal disc expansion. B. increase in muscle strength and reflexes. C. increase in respiratory rate due to increased metabolism. D. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain

D. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain

A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she: Select one: A. has low blood sugar. B. urinates frequently. C. is unable to swallow. D. is excessively thirsty.

D. is excessively thirsty. Correct

The proper technique for using the power grip is to: Select one: A. position your hands about 6² apart. B. rotate your palms down. C. hold the handle with your fingers. D. lift with your palms up.

D. lift with your palms up.

In relation to the chest, the back is: Select one: A. ventral. B. inferior. C. anterior. D. posterior.

D. posterior. Correct

National guidelines for EMS care are intended to __________. Select one: A. unify EMS providers under a single medical director B. reduce expenses at the local and state levels C. facilitate a national EMS labor group D. provide more consistent delivery of EMS care across the United States

D. provide more consistent delivery of EMS care across the United States Correct

Quid pro quo, a type of sexual harassment, occurs when the harasser: Select one: A. touches another person without his or her consent. B. makes rude remarks about a person's body parts. C. stares at certain parts of another person's anatomy. D. requests sexual favors in exchange for something else.

D. requests sexual favors in exchange for something else. Correct

You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that: Select one: A. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction. B. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs. C. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction. D. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.

D. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.

As you and your partner are carrying a stable patient down a flight of stairs in a stair chair, you feel a sudden, sharp pain in your lower back. You should: Select one: A. guide your partner while moving the chair backwards. B. reposition your hands and continue to move the patient. C. stop the move and have the patient walk down the stairs. D. stop the move and request additional lifting assistance.

D. stop the move and request additional lifting assistance. Correct

The MOST serious consequence of drug or alcohol abuse among EMS personnel is: Select one: A. punitive action and the loss of a job. B. tension among coworkers and supervisors. C. low morale and frequently missed shifts. D. substandard or inappropriate patient care.

D. substandard or inappropriate patient care. Correct

You are caring for a 56-year-old male patient complaining of abdominal pain. Your service has recently switched to an electronic PCR system (ePCR). When completing the ePCR, it is important to be aware that: Select one: A. the ePCR is relatively unsecured and should not contain patient-specific information. B. the ePCR does not contain the same level of information as the written version and your verbal report should be expanded. C. a written patient care record will need to be completed on arrival at the hospital. D. the ePCR allows patient information to be transmitted directly to the receiving hospital's computers.

D. the ePCR allows patient information to be transmitted directly to the receiving hospital's computers.

You are transporting to a 66-year-old patient with a history of heart problems. The patient chart indicates that he has hepatomegaly. The root of the term indicates that: Select one: A. the organ involved is enlarged. B. the problem is unrelated to the patient's heart condition. C. the problem is a direct consequence of the patient's heart disease. D. the problem is with the patient's liver.

D. the problem is with the patient's liver. Correct

CHAPTER 1

EMS Systems

CHAPTER 7

Life Span Development

Chapter 8

Lifting and Moving Patients

CHAPTER 5

Medical Terminology**

CHAPTER 3

Medical, Legal and Ethical Issues

Chapter 6

The Human Body

CHAPTER 2

Workforce Safety and Wellness

You are caring for a driver who struck a light pole. She admits to drinking alcohol but orders you not to tell anyone. You should report the information to __________. Select one: a. your medical director b. law enforcement personnel c. the receiving nurse or doctor d. the state motor vehicle department

c. the receiving nurse or doctor Correct