EMT Exam 9

Femoral shaft fractures can result in up to _______________ mL of internal blood loss.

1000

A person's ability to shiver is lost when his or her body temperature falls below:

90°F (32°C)

The MOST commonly fractured bone(s) in the body is/are the:

Clavicle

Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to increase a person's risk of hypothermia?

Hyperglycemia

Which of the following statements regarding striated muscle is correct?

It forms the major muscle mass of the body and usually crosses at least one joint.

Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain?

Skeletal

Which of the following would be the LEAST likely to occur in a patient with a core body temperature of between 89°F (32°C) and 92°F (33°C)?

Tachycardia

The act of pulling on a body structure in the direction of its normal alignment is called:

Traction

Following direct trauma to the left upper back, a 44-year-old male presents with diaphoresis and restlessness. His blood pressure is 100/50 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 beats/min and weak, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored. Your assessment reveals abrasions and contusions over the left scapula. You should:

apply high-flow oxygen, consider spinal precautions, and transport without delay.

Bone marrow produces:

blood cells

Hypothermia can worsen internal bleeding secondary to:

blood-clotting abnormalities.

A Colles fracture involves a fracture of the:

distal radius

When the body loses sweat, it also loses:

electrolytes

A(n) _______________ fracture occurs in the growth section of a child's bone and may lead to bone growth abnormalities.

epiphyseal

When splinting an injury of the wrist, the hand should be placed:

in a functional position.

Bones are connected to other bones by bands of tough fibrous tissues called:

ligaments

A person who experiences a calcaneus fracture after jumping and landing on his or her feet would MOST likely experience an accompanying fracture of the:

lumbar spine

Atrophy is a condition that occurs when:

muscle decreases in size and function.

The MOST common and significant complication associated with fractures or dislocations of the knee is:

neurovascular compromise.

A fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a _______________ fracture.

pathologic

A 45-year-old female was the unrestrained passenger of a small car that rear-ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. She is conscious and alert, but complains of pain to both of her knees. There is visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger's side of the vehicle. In addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees, you should be MOST suspicious for:

posterior hip dislocation.

What type of muscle contracts and relaxes to control the movement of the contents within its structures?

smooth

You and your partner are preparing to apply a traction splint to a patient's deformed thigh. As you apply manual traction, the patient resists your efforts and states that the pain is getting worse. You should:

stop and splint the leg in the deformed position.

The two MOST efficient ways for the body to eliminate excess heat are:

sweating and vasodilation

Heat stroke occurs when:

the body's heat-eliminating mechanisms are overwhelmed.

The body's natural protective mechanisms against heat loss are:

vasoconstriction and shivering